Ngokusho kwedatha entsha evela e-American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP), izimpumputhe zefasitela ziyisizathu esiyinhloko sokulimala ezinganeni ezingaphansi kweminyaka engu-6.
Eqinisweni, izintambo eziyimpumputhe zamehlo zilimaza izingane ezimbili ezingaphansi kweminyaka engu-6 njalo ngosuku olulodwa futhi zibulale ingane eyodwa nenyanga yonke, futhi. Nakhu okumele abazali bazi ngakho ngefasitela eliphuphuthekisa futhi lilimale ezinganeni.
Ukulimala kweWindows Window
Sekuyisikhathi eside i-AAP yazi ukuthi izintambo eziyimpumputhe zindiza zibeka ingozi yokulimala ezinganeni. Ukukhululwa kwe-AAP kuphawula ukuthi izintambo eziyimpumputhe ziyi- "ingozi yokuphepha" ezinganeni iminyaka engaphezu kwengu-70. Ngokusho kwe-US Consumer Product Safety Commission (i-CPSC), izintambo eziyimpumputhe zefasitela ziphakathi kwezinhlekelele eziyisihlanu ezifihliwe emakhaya ase-US. Ukuze uzame ukunciphisa ingozi yokulimala ezinganeni, kuye kwaba nemithethonqubo yokuzikhethela efakwe ezintanjeni eziyimpumputhe kwabakhiqizi befasitela iminyaka eminingana. Kodwa idatha entsha ukuhlaziywa kwe-AAP isiqinisekisile ukuthi imithethonqubo, ngokudabukisayo, ayanele.
Ingozi Yezimpumputhe Ze Window
Ukuzama ukusungula ukuthi izintambo eziyimpumputhe zisefasiteleni zisalokhu zibeka ingozi enkulu kubantwana abangaphansi kweminyaka engama-6, idatha ehlaziywa i-AAP e-United States kusukela ngo-1990 kuya ku-2015. Idatha evela kuMkhandlu kazwelonke we-National Electronic Injury Surveillance System kanye nolwazi lwe-In-Deepth Investigation (IDI) yolwazi.
Ngokusebenzisa idatha ehlangene, ochwepheshe bezocwaningo bakwazi ukuhlanganisa konke ukulimala nokubulawa kwabantu okwenzekile ezinganeni ezingaphansi kweminyaka engu-6 ngokuvakashelwa okuhambelana nomnyango ophuthumayo. Konke ukulimala kwenzeka njengomphumela oqondile wezintambo eziyimpumputhe zefasitela futhi hhayi kusuka kunoma yini enye, njengezindwangu zamewindi noma ama-drapes.
Idatha yembula izinga lokulimala kusuka emafasitela angama-2.7 kwabantwana abayi-100 000, konke okuholela ekuvakaseni kwamakamelo okuphuthumayo. Ngokuphelele, kubalwa izingane eziyi-16,827 ukulimala kanye nezinhlobo nezinqunto zalabo abalimalayo. Uhlobo oluvame kakhulu lokulimala kwaba ukulimala okubangelwa 'ukushaywa' ngentambo eyimpumputhe noma ingxenye yethambo. Ngokuvamile lokhu kwakubangela ukuchotshozwa kolunye uhlobo lwesikhumba somntwana, njengokunqunywa noma ukulimaza. Eziningi zalezi zinhlobo zokulimala zazingekho kakhulu futhi zalashwa.
Uhlobo olubi kakhulu lokulimala, noma kunjalo, kwaba ukulimala ngokuzibopha, okwakungamaphesenti angu-11,9 azo zonke izimo zokulimala. Izigameko eziningi ezithintekayo (amaphesenti angu-98,9) zibangelwa izintambo eziyimpumputhe futhi iningi labo lihilele intamo yengane. Ngokuvamile, ingane iboshwe emigodini yokusebenza eyimpumputhe yamafasitela (ngokuvamile ngokuvamile, ngamaphesenti angu-76,4) noma ezintambo zangaphakathi (ezingamaphesenti angu-22.1). Njengesibonelo salo hlobo luni lwezintambo, zihlanganisa zombili izintambo ezivela ezimpumputhe ezingezansi kanye namathunzi wezintandokazi noma izintambo ezisiza ukuphakamisa noma ukusika amathunzi. Kwakukhona ngisho nezimo zezingane ezibanjwe ngezintambo abazali ababezibophezele ezitokisini eziningi ngamathemba okuvimbela izingane zabo ukuba zinganamatheli.
Njengoba ungalindela, ukulimala ukulimala kanye nezigameko kwakuyingozi kakhulu ezinganeni. I-AAP ithole ukuthi izingxenye ezimbili kwezintathu zezigameko zokugwenywa ekugcineni zaholela ekufeni kwengane. Ngokubanzi, idatha yembule ukuthi sekusele ukufa komntwana oyedwa ngenyanga ngoba ngenxa yokulimala kwendwangu eyimpumputhe noma ukuboshwa.
Ubani Okusemandleni Enobungozi?
Idatha yembule ukuthi izingane ezineminyaka engaphansi kwezingu-6 zengozi enkulu yokulimala okubangelwa izintambo eziyimpumputhe, kepha izinsana zisengozini enkulu kunoma yiliphi iqembu lobudala. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi izingane ezincane zifuna ukwazi, zivame ukufuna ukuhlola indawo yazo, futhi ziqinile futhi zikwazi ukuhamba ngokwanele ukwenza izinto ezifana nefenisha esilinganiselwe noma ukukhuphuka emafasitela ewindi.
Abantwana bebesengozini enkulu ngoba abazali bebengakwazi ukuzwa uma beboshwa noma belimazekile ngentambo. Ukucabangela kwenzeka ngokuthula, njengoba umoya wabo uvaliwe, kufana nokugwinya, futhi kwenzeka ngokushesha kakhulu. Iningi lokulimala nokushona kwenzeka ngesikhathi ingane isondliwa ngumzali kodwa ishiywe yodwa imizuzu engaphansi kuka-10. Isibonelo, iningi lalezi zimo zenzeke ngemuva kokuba umzali elele ingane ukulala futhi engekho ekamelweni. Esinye isenzakalo esivamile kwakuyingane eshiywe yodwa imizuzu embalwa ibheka ithelevishini njengoba umzali ephuma egumbini, into engabazali abaningi abangayitshela ukuthi kwenzeka kwenzeka njalo.
Ngokuvamile, izinsana nazo zazijwayele ukusebenzisa ifenisha ethile ukuze zifinyelele emicengezini eyimpumputhe, futhi idatha yembula ukuthi ama-cribs noma ama-playpens, ama-couches noma ama-sofas, noma ama-windows sills ayevamile, nemibhede ibe ifenisha ejwayelekile kakhulu esetshenzisiwe.
Konke, ingane encane engu-2.2. iminyaka yayisengozini enkulu yedwa ebusuku ebusuku egumbini lakhe lokulala ngemva kokuba umzali embeke ukuba alale.
Okwenziwe Ukwehlisa Izingozi
Ngesikhathi izintambo eziyimpumputhe ezithengiswayo zitholakala kuqala ukuthi ziyingozi kubantwana emuva kweminyaka yama-1990, ngemuva kokubikwa ukuthi izingane ezingu-183 zafa, kwakukhona ukunyakaza okuzama ukuvimbela ukufa kwabantu esikhathini esizayo ngokushintsha indlela ezenziwe ngayo izintambo eziyimpumputhe. Isibonelo, ngo-1994, i-CPSC ne-Window Covering Manufacturers Association, Inc (WCMA) yenza icebo lokukhipha izingosi ezimpumpini ezimpumputhe zidonsa izintambo futhi zanikezela ngamakethi wokulungisa mahhala. Kubuye kube nokukhunjulwa okuhlukahlukene nokusungulwa kwamazinga okuphepha okuzithandela ekumbozeni amafasitela kanye nemithi yokwelapha, kodwa njengoba le datha ibonisa, ukugcina izindinganiso ngokuzithandela kusho ukuthi akuwona wonke umuntu olandela izincomo zokuphepha nokuthi akubona bonke abazali abaqaphela ukuthi izintambo eziyimpumputhe eziyingozi kungaba khona ngempela.
I-AAP iphawula ekutadisheni kwayo ukuthi izinhlobo eziningi zezintambo eziyimpumputhe zenzelwe ukuba zivikeleke uma zisetshenziswe kahle, kodwa akubona bonke abazali abazi izincomo zokuphepha futhi bafake izimpumputhe ngokufanele. Isibonelo, basichazela ukuthi izintambo eziqhubekayo zomculo, ezivame ukuthungatha ama-shades ezimele futhi ezidingayo zidinga idivayisi yokubambisana ukuze isebenze kahle. Uma ngabe le divayisi ingafakiwe noma ifakiwe ngokungalungile noma eyonakalisiwe, i-loop eqhubekayo ishiywe ilenga, ekhombisa ukulimala. I-AAP ilinganisela ukuthi kunamakhaya amaningi anezintambo eziyimpumputhe ezingaphakathi ezingenasici noma ezingenakulungiswa kahle, ngaleyo ndlela zibeka ingozi engaziwa.
Okushiwo Abazali
Indlela engcono kakhulu ongayenza ukuvimbela ukulimala noma ukufa ekungeneni kwezintambo eziyimpumputhe kungukuqeda zonke izintambo eziyimpumputhe ezivela ekhaya lakho. Ucwaningo olwakhulunywa yi-AAP lwaphawula ukuthi nakuba abazali abaningi babika ukuthi beyazi ukuthi izintambo eziyimpumputhe zisesibindi ziyingozi, ingaphansi kwengxenye yesine yazo empeleni zithathe izinyathelo zokuqinisekisa ukuthi amakhaya abo aphephile.
Ikhomishana yokuphepha komkhiqizo wase-United States ikhuthaza ukuthi abazali baqede zonke izimpumputhe zefasitela ezinezintambo emakhaya abo futhi zithathele izimpumputhe ezingenazintambo noma ezingenakutholakali. Lezi zinhlobo zezimpumputhe zitholakala kubakhiqizi abaningi bezinkampani ezinkulu zokwelashwa. Abazali kufanele bahlolisise njalo izintambo ezingenakufinyeleleka eziyimpumputhe ukuqinisekisa ukuthi azizange ziphule, zishiye izintambo zivezwe. Futhi ekugcineni, ungafaki noma yiziphi izigebengu , imibhede, noma ama-sofas eduze kwamafasitela ekamelweni izingane ezidlala ngazo noma ezilele kuzo.
Izwi elivela ku-Verywell
Izintambo eziyimpumputhe zibeka ingozi yokulimala noma ukufa kwabantwana abangaphansi kweminyaka engama-6. Abantfwana basengozini ikakhulukazi ngoba banesidingo futhi bajwayele ukuhlola indawo yabo. Ukulimala noma ukufa kungenzeka ngokusheshisa futhi ngokuthula ngenxa yenkambo yokucwenga noma ukuboshwa. I-AAP incoma ukuthi zonke izintambo eziyimpumputhe zefasitela ziqedwe. Uma ungumzali onamafasitela efasitela anezintambo eziyimpumputhe, cabangela ukufaka esikhundleni saso ngefasitela elingenawo cordless noma ezinye izinhlobo zokwelapha iwindi ezingenayo izintambo zanoma yiluphi uhlobo.
Imithombo:
Bridget Onders, Eun Hye Kim, Thitphalak Chounthirath, Nichole L. Hodges, Gary A.Smith. (2017, Disemba) Ukulimala kwezingane ezithinta izimpumputhe, ama-shades, nezintambo. I-Pediatrics , e20172359; I-DOI: 10.1542 / ama-peds.2017-2359
Isikhungo Sokwaziswa Sokuvala Ikhodi (2017). Izingane nezintambo azihlanganisi. IKhomishane Yezokuphepha Komkhiqizo Wabakwa-United StatesItholwe kusuka ku-https: //www.cpsc.gov/Safety-Education/Safety-Education-Centers/Window-Covering