Iyini amathuba ami okuba nomunye u-Preemie?
Ukuba nengane ngaphambi kwesikhathi kubonisa izinselele eziningi ezingokwenyama nangokomzwelo, ngakho-ke kuyinto yemvelo - uma ucabanga ngokuba nomunye ingane - ukuzibuza (futhi mhlawumbe ukhathazeke) ngengozi yakho yokuzalwa okunye ngaphambi kwesikhathi.
Ukuzalwa kwangaphambi kwangaphambi kwesikhathi kungenye yezinkinga ezinkulu zokuba nezingane ezincane ngaphambi kwesikhathi . Ingozi ikhuphuka lapho omama sebebeletha okungaphezu kwesisodwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi, bese behla uma omama bekhulelwe isikhathi emva kokuzalwa kwangaphambi kwesikhathi.
Umama we-preemie oyedwa unethuba elingu-15% lokuba nelinye; umama oye waba nezitha zombili ezimbili unamathuba angama-40% okuba nomunye, futhi umama oye waba nezisulu ezintathu cishe cishe amathuba angu-70 okuba nokuzalwa okungakabiphi ngaphambi kwesikhathi.
Kubalulekile ukuthi uqaphele ukuthi lezi zinombolo zihlobene kuphela nabomama ababenokuhlinzekwa kwezidingo zangempela . Abomama ababenenkinga yokukhishwa ekuqaleni noma ababelethwe ngaphambi kwesikhathi ngenxa yezizathu zezempilo abafakiwe kulezi zifundo.
Yiqiniso, kuyilapho kukuhle ukuba wazi izinto zangempela, kungenzeka ukuthi ulenga isinqumo sakho sokuba nomunye ingane kudatha esemthethweni. Ukwenza okusemandleni akho ukunciphisa ingozi yilokho okumele ugxile kukho.
Lokho Ongakwenza Ukusiza Ukuvimbela Ukuzalwa Okungakapheli Ngaphambi Kokuzalwa
Nakuba ingozi yenye i-preemie ibalulekile, ukuba ne-preemie eyodwa akusho ukuthi uzoba nomunye. Izingozi eziningi zinganciphisa noma ziqedwe ngaphambi kokuba uthathe isinqumo sokuzama futhi.
Kodwa-ke, kufanele kuqaphele ukuthi omama abaye babonisa ukubeletha kwangaphambi kokubeletha ngokwemithi bangengozini enkulu yokuzalwa kwangaphambi kwesikhathi esizayo - ngenxa yezinkinga ezifanayo zezokwelapha ezaholela ekulebeni kokuqala kwangaphambi kwesikhathi. Ucwaningo olulodwa kusukela ngo-2006 lwathola ukuthi izibalo zokubeletha kokubeletha komama onomlando wezokubeletha ngaphambi kokubeletha kubonisa ukuthi izikhathi zokubeletha zangaphambi kuka-2.5 ziphakeme ngaphezu kwalabo ababengakaze babelethe isikhathi esingaphambene nesikhathi ngokumelene nezikhathi ezingu-3.6 ngaphezulu kulabo abanomlando ukukhululwa kwangaphambili kokuqala kokuqhathaniswa neqembu ngaphandle komlando wokudilizwa kwangaphambi kwesikhathi.
- Lindela ukukhulelwa: Uma uke waba ne-preemie, ochwepheshe batusa ukulinda okungenani izinyanga ezingu-18 ngaphambi kokuzama ukukhulelwa futhi. Ingozi yokuba ne-preemie yesibili iphakeme uma ukukhulelwa kusondelene ndawonye, futhi kunciphise uma sekude kakhulu.
- Yeka ukubhema: Ukubhema ugwayi kwandisa ingozi yokuzalwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi. Ukuyeka ukubhema ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa noma ngaphambi kokukhulelwe kungenye yezindlela ezingcono zokunciphisa ingozi yokuba nokuzalwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi.
- Ukwelapha ukutheleleka kusenesikhathi: Ukuvuvukala nokutheleleka kuthatha indima ekuzalweni ngaphambi kwesikhathi. Ubuhlobo obuqondile abucacile, kodwa ochwepheshe bayavuma ukuthi noma yikuphi ukutheleleka kwama-bacterial ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa kufanele kuphathwe kusenesikhathi. Ama-antibiotics for izifo ezingekho-symptomatic, Nokho, ayinconywa.
- Gwema ukudla kwe-yo-yo: Abesifazane abalahlekelwa isisindo esikhulu phakathi kokukhulelwa banengozi enkulu yokuzalwa ngaphambi kokubeletha kwesibili. Abesifazane abanezinombolo zomzimba ezingaphansi kuka-19.8 kg / m 2 nabo bangengozi enkulu yokulethwa kwezidingo zangaphambi kwesikhathi, ngakho-ke gcina isisindo esinempilo.
- Phatha ezinye izimo zezempilo: Isifo sikashukela , ukucindezeleka kwegazi, isifo senhliziyo, nesifo sezinso konke kwandisa ingozi yokuzalwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi. Ukuphathwa kangcono kwale mibandela kunganciphisa ingozi.
Udokotela Wokungenelela
Ngeshwa, isayensi yezokwelapha ayitholanga indlela eqinisekile yokuvimbela 100% yokubeletha ngaphambi kwesikhathi. Phakathi neminyaka embalwa edlule, noma kunjalo, ucwaningo oluningi lwenziwa ngendlela yokuthola, ukuvimbela, nokuyeka ukusebenza kwangaphambili , kanti okunye okutholile okutholile kuye kwabikwa.
- Ukuthola: Ukutholakala kwamuva kuncede ikhono labodokotela ukutshela ukuthi owesifazane useyingozi yini ekulethwa kwesandulela ngculaza. I-ultrasound yomlomo wesibeletho inempumelelo enkulu ekutholeni izimpawu zakuqala zomsebenzi wokuqala, futhi ingasetshenziswa masonto angu-16. Okunye ukuhlolwa kwegazi lomama kanye nokufihla kwesisu kungasiza ukubikezela ingozi ngokunembile.
- Ukuvimbela nge-progesterone: Ukudubula kwamasonto onke we-hormone progesterone kungasiza ekuvimbeleni ukubeletha ngaphambi kwesikhathi kumama oye waba nokuzalwa kwangaphambi kokuqala. Izifo zivame ukuqala phakathi kweviki le-16 nele-20 lokukhulelwa, bese uqhubeka kuze kube amasonto angu-37.
- Ukuvimbela nge-cerclage: I- cerclage , noma ukugxila emgodini wesibeletho, isetshenziswe iminyaka eminingi ukuvimbela ukubeletha ngaphambi kokubeletha kwabesifazane abaye bahlinzekwa kokuqala kwangaphambi kwesikhathi. Ucwaningo lubonisa ukuthi i-cerclage ingase ibe usizo, futhi izifundo eziningi ziyaqhubeka.
- Ukuvimbela ukuphumula kombhede kanye nemithi: Nakuba odokotela bavame ukubeka ukuphumula kombhede kanye nemithi yabesifazane abonisa izimpawu zomsebenzi wangaphambi kokuqala, ucwaningo alukatholakali ukuthi noma yini eyenza ukuvimbela ukuzalwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi. Ucwaningo oluningi luyaqhubeka.
Ukwazi kahle ukuthi izingozi zokubeletha ngaphambi kwesikhathi nokuthi kanjani odokotela bangakuvimbela noma bayeke ngaphambi kwesikhathi bangenza ukukhetha ukukhulelwa futhi kulula kancane.
Imithombo:
I-Ananth CV, Getahun D, et al. Ukuphindaphindiwe kokuzenzekelayo ngokulandelana kwemithi okuboniswa ukuzalwa kwangaphambi kwesikhathi. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2006 Sep; 193 (3): 643-650
Amasevisi Okulawula Nokuvimbela Izifo. "Izici ze-CDC: Ukuzalwa Okungaphambi kwesikhathi." http://www.cdc.gov/Features/PrematureBirth
I-Esplin, MD, uMichael S., u-O'Brien, u-Ph.D., u-Elizabeth, uFraser, i-MPH, u-Alison, i-Kerber, i-PhD, i-Richard A., i-Clark, i-MD, i-Erin, i-Simonsen, i-RN, i-MSPH, uSara Ellis, i-Holmgren, i- MD, Calla, Mineau, PhD, Geraldine P., Varner, MD, Michael. "Ukulinganisela Ukuphindaphindiwe Kokuhlinzekwa Ngaphambi Kokuqala." I-Obstetrics ne-Gynecology Sept 2008 112: 516-523.
I-Medline Plus Medical Encyclopedia. "Izingane ezincane ngaphambi kwesikhathi." http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/article/001562.htm
Spong, MD, Catherine Y. "Ukubikezela nokuvimbela ukuzalwa kwangaphambi kokuzalwa kwangaphambi kwesikhathi." I-Obstetrics and Gynecology August 2007 110: 405-415.