Ukuqonda Izinqubo ze-IVF, Izingozi, Izindleko & Izindleko Zempumelelo
I-IVF imele ukufaka umanyolo we- in vitro , okusho ngokwezwi nezwi ukuthi "emkhathini wokubeletha." Ngokunakekelwa kwe-IVF, iqanda lihlwanyelwa umuthi esitsheni se-petri. Ngokujwayelekile, amaqanda amaningi athathwa kumama wezinto eziphilayo (okungenzeka ukuthi angaba ngumzali ohlosiwe noma okungenjalo), njengoba akuzona zonke amaqanda azofaka umanyolo, futhi akuzona zonke amaqanda okukhulelwa azoba umbungu osebenza kahle.
Ezinsukwini ezimbalwa emva kokukhulelwa, i- embryo noma imibungu enhle kakhulu idluliselwa kumama noma kwesibeletho sangasese nge-catheter phakathi kwesibeletho.
Noma yimiphi imibungu engaphezulu ingase ibe ne- cryopreserved emigqeni yesikhathi esizayo.
I-IVF isetshenziswa nini?
Ngenxa yokuthi amaqanda atholakala ngokuqondile kuma-ovari, futhi umbungu udluliselwa esibelethweni nge-cervix, i-IVF ayidingi ama-tublopian tubes avulekile, acacile. Abesifazane abanezigaxa ze-fallopian ezivinjiwe bangasebenzisa i- IVF ukuze bafeze ukukhulelwa.
I-IVF isetshenziselwa ukuhlukunyezwa kwamadoda okungenakunqotshwa ukwelashwa kwe-IUI noma ezinye izifo. Kwezinye izimo, amadoda angenayo isidoda esiswini sabo angase abe nesidakamizwa esibuyiselwa ngqo kusuka kwamagundane noma ama-deferens. Amadoda anesibalo esincane sembewu angase athole ukuphumelela kokwelapha nge-IVF.
I-IVF ingase isetshenziswe kanye ne- ICSI , okubandakanya ukuthatha isidoda esisodwa bese uyijoqa ngqo eqenjini. Naphezu kokuba isidoda sishaye ngqo eqanda, ukukhulelwa kusalokhu kuqinisekisiwe, kodwa ithuba lokukhulelwa liphakeme kakhulu nge-ICSI kunalutho kulabo abadinga le nqubo.
I-IVF ingase isetshenziswe nasezintweni zokungazalwa kahle komuntu, abesifazane abadinga ukusebenzisa iqanda noma abanikeli bombungu, labo abasebenzisa isivumelwano sendabuko noma abathintekayo abathintekayo, noma emva kokunakekelwa okuningi kokwelashwa okungahluleki .
Inqubo
Inqubo ye-IVF ingase ihluke kancane kubantu abahlukene, kuye ngokuthi yiziphi ubuchwepheshe bokubeletha ezisizwayo ezisetshenzisiwe nokuthi ngabe amaqanda noma ama- egg donor noma ama-embryo anganikelekile noma cha.
Kukhona nezinye izimo eziholela emjikelezweni okhanselwa phakathi, mhlawumbe ngenxa yokuthi ama-follicle akwanele akhule noma ngenxa yengozi enkulu ye- ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) .
Lokho kusho ukuthi lokhu kuyindlela yokuhlola okuyisisekelo yenqubo.
Ngokuvamile, lo wesifazane uzoqala ukuthatha amaphilisi okulawula ukubeletha noma imithi ejojelwayo evimbela ukuvuthwa komjikelezo ngaphambi kokunakekelwa , ukuvala umjikelezo ojwayelekile wesifazane ovulisayo. Lokhu kungukuthi udokotela angakwazi ukulawula i-ovulation futhi angalahlekelwa amaqanda ngaphambi kokubuyiswa. Ngemuva kokuqala kwegazi kanye ne-ultrasound, lona wesifazane uzoqala ukuthatha imithi yokuvuselela i-ovulation, ngokuvamile i- gonadotropin .
Kusetshenziswa i- IVF , i- Clomid noma ayikho imithi evuselela i-ovulation, kodwa lokhu akuvamile. Umtholampilo uzoqapha ukukhula kwama- follicle namazinga e-hormone nge-ultrasound kanye negazi ukusebenza izinsuku eziningi kakhulu.
Uma izintambo zibukeka zilungele, lo wesifazane uzothola umjovo we- hCG ukuvuthwa kwamaqanda. Ukubuyiswa kweqanda kuzohlelwa inombolo ekhethekile kakhulu yamahora ngemva kokujola, lapho owesifazane eyokwamukela i-IV sedation futhi amaqanda azobuyiselwa ngenaliti eqondiswa yi-ultrasound ngokusebenzisa udonga lwangasese.
Ngesikhathi lo wesifazane ethatha isisindo sokuqanda amaqanda, le ndoda izobe isinike isampula sezinyosi.
Ngezinye izikhathi lokhu kwenziwa kanye ngesikhathi sokubuyiselwa futhi esikhathini esithile ngaphambi kokuthola usuku (futhi luqhwa), uma kwenzeka izinkinga noma ukukhathazeka ekwakheni isampula.
Ijaji lizobhekana nenqubo ekhethekile yokuhlanza, futhi amaqanda azobekwa endaweni ekhethekile. I-sperm izobekwa ngamaqanda, ngethemba lokuthi ukukhulelwa kuzokwenzeka.
Ezinsukwini ezimbalwa kamuva, isisu sokubeletha sizosiza ukukhetha imibuthano enomsoco kunawo wonke, uma ikhona, nodokotela wakho wokubeletha uyosiza ukunquma ukuthi zingaki izimbungu ezizodluliselwa . Ama-embrosi e-Leftover angase aguqulwe ngomjikelezo olandelayo, anikwe omunye umbhangqwana, noma aphonswe.
Isilinganiso Sempumelelo
Ithuba lakho lokuphumelela kwe- IVF lizoxhomekeka ezinhlobonhlobo zezici, kufaka phakathi iminyaka yakho, imbangela (s) yokungazalwa kwakho, noma ngabe amaqanda anikezelayo asetshenzisiwe noma cha, imiphumela yezokwelapha yangaphambilini, kanye nolwazi lomtholampilo ngezidingo zakho ezithile.
Lokhu kusho, ngokuvamile, ukwelashwa kwe-IVF kunamanani amahle kakhulu okuphumelela. Ngokwezibalo zango-2009 eziqoqiwe yiNhlangano Yezosizo Zokubeletha Ezokusiza (SART), kwabesifazane abangaphansi kuka-35, iphesenti yokuzalwa okuphilayo ngokujikeleza kwe-IVF yayingamaphesenti angaba ngu-41.
Amanani okuphumelela ayancipha ngeminyaka, ngamaphesenti angu-12 okuphumelela kwabesifazane abaneminyaka yobudala engama-41 kuya ku-42.
Ukuphepha
I-IVF ivame ukuphephile, kodwa njengenqubo yokwelapha, kunezingozi. Udokotela wakho kufanele ahlale nawe futhi achaze yonke imiphumela emibi kanye nezingozi zenqubo ngayinye.
I-Ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) yenzeka ngamaphesenti angu-10 abesifazane abasebenzisa ukwelashwa kwe-IVF. Kwabesifazane abaningi, izimpawu ziyoba mnene futhi zizophola kalula. Ngamaphesenti amancane, i-OHSS ingaba yingozi futhi ingadinga ukunakekelwa esibhedlela. Amaphesenti angaphansi kwe-1 abesifazane asebenzisa iqanda lokubuyiselwa kwamaqanda bazobhekana ne-blood clots noma ukwehluleka kwezinso ngenxa ye-OHSS.
Ukubuyiswa kwamaqanda kungabangela ukuphazamiseka nokungahambi kahle ngesikhathi noma emva kwenkambiso, kodwa abesifazane abaningi bazozizwa bengcono ngosuku noma ngaphezulu. Izinkinga ezinzima zihlanganisa ukukhishwa ngeso lengqondo kwesisindo, isifuba noma imithwalo yegazi; ukutheleleka kwe-pelvic; noma ukuphuma e-ovary noma ezenzweni ze-pelvic.
Uma ukutheleleka kwe-pelvic kwenzeka, uzokwelashwa ngama-antibiotic emithi. Ezimweni ezingavamile zokutheleleka okunzima, isisu, ama-ovari noma amashubhu angamaqhinga angadinga ukuthi asuswe ngokuhlinzwa.
Ukudlulisa embryo kungabangela ukuchofoza okuncane ngesikhathi senqubo. Ngokuvamile, abesifazane bazophinde babone ukuchotshozwa, ukuphuma, noma ukubona ngemuva kokudluliselwa. Ezimweni ezingavamile kakhulu, ukutheleleka kungenzeka. Ukutheleleka kuvame ukwelashwa ngama-antibiotics.
Kunengozi yokuphindaphinda, okufaka amawele, ama-triplets, noma ngaphezulu. Ukukhulelwa okuningi kungaba yingozi kokubili abantwana kanye nonina. Kubalulekile ukuxoxisana nodokotela wakho ukuthi izimbungu eziningi zingadlulisela kanjani, njengoba ukudlulisela okungaphezu kwalokho okudingekile kuzokwandisa ingozi yokukhulelwa amawele noma ngaphezulu.
Olunye ucwaningo luye lwabona ukuthi IVF ingabangela ingozi yezinye izifo ezingavamile zokubeletha, kodwa ingozi isencane kakhulu. Ucwaningo luye lwafumanisa nokuthi ukusetshenziswa kwe-ICSI ne-IVF, ezimweni ezithile zokungazalwa komuntu , kungandisa ingozi yokungabi nabantwana kanye nokukhubazeka kokuzalwa ngokobulili kwabantwana besilisa. Le nengozi, namanje, isesezingeni eliphansi (ngaphansi kwamaphesenti angu-1 akhulelwe i-IVF-ICSI).
Ukukhulelwa kwe-IVF
I-IVF inengozi enkulu yokukhulelwa izimpande, futhi ukukhulelwa okuningi kuthwala izingozi zomama nabantwana. Izingozi zokukhulelwa kaningi zibandakanya ukuqashwa kwabasebenzi ngaphambi kwesikhathi , ukukhulelwa kwesisu, ukubelethwa kwesigaba se-C , ukukhulelwa kubangele ukucindezelwa kwegazi eliphezulu, nesifo sikashukela sokukhulelwa .
Ucwaningo luye lwathola ukuthi abesifazane abakhulelwa nge-IVF banamathuba amaningi okuthola umsebenzi ngaphambi kwesikhathi , ngisho nangomntwana ongasaboni.
Abesifazane abakhulelwe nge-IVF bangase babe nokuzibonela ekukhulelweni kokuqala , nakuba kungenzeka ukuthi bazokwazi ukuxazulula ngaphandle kokulimala ekukhulelweni.
Ingozi yokukhulelwa kwesisu ifana nabesifazane abakhulelwe ngokwemvelo, benengozi yokukhuphuka ngeminyaka. Kwabesifazane abasebasha eminyakeni engama-20, isilinganiso sokukhulelwa kwesisu singaphansi kwamaphesenti angu-15, kanti nakuba besifazane abangaphezu kuka-40, isilinganiso sokukhulelwa kwesisu singaba ngaphezu kwamaphesenti angama-50.
Kukhona ingozi yamaphesenti amabili kuya kwangu-4 e- ectopic pregnancy ne- IVF design .
Izindleko
Izindleko ezijwayelekile ze-IVF yi-$ 12,000, kodwa lokhu kungahlukahluka kuye ngokuthi yiziphi ubuchwepheshe ezisetshenziswayo. I-IVF ne-egg donation iyona ebiza kakhulu, kanti umjikelezo owodwa uvela kuma- $ 25,000 kuya ku-30,000.
> Imithombo:
> Ubuchwepheshe bokukhiqiza obusekelwe: Umhlahlandlela weziguli. I-American Society of Medicine Yokuzala. http://www.asrm.org/uploadedFiles/ASRM_Content/Resources/Patient_Resources/Fact_Sheets_and_Info_Booklets/ART.pdf
> Imibiko Yombiko We-Clinic Summary. Umphakathi Wezobuchwepheshe Zokuzala Ezixhaswe. https://www.sartcorsonline.com/rptCSR_PublicMultYear.aspx?ClinicPKID=0
> Izingozi ze-In vitro Fertilization (IVF) I-Fact Fact Sheet Sheet. I-American Society of Medicine Yokuzala. http://www.asrm.org/uploadedFiles/ASRM_Content/Resources/Patient_Resources/Fact_Sheets_and_Info_Booklets/risksofivf.pdf