Kuphephile yini ukuthi abesifazane abakhulelwe bathathe imithi yobuhlungu?
Muva nje, kuye kwaba nokukhuluma okuningi mayelana nokungenisa imithi yokuhlunguphazwa kuka-over-the-counter (OTC) ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa. Le mithi yezinhlungu ihlanganisa iTylenol (iTylenol) ne-NSAID njenge-Motrin (ibuprofen) ne-aspirin (i-acetylsalicylic acid). Ngokuqondile, uma kuthathwa ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, imithi ye-OTC ubuhlungu iye yaxhunyaniswa nemiphumela ehlukahlukene embi nemiphumela eyabonwa yintsana, kuhlanganise ne-ADHD, ukukhubazeka kwenhliziyo okungakazalwa (ukuvalwa kusenesikhathi ngaphambi kwe-patent ductus arteriosus), nokukhulelwa kwesisu.
Enye ingozi ebangela ukulimala kwemithi ye-OTC yi-cryptorchidism, noma ukwehluleka kwamathambo ezinsana kungena e-scrotum.
Nakuba singaqondi kahle ukuthi i-aspirin ne-NSAID zingabangela kanjani izivivinyo ezingavumelekile, ngokususelwa ekucwaningweni okwenziwe ezilwaneni, abacwaningi bacabanga ukuthi kunento ehlobene nokuphazanyiswa kwe-hormone ngesikhathi sezinkathi zokugqoka ezibalulekile. Sicela uhlale ukhumbule ukuthi izilwane zihlukile kubantu, futhi akuzona zonke izidakamizwa ezitholakala ezilwaneni ezihumusha ezenzweni kubantu. Noma kunjalo, izifundo zesilwane zingasinika imibono mayelana nezithinta kubantu futhi ngokuvamile ziyisinyathelo sokuqala ekufundeni okuningi ngemiphumela yomuthi kumuntu.
I-Tylenol ne-NSAID ziyi-inhibitors ye-cyclooxygenase futhi ngaleyo ndlela ziphazamisa uhlelo lwe-prostaglandin synthesis. I-Prostaglandin kungenzeka iqhaza ekufakweni kwe-androgen ne-testosterone. Ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, ukugqugquzelwa yi-androgens enjalo kuyadingeka ukuze ama-testes ahlele phansi ngokuqondile e-scrotum.
Ngokuvame ukuthi uneminyaka eyizinyanga eziyisishiyagalolunye, ama-testicles omfana usana usuwela esiqwini. Amathambo angenakunqunywa angaholela ekutheni unomdlavuza nomdlavuza we-testicular. Lapho izigumbane zomntwana zingaphumi, angase aphathwe amahomoni noma ukuhlinzwa.
Ngonyaka wezi-2010, abacwaningi baseDenmark bashicilela imiphumela evela ekutadisheni ukuhlola ukuxhumana phakathi kwe-aspirin, i-acetaminophen ne-ibuprofen esebenzisa omama abalindelekile ne-cryptorchidism ezinsaneni zabo zesilisa.
Laba baphenyi bathatha imiphumela kusuka kulwazi lokuzalwa kwabantu abangu-47 400 phakathi kuka-1996 no-2002 ngaleyo ndlela bahlonza amacala angu-980 e-cryptorchidism ebuntwaneni. Ukuze kuhlolwe ukungenisa imithi yezihlungu ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, abacwaningi basebenzisa ukuxubana kwemibuzo kanye nezimpendulo ezithintekayo futhi ezibuyiselwayo zokucela ulwazi kumama abambe iqhaza.
Abacwaningi balungiselela izinkinga ezikhona eziphazamisayo ezihlanganisa iminyaka yobudala, ukusetshenziswa kogwayi, nokungabi nabantwana. Ngaphezu kwalokho, abacwaningi baphinde babhala nge-cryptorchidism eyenzeka ezinganeni ngemva kokuphela kwesifundo. Ngenxa yokuthi i-cryptorchidism ingabonisa ngokuhamba kwesikhathi ebuntwaneni, abacwaningi basebenzisa ukuhlaziywa kokuhlaziya ukuze balinganise kamuva isethulo sama-testes angahlosiwe.
Abacwaningi bathola ukwanda okuncane kodwa okuphawulekayo engozini ye-cryptorchidism kunomama abathatha iTylenol-kodwa hhayi ama-NSAID-ngesikhathi sokuqala kweyesithathu. Lo mngcipheko wawudluliselwa nakakhulu kwabesifazane abawathatha i-acetaminophen isikhathi esingaphezu kwamasonto amane.
NgoJanuwari 2015, i-FDA ihlolisise izifundo ezikhona futhi zilinganiswe ngengozi engaba khona yokuphuza imithi kubazali abalindelekile nezingane zabo ezingakazalwa. I-FDA ithole ukuthi lezi zifundo "zinokulinganiselwa okusemandleni emiklamo yazo; ngezinye izikhathi izifundo eziqoqiwe ngesihloko eziqukethe imiphumela ephikisanayo eyasivimbela ekudwebeni iziphetho ezinokwethenjelwa." Ngamanye amazwi, i-FDA inqume ukuthi kukhona nje ubufakazi obunganele ngokwanele ngaphandle kwalokho-okufaka phakathi isifundo seDanish ngesi-cryptorchidism-ukuze kuqiniseke ukuthi imithi ye-OTC nemithi yesifo semithi yesiguli iyingozi kumama nabantwana.
Uma wena noma othandekayo uzwa ubuhlungu futhi udinga ukuthatha imithi ye-OTC noma imithi yezinhlungu ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, sicela uxhumane nodokotela wakho kuqala-ikakhulukazi uma uthatha le mithi njalo. Ubuhlungu obungapheli ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa kungabangela ukukhathazeka, ukucindezeleka, nokucindezeleka kwegazi futhi kudinga ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha. Kodwa-ke, izakhiwo ezibuhlungu zemithi yobuhlungu kufanele zilinganiswe ngokucophelela ngokumelene nanoma iyiphi ingozi engenzeka.
Encwadini yokugcina, sicela ukhumbule ukuthi ukuthatha imithi ye-OTC ubuhlungu nsuku zonke kuyinkomba ebonakalayo yenkinga enkulu kakhulu. Ubuhlungu bungaba uphawu lwento engathà sina-inkinga edinga ukwelashwa.
Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ukhulelwe noma cha, uma uthola imithi yokwelashwa njalo, sicela uxele udokotela wakho. Udokotela wakho wokunakekela oyinhloko uzokwazi ukunquma ukuthi udinga ukwelashwa okuqondile futhi akudlulisele kumchwepheshe njengoba kudingeka. Ngisho noma izidakamizwa eziningi zithengiswa ngaphandle kwemithi, lokhu akusho ukuthi baphephile. Zonke izidakamizwa zinemiphumela emibi.
Imithombo:
Jensen MS, et al. Ukusetshenziswa komama ka-Acetaminophen, i-Ibuprofen, ne-Acetylsalicylic Acid Ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa kanye nengozi ye-Cryptorchidism. Epidemiology. 2010; 21: 779-85.
Risser A, et al. I-NSAID Ukuchaza Ukuqapha. I-American Family Physician. Disemba 15, 2009.