Ezinye zivela ezinyangeni ezingu-6
Kulula ukuqonda ukuthi kungani enye yezinkathazo ezinkulu kakhulu abazali abaningi ukuthi ingane yabo izokwakha i-autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Okokuqala, inani lezingane ezixilongwa nge-ASD liye landa kancane. Ngo-2014, i-Centers for Disease Control and Prevention yabika ukuthi enye yezingane ezingama-68 zitholwe ukuthi zine-ASD; ngo-2000, lesi sigameko sasiyi-150.
Abanye ochwepheshe bakholelwa ukuthi ukuphakama kwezimo ze-ASD kubonisa ukukhula okuqondayo kwalokho ukugula okubukekayo, kanye nokushintsha kwezinqubo zokuzihlola, okwenze kube lula ukuxilonga amacala akhona we-ASD kunokuba isifo sofuzo. Kodwa ngisho noma i-autism "ingeyona" ngempela, ithemba lokubhekana nezinselelo eziningi ezinganeni ezibhekene ne-autism zibuhlungu. Uma ungumzali okhathazeka ukuthi ingane yakho ibonisa izimpawu ze-autism, noma ngubani ofuna ukuqiniseka ukuthi wazi ukuthi yini okumele uyibuke esikhathini esizayo, kuyasiza ukwazi ukuthi yiziphi izimpawu zokuqala ze-autism.
Kubalulekile futhi ukuqonda ukuthi ngokuvamile uma umntwana ekhula futhi ekhula ngendlela evamile, ukuba nesibonakaliso esisodwa noma ukuziphatha okuhambisana ne-ASD cishe akusho ukuthi unesifo. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi uqaphele ukuthi uthuthuka kanjani nokuthi ngabe uhlangabezana nezinyathelo ezijwayelekile zokuthuthukiswa okulindelwe ngesikhathi sakhe.
Izimpawu ze-Autism ezinganeni nabantwana
Enye into ecasulayo nge-ASD yukuthi ngokuvamile ayitholakali kuze kube yilapho ingane iseneminyaka engama-3 ubudala. Lokhu kusho ukuthi ingane ene-autism engase izuze ekungeneni kokuqala ngeke ithole ukwelashwa okubalulekile ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka.
Kodwa-ke, abanye ochwepheshe bakholelwa ukuthi izingane eziningi ezine-autism ziqala ukubonisa izimpawu zakudala ze-ASD ngaphambi kokuzalwa kwazo kwezintathu.
Izimpawu ze-autism emntwaneni zihlanganisa:
- hhayi ukumomotheka izinyanga ezingu-6
- hhayi ukuchofoza, ukukhomba, noma ukusebenzisa ezinye izenzo ngezinyanga ezingu-12
- hhayi ukusebenzisa amagama angashadile ngezinyanga ezingu-16
- hhayi ukusebenzisa izinkulumo zamagama amabili ngezinyanga ezingu-24
- ukuhlukunyezwa ekuthuthukiseni, ngokulahlekelwa kolimi noma amakhono omphakathi
- ukuvimbela ekubanjweni ngumzali noma umnakekeli ukugwema ukuthintana ngokomzimba
- ukugwema ukuxhumana kwamehlo nabanye
- kubonakala kungaboni lapho abantu beza behamba
Khumbula ukuthi ezinye izibonakaliso nezimpawu ze-autism ziyahambisana nezinye izimo. Isibonelo, ukubuya emuva kungase kube uphawu lwe-reflux ye- gastroesophageal kunokuba i-autism, nakuba ingane ene reflux ngokuvamile izoba nezinye izimpawu ezifana nokukhathazeka nokuphalaza.
Ukuthembela Kwezikhathi Zakho
Uma nganoma yisiphi isizathu uzizwa umntanakho angase abe nezimpawu ze-autism zakudala-ukuthi ngabe ubonisa ezinye zezimo ezichazwe ngenhla noma uzizwa nje okuthile akulungile-ukhulume nodokotela wezingane ngokuzihlola. Enye yezinto ezicindezelayo ezenzeka lapho abazali becabanga ukuthi kukhona okungalungile ukuthuthukiswa kwengane yabo ukuthi bangatshelwa ukuthi "bangakhathazeki" noma ukuthi "kufanele balinde".
Ochwepheshe bacabanga ukuthi kungcono abazali ukuba bathemba izilo zabo futhi bahlole ingane yabo uma becabanga ukuthi awakhulumi ngendlela evamile.
I-website ethi First Signs.org incoma ukuthi uthathe lezi zinyathelo ezine uma ukhathazekile:
- Hlanganisa uhlu lokubaluleka kwezinyathelo zokuthuthuka ozizwayo ukuthi ingane yakho ayifuni ukwabelana nodokotela wezingane zakho. Yisho ngokuqondile ngalokho okubonayo (noma ungakuboni): "Umntanami akasaphenduli uma ngisho igama lakhe," isibonelo.
- Cacisa ngokukhathazeka kwakho okuqondile. Uma udokotela ebonisa ukuthatha indlela yokulinda nokubona, cela isicelo sokudluliselwa kudokotela wezingane othuthukile.
- Ngemuva kokuba ingane yakho ihlolwe, cela imibuzo eminingi njengoba kuthatha ukuba uqonde imiphumela, ukuthi kusho ukuthini, nokuthi kungcono kanjani ukuqhubeka.
- Uma ukuhlola kubonisa ukuthi ingane yakho ingasengozini yokuthuthukisa i-ASD, landela phezulu. Kungaba yikholwa kanzima noma wamukele lokhu kungenzeka, kodwa ungavumeli imizwelo yakho ikuvimbele ekutholeni usizo ngokushesha. Ukwelashwa kwangasese kungenza umehluko omkhulu endleleni ingane yakho isabela ngayo ekwelapheni.
Umthombo:
Umbiko wezokwelapha we-American Academy of Pediatrics. "Ukukhomba nokuhlola kwezingane ezine-Autism Disecters Disorders." Izingane zokwelapha 2007 120: 1183-1215.