Abantu abane-Disability Education Act (IDEA) ngumthetho we-federal ochaza amalungelo neziqondiso zabafundi abakhubazekile e-United States abadinga imfundo ekhethekile. Njengomzali, kubalulekile ukuthi uqonde i-IDEA nokuthi ungayisebenzisa kanjani ukuze usebenze nesikole sabantwana bakho.
Ukuqonda IDEA
Ngaphansi kwe-IDEA, bonke abantwana abakhubazekile banelungelo lokuFundela Imfundo Yomphakathi Yamahhala (FAPE) kwi-Environmental-Restrictive Environment (LRE).
Abanye abafundi nabo banelungelo lokuPhuthukiswa Kwangaphambi Kwesikhathi (EI) kanye Nonyaka Wesikole Owandisiwe (ESY).
Umthetho ucacisa ukuthi izikole kufanele zinikeze noma zingaphika izinsizakalo. Ikwazisa nabazali ngamalungelo abo nokuthi ungakwazi kanjani ukusebenza nesifunda esikoleni ngenzalo yomntwana wakho. Uma ingane yakho inokukhubazeka kokufunda, ukuphazamiseka, noma yiziphi ezinye izinhlobo zezidingo ezikhethekile, kubalulekile ukuthi uzijwayeze nge-IDEA.
Uma ulimi olumthetho luqukethe imithi enkulu, ungacela ummeli okhethekile wezemfundo noma omunye umuntu ojwayele umthetho wezemfundo okhethekile ukukusiza ukuwuqonda. Othisha ohlelweni lwezemfundo ekhethekile esikoleni somntanakho bangase babe nemithombo enhle yokubuza mayelana ne-IDEA.
Umnyango Wezemfundo wase-US ufingqa i-IDEA ngemigomo elula kwiwebhusayithi yayo. Iphawula ukuthi umthetho ucacisa ukuthi "kusho kanjani ama-ejensi asesidlangalaleni ahlinzeka ngokungenelela kokuqala, imfundo ekhethekile kanye nezinsizakalo ezihlobene ezinganeni ezingaphezu kwezigidi ezingu-6.5 ezifanelekile, izinsana, izingane nentsha abakhubazekile."
I-IDEA ibuye ibuye ivumele abazali bezingane ezineminyaka engu-2 nangaphansi ukuthola izinsizakalo zokungenela ngokushesha. Okwamanje, abazali bezingane ezindala - labo abaphakathi kweminyaka engu-3 no-21 - bathola imfundo ekhethekile kanye nezinsizakalo ezihlobene ngaphansi komthetho.
Kungani u-IDEA Matters
I-IDEA ibalulekile ngoba ivumela abafundi abakhubazekile ukuthola imfundo abayidingayo ukuze baphumelele.
Endabeni yabantwana abancane, i-IDEA ivumela abazali ukuba bafinyelele ezinsizakalweni ezidingekayo ukuvimbela ukukhubazeka ukufunda nokunye ukuphazamiseka ekudambiseni ngokuphelele umsebenzi wezemfundo wengane. Ngenxa yezinhlelo zokuqala zokungenelela, abazali bezingane abane-autism bangathola izinsizakalo zokusiza lezi zingane ngokuxhumana namanye amakhono okusebenzisana kusukela esemncane.
Uma izingane sezifunda esikoleni, i-IDEA iyala ukuthi othisha nezikhulu zezikole bazithathele izidingo zabo ngokuqondile. Izingane ezineziphene zokufunda azikwazi nje ukunganakwa noma ukungazinaki ezikoleni zomphakathi ngoba iziphathimandla zomthetho wesifundazwe kumele ukuthi izikole kufanele zithathe isinyathelo sokuzikhonza.
U-IDEA uphinde unikeze abazali amathuluzi okulwa uma bekholelwa esikoleni noma esifundeni sesikole benganaki izidingo zabo.
I-IDEA Ayilungile
Nakuba i-IDEA ibeka ukuvimbela izingane ezinesidingo esikhethekile ekubandlululweni, akuyona umthetho ophelele. Kuyinto engavamile kubazali bezingane ezinokufunda noma ukukhubazeka ngokomzimba kanye nezinye izinselelo zokukhalaza izikhalazo. Kwezinye izimo, bacabanga ukuthi izikole zinciphisa izindleko noma zithatha ezinye izinyathelo ezimbi ezingathinteki kakhulu ekufinyeleleni kwengane yabo emfundweni yamahhala nefanelekile.
Uma ucabanga ukuthi isikole sakho siphule i-IDEA, thintana nommeli wakho wezemfundo ekhethekile, ummeli noma uMnyango Wezemfundo wase-US. Ungaphinda ujoyine izinhlangano ezakhiwe ngabazali ukuthola ukwesekwa okudingekayo ukuze ufunde uhlelo lwakho lwemfundo ekhethekile yesifunda sakho.