Abazali banezo zonke amathuluzi abadinga ukusiza ingane yabo ukwakha ukuzimela
Ezweni lezidingo ezikhethekile, amakhono ayisisekelo abizwa ngokuthi i-Adaptive Living Skills, noma i-ADL. Amakhono aphakeme kakhulu, njengokwenza izingubo zokugqoka, ukubamba ibhasi, noma ukulandela isimiso sosuku nosuku, ngezinye izikhathi kuthiwa Amakhono Okuphila noma Amakhono Okuphila Kwansuku zonke. Nakuba lezi zakhono zingabalulekile ekusindeni, zibaluleke kakhulu kunoma ubani ohlela ukusebenza futhi abuyele emphakathini wanamuhla.
Wonke umuntu udinga amakhono athile ukuze athole usuku lonke. Amakhono ahlobene nokudla, ukugqoka, nokuhlanzeka yizinto ezidingekayo kunoma ubani ofuna ukuphila ngisho nokuphila okuzimele. Ngaphezu kwamakhono ayisisekelo kakhulu amakhono amaningi esiwasebenzisa nsuku zonke ukuhamba impilo ekhaya nasemphakathini.
Iningi labantu lifunda i-ADL kanye namakhono amaningi okuphila kwansuku zonke ebusheni. Bafunda ngokusebenzisa inhlanganisela yemfundo, ukulingisa, nokulingwa kanye nephutha. Isibonelo, ingane ingase ifunde ukugeza umzimba ngokukhumbula isipiliyoni sokugeza, ngokulingisa izenzo zomzali, nangokuzibonela ukuthi uma ugijima amanzi ashisayo kakhulu isikhathi eside amanzi azoshisa kakhulu ukuze aduduze.
Okwenza Amakhono Okuphila Afundiswe Ngokungafani Nezingane Ezinezidingo Ezikhethekile
Izingane ezinezidingo ezikhethekile ezifana ne- autism , ukukhubazeka kokufunda , noma i- ADHD , zifunde ngokuhlukile ezinganeni ezivamile.
Kungenxa yokuthi izingane ezinezidingo ezikhethekile:
- Ngeke uhlakulele amakhono okulingisa kuze kube yilapho sekudlula isilinganiso-noma cha.
- Mhlawumbe ungathuthuki ikhono lokuqonda nokuziveza ngolimi olukhulunywe kuze kufike isikhathi eside kunesilinganiso-noma cha nhlobo.
- Mhlawumbe ungahlakuleli isifiso "sokufana nje" noma ukujabulisa omunye umuntu ngamakhono namakhono abo.
- Kungakuthola kunzima ukulandela imilayezo ekhulunywayo-ikakhulukazi uma imfundo ihlanganisa izinyathelo ze-multiples.
- Kungenzeka ungaqapheli ukuthi yini "elindelekile" noma "evamile" yokuziphatha.
- Kungenzeka ukuthi ayinalo ikhono lokugxila emisebenzini isikhathi eside.
- Kungaba lula ukukhungatheka.
- Kungaba nezinselelo ezinengqondo noma ezinokwazi ukuma endleleni yokuphumelela.
Uma ingane yakho inezinye noma zonke lezi zinselelo, zingase zingabi "ukuthola" amakhono okuphila nsuku zonke njengoba ontanga yabo eqhubekayo eyenzayo. Kodwa lokho akusho ukuthi abakwazi ukufunda okuningi noma ngisho nalawo wonke amakhono ngendlela efanele yokufundisa.
Indlela Amakhono Okuphila Afundiswa Ngayo Izingane Ezinezidingo Ezikhethekile
Othisha, abahlengikazi nabazali baye bahlakulela isethi yamasu ukuthi, ndawonye noma ngokwehlukana, angasebenza kakhulu ekufundiseni amakhono okuphila ezinganeni ezinesidingo esikhethekile. Futhi izindaba ezinhle ukuthi lezi zindlela zingasebenza ngokulinganayo ekufundiseni cishe nganoma yiliphi ikhono kumuntu noma ubani-kungakhathaliseki ukuthi amakhono abo noma izinselelo zabo.
Isinyathelo sokuqala: Ukuhlaziywa komsebenzi. Ukuhlaziywa komsebenzi kuyinkqubo yokudiliza noma yimuphi umsebenzi owenziwe ezindaweni zayo ezingxenyeni. Isibonelo, ukuxubha amazinyo kufaka phakathi ukuthola ibhuloho lamazinyo, umuthi wokugcoba umuthi kanye nekomishi, ukubeka i-toothpaste ebhulashi, ukuxubha amazinyo aphansi, ukuhlanza, ukuxubha amazinyo aphezulu, ukuhlanza, ukuhlanza ibhulashi, nokubeka yonke imishini kahle.
Isinyathelo Sesibili: Ukudala Umhlahlandlela Wokubukwa. Abazali abaningi benza iziqondiso ezibonakalayo zokusiza izingane zabo ngezidingo ezikhethekile ukuba zizwakale, zikhumbule futhi zikhululeke ngezinyathelo ezihilelekile emsebenzini. Umhlahlandlela obukwayo ungafaka izithombe noma izithombe zesitayela zezithombe zesitayela zesinyathelo ngasinye kwinqubo.
Isinyathelo sesithathu: Ukukhuthaza nokuqhuma . Ekuqaleni, ingane enezidingo ezikhethekile ingadinga usizo olukhulu ekukhunjweni nasekuqedeni kahle isinyathelo ngasinye emsebenzini. Ukukhuthaza kungabandakanya usizo lwezandla, ngesandla. Njengoba befunda, abazali bazoqala "ukuphefumula" okuphazamisayo. Okokuqala, bazoyeka ukusebenzisa usizo ngesandla, futhi esikhundleni salokho bahlinzeke ngamazwi kuphela ("ungakhohlwa ukuhlanza i-toothbrush!").
Bese-ke bazoqala ukuqeda ngisho nezimpendulo zomlomo. Uma kungekho okudingekayo, ingane ifunde umsebenzi!
Amathuluzi engeziwe wokufundisa
Kuye ngokuthi ingane yakho ethile ifunda kanjani, kunezinto ezimbalwa ezengeziwe ezingasiza. Lawa mathuluzi ayasiza kakhulu ngamakhono aphakeme kakhulu adinga ukuthi ingane ihlanganyele nabantu kanye nokulindela emphakathini omude. Lokhu kufaka:
Chaining. Yonke imisebenzi ihilela uchungechunge lwezinyathelo ezisebenza njengezixhumanisi kulayini. Isibonelo, awukwazi ukuxubha amazinyo akho uze ufake i-toothpaste ku-shayela. Abanye abantu bakhuthaza ingane yabo ngesinyathelo ngasinye kulolu chungechunge, bese uqala ukususa izixhumanisi njengoba ingane ifunda. Okokugcina, ingane ingakwazi ukuqedela lo msebenzi ngokukhumbuza okulula.
Izindaba Zezenhlalo . Izindaba zezenhlalakahle ziyisinyathelo esivela kumhlahlandlela obonwayo ochaziwe ngenhla. Kunokuba nje ubhale izinyathelo, abazali basebenzisa izithombe namazwi ukuchaza "ukuziphatha okulindelwe." Izindaba eziningi zenhlalo zenziwe ngezifiso kumuntu ngamunye. Isibonelo: "Njalo ekuseni ekuseni emva kokudla kwasekuseni, uJohnny uhlambalaza amazinyo. Okokuqala, uJohnny ugogoda emnyango wokugezela. Uma kungekho muntu ngaphakathi, uJohnny angangena" njalonjalo. Abazali bangafunda indaba yezenhlalakahle noJohnny njengamanje njengoba kudingeka kuze kube yilapho uJohnny eyazi ngenhliziyo futhi angaqedela zonke izinyathelo ngaphandle kokukhuthaza.
Ukufaniswa kwevidiyo . Izingane eziningi ezinezidingo ezikhethekile ziyizifundi ezibukwayo, futhi abaningi bafunda kahle ngamavidiyo. Amamodeli wevidiyo angathengwa eshalofini, alandiwe kusuka ku-Inthanethi, noma adalwe ingane ngayinye. Bangabonisa abadlali benza umsebenzi, noma bangabonisa ngempela ingane ngokwayo njengoba ehamba nale nqubo. Kungasiza futhi ukwenza ividiyo yengane yakho ukuze ibuke futhi ibone noma yimaphi amaphutha akwenzile.
Izinhlelo zokusebenza. Izingane ezindala, noma izingane ezinenkinga enzima, zingase zithole izinsiza zokusebenza eziphathekayo ezenzelwe ukuziqondisa ngemisebenzi ethile noma okuhlangenwe nakho. Bangase futhi bazuze kwikhalenda eyisisekelo nokuhlela izinhlelo zokusebenza ezizisiza ukuba zihlele isikhathi sabo.
Izwi elivela ku-Verywell
Wonke amathuluzi achazwe ngenhla asetshenziswa ngabahlengikazi nabafundisi kodwa konke kulula ukuthola noma ukudala, futhi enembile ukuyisebenzisa. Njengomzali, ungaphezu kokufaneleka ukusiza izidingo zakho ezikhethekile ingane ukuba ithuthukise amakhono adinga ukuzimela!
> Imithombo:
> Duncan AW, Bishop SL. Ukuqonda igebe phakathi kwamakhono okucabangela kanye namakhono okuphila nsuku zonke kubantwana abane-autism spectrum eziphazamiseka ngokuhlakanipha okuphakathi. I-Autism . Novemba 2013.
> USarris, uMarina. Amakhono okuphila nsuku zonke: isihluthulelo sokuzimela kubantu abane-autism. I-Interactive Autism Network e-Kennedy Krieger Institute. Iwebhu. Ngo-Ephreli 10, 2014.