Ukuqala kokuqala kokubambisana komsebenzi kanye nempilo okudingekayo ekudleni
Ukubeletha ngaphambi kokubeletha ukuzalwa komntwana ngaphambi kwamasonto angu-37 wokubeletha. Kunezici eziningi ezingase zihlanganise ukudala ukuzalwa kwangempela, futhi akunakwenzeka ngaso sonke isikhathi ukusho ukuthi yini eyenza ukuthi ukukhulelwa kuqedwe kusenesikhathi.
Izimbangela zokubeletha ngaphambi kwesikhathi zingahlukaniswa zibe izigaba ezintathu eziyinhloko: uma umsebenzi usebenza wedwa, lapho amanzi ephuza amanzi, nalapho odokotela benquma ukuthi ukuletha umntwana kunesidingo sempilo.
Izigaba ezimbili zokuqala zifana futhi zingahlanganiswa futhi zibizwa ngokuthi "ukuzalwa kwangaphambili kokuzalwa." Cubungisisa izigaba, ngezansi.
Ukuzalwa okungajwayelekile ngaphambi kwesikhathi
Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi kuqala nini, ukusebenza kuyinkimbinkimbi yochungechunge oluyinkimbinkimbi futhi engenakulinganiswa. Ekuzalweni kokuzalwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi, umsebenzi uqala ekuseni futhi odokotela abakwazi ukuyeka inqubo yokusebenza. Ukusebenza okungajwayelekile kokuqala kubangele cishe okubili kwezintathu kuzo zonke ukubeletha ngaphambi kwesikhathi.
Ekuzalweni kokuzalwa ngaphambi kokuzalwa, umsebenzi ungase uqale ngezinsizakalo ezijwayelekile zabasebenzi noma ukuphulwa kwamanzi ngamama. Uma amanzi omama ephumula ngaphambi kwamasonto angu-37, kubizwa ngokuthi ukuqhekeka ngaphambi kwesikhathi, noma i- PPROM ngesikhashana.
Ngeshwa, odokotela ngokuvamile abakwazi ukutshela ukuthi yini eyenza umama angene emsebenzini wokuqala noma abe ne-PPROM. Ngokuvamile, izingozi ezihlukahlukene zikhona. Odokotela bayazi ukuthi lezi zingozi ezilandelayo zikhulisa amathuba omama ka-PPROM noma umsebenzi omusha:
- Ukutheleleka: Olunye uhlobo lokutheleleka lukhona ezimweni eziningi zokuzalwa ngaphambi kokubeletha. Noma yiluphi uhlobo lokuvuvukala kwesimiso noma ukutheleleka kungabangela umama ukuba abe nomntanakhe ekuqaleni, kufaka phakathi izifo emlonyeni (njengegciwane lesifo), isisu, isisu, nezinso.
- Izinkinga zomlomo wesibeletho: Isibeletho esinganele noma umlomo wesibeletho esifushane ukwandisa ingozi yokuzalwa ngaphambi kokubeletha, ikakhulukazi uma umama enesibindi semisebenzi.
- Ukubhema: Noma yiluphi uhlobo lokusetshenziswa kogwayi lunandisa ingozi yomama ye-PPROM kanye nomsebenzi wokuqala. I-Nikotini ibangela imithwalo yegazi embelethweni ukuba igxile, okungavimbela izakhi nomoya ukungena kumntwana noma ukufaka isandla ekusebenzeni okuqala.
- Ukucindezeleka: Ukucindezeleka okungapheli, okwezinga eliphezulu kwengqondo kungabangela ukuthi abasebenzi baqale ekuqaleni.
- Isikhathi esifushane phakathi kokukhulelwa: Ingozi yokuzalwa kwangaphambi kokubeletha iphindwe izikhathi ezimbili kunokujwayelekile uma ukukhulelwa kungaphansi kwezinyanga eziyisithupha ngaphandle.
- Ukuphatha amawele, ama-triplets nokuningi: Ukukhulelwa kwengane engaphezu kweyodwa kubangela ukuthi isibeletho singaphezu kwesibindi, okungabangela ukuba abasebenzi baqale ekuqaleni. Izinsana ezithwele kakhulu, ziphakamisa ingozi yakho yokusebenza kwangaphambili.
- I-Genetics: Ingozi yakho yokuletha ekuqaleni iphakeme uma umama wakho noma udade wakho esebenza ekuseni, noma uma unesana esandulele ngaphambi kwesikhathi . Odokotela abaqiniseki ukuthi kungani, kodwa abamnyama futhi banda amathuba omama wokuzalwa kwasekuqaleni.
Kunezindlela eziningi odokotela abazama ngazo ukuvimbela ukusabalalisa kwasekuqaleni kumama omngcipheko. Uma usengozini yokuzalwa ngaphambi kokuzalwa, uzolandelwa udokotela wakho eduze futhi ungase udinge ukubona ochwepheshe osebenza ngokukhulelwa okuphezulu.
Ukuzalwa Kwesandulela Ngaphambi Kwemithi
Kwabaningi besifazane, ukukhulelwa kubangela ukukhathazeka okuncane.
Kwabesifazane abathile, ukukhulelwa kubangela izinkinga ezinkulu zempilo ezingasongela impilo yomama nengane. Kulezi zimo, odokotela banganquma ukuletha ingane ekuqaleni-ngisho noma umama engasebenzi. Ezinye zezizathu zezokwelapha ezivame kakhulu ukuthi kungani ingane ingazalwa ngokuqala zihlanganisa:
- I-preeclampsia: Preeclampsia yisimo esisongela ukuphila esibangela ukucindezeleka kwegazi kanye namaprotheni emcinini. Ezimweni ezimbi, kungabangela ukugubha noma ukubulala. Imithi ingasiza, kodwa ukulethwa kwengane yikhambi kuphela le-preeclampsia.
- Ukukhula komntwana okuncane kabi: Kungaba nezizathu eziningi zokuthi kungani ingane ingakhuli kahle ngaphakathi komama. Izinkinga nge-placenta, ukutheleleka okuthile, ukubeletha kwamawele amabili, noma ukuhlukunyezwa kwezakhi zofuzo emntwaneni konke kungabangela ingane ukuba ibe nomkhawulo wokukhula we-intrauterine ( IUGR ). Kwezinye izimo, ingane ingadinga ukuhanjiswa kusenesikhathi.
- Ukuphazamiseka kwamapulazi: Kwezinye ukukhulelwa, i-placenta iqala ukuhlukanisa nesisu ngaphambi kokuba umntwana azalwe. Ebizwa ngokuthi ukuphazamiseka kwamapayipi , lokhu kungabangela ukulahlekelwa kwegazi okwedlulele kumama nomntwana futhi kungabulala. Ukulethwa okuphuthumayo kwengane kuyadingeka.
- Ukucindezeleka kwesisu: Ngezinye izikhathi ingane isenkingeni ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa ngenxa yezizathu ezingase zingaziwa. Izinkinga ngezintambo, izinkinga zokugeleza kwegazi, kanye nesifo sesibindi samabele yizimbangela ezimbalwa zokucindezeleka kwesisu .
Ezinye izidakamizwa zibonise ukubeletha ngaphambi kwesikhathi kungukuzalwa okuphuthumayo lapho isinqumo sokukhululwa kufanele senziwe ngokushesha kakhulu. Ezinye zibangelwa izimo ezingapheli lapho odokotela bebukela umama nengane kakhulu eduze kwesikhathi ukuze banqume ukuthi isikhathi esihle kangakanani sokuletha umntwana.
Ngaphansi
Ngokulandela imiyalo kadokotela wakho futhi usebenze nodokotela onomuntu oseduze naye othembekile, uzokwazi ngokuqinisekile ukuthi wenza okusemandleni akho wena nomntanakho.
> Imithombo:
> Goldenberg, R., Culhane, J., Iams, J., noRomero, R. "I-Epidemiology kanye nezimbangela zokuzalwa ngaphambi kokuzalwa." I-Lancet . Jan. 2008; 371, 74-83.
> Voltolini, C. et al. "Ukuqonda ukuzalwa kwangaphambi kokuzalwa kwangasese: Kusuka ngaphansi kwezinqubo zokungenelela nokuvimbela ukuvimbela." Isayensi Yokuzala March 2013.