Ezweni lokuzala, i-vitrification isetshenziselwa ukuchithwa kwamaqanda, ama-embry, kanye nesidoda. Ngokuvamile, i-vitrification iyindlela yokuguqula into ibe yinto efana nengilazi. Ivela emthonjeni weLatini i-vitreum , okusho ingilazi. I-Vitrification technology isetshenziselwa ukuguqula isihlabathi sibe ingilazi, ukunikeza izimbiza ze-ceramic ukubukeka kwayo okugqamile, nokuqinisa imfucuza ye-nyukliya ukulahlwa okuphephile.
I-Vitrification iye yathuthukisa impumelelo ye-cryopreservation. Izindlela ezindala zihilela ukuhamba kancane, kuyilapho i-vitrification ishesha kakhulu.
Kanjani okusheshayo? Phakathi ne-vitrification, i-embryo noma iqanda ikhohliwe yizinkulungwane zama-degree ngeminithi.
Kuyini i-Vitrification? Isebenza kanjani?
Kuze kube yamuva, indlela kuphela yama-oocyte okuqandisa (noma amaqanda angafakiwe) kwakuyindlela encwebezelayo. Lokhu kusebenza kahle ngokuqandisa isidoda noma imibungu. Kodwa-ke, amaqanda, inqubo encane yokuqhwala inezinkinga eziningi.
Amakristalu e-Ice ayeyinkinga enkulu. Amaqanda aqukethe amanzi amaningi, uma kuqhathaniswa nesidoda ngisho nemibungu. Amaqanda amahhala aholela ekwakheni i-crystal. La makristalu aphula iqanda.
Ukuze kusize ukunciphisa inani lama-crystals e-ice, ososayensi bazosusa amanye amanzi. Kodwa akunakwenzeka ukususa wonke amanzi.
Lapho amaqanda ehlushwa, awonakele futhi angenakusetshenziswa njalo. Izitshalo zokukhulelwa kanye nokukhulelwa kwala maqanda aphethwe amaqhwa aphansi.
Nge-vitrification, inqubo yokuqandisa iminyana ngokushesha kangangokuthi ama-crystals e-ice angenalo ithuba lokwenza. I-Vitrification yenza iqanda liphoqelele ukhetho olungcono kakhulu lwabesifazane.
I-Vitrification nayo isetshenziselwa i-embryo ne-cryopreservation yesilisa. Ucwaningo luqhubeka, kodwa kuze kube manje, izinga lokukhulelwa libonakala liphakeme nge-vitrification.
I-vitrification yamaqanda isebenza kanjani?
I-Vitrification yamaqanda idinga ukugxila okuphezulu kwama-cryopreservants, noma i-substance-anti-frozen substance. Ngenxa yokuthi ukulwa nokuqhwala kungase kube yingozi kuneqanda, inqubo idinga ukunakekelwa okukhethekile.
I-oocyte ifakwa kuqala ekugezeni nge-concentration engezansi ephikisayo. Isixazululo sine-sucrose, noma ushukela, ukusiza ukudonsa amanzi ngaphandle kweqanda. Ngokulandelayo, iqanda lifakwa ebhodini eliqhelelisiwe lokulwa nokuqhwaza okungaphansi komzuzu owodwa, ngenkathi ishaywa ngokushesha.
Amaqanda angagcinwa emahhalafrijini akhethekile e-cryogenic, okwenzelwe le njongo. Amaqanda agcinwe ezinsikeni ezincane.
Uma sekuyisikhathi sokukhipha amaqanda, i-oocyte kufanele ifudumale ngokushesha futhi isuswe kusixazululo ngokushesha.
Uma usuqedile, iqanda lingakhulelwa nge- IVF nge- ICSI . I-ICSI ihilela ukuthatha isidoda esisodwa futhi uyijobe ngokuya eqanda. I-IVF evamile ayinakwenzeka ngoba inqubo yokuqhwaza inzima amaqanda angaphandle kwendwangu.
I-Vitrification Isetshenziswa Nini?
I-Vitrification ingasetshenziselwa ukubola imibungu, amaqanda, i-sperm, ngisho nezicubu ze-ovarian.
Izimo lapho kusetshenziswe khona i-vitrification:
Ukulondoloza ukwelashwa ngaphambi kokwelashwa komdlavuza: ezinye zokwelashwa komdlavuza zibangela ukubola.
Uma owesifazane eqanda amaqanda akhe, noma umuntu ekhulula isisu sakhe, angakwazi ukusebenzisa iqanda noma isidoda ngemva kokwelashwa komdlavuza ukuba nengane.
I-ovarian iziqhumane zomzimba ziwubuchwepheshe obusha, okusiza kakhulu amantombazane amancane.
Uma engakafiki ekukhuleni, akunakwenzeka ukuthola amaqanda avuthiwe kusuka kuma-ovari. Noma kunjalo, izicubu ze-ovariya zingaqhwa. Le nqubo isacwaningo.
Isimo sezokwelapha esingaba nomthelela wokuzala esikhathini esizayo: uma owesifazane esengozini yokuya esikhathini sokuqala noma ukungaqiniseki kokuqala kwe-ovarian (owaziwa nangokuthi ukuhluleka kwe-ovarian ngaphambi kwesikhathi), angakwazi ukuqeda amaqanda akhe lapho esencane futhi esenayo amaqanda aphilile.
Hlela imibungu emva kwe-IVF : Noma yikuphi ama-embryos engeziwe asele ngesikhathi sokujikeleza kwe-IVF angagcinwa nge-vitrification.
Kuze kube manje, ucwaningo luye lwathola impumelelo enkulu ngama-embryos efriziwe nge-vitrification, ngokumelene nenqubo ephuthumayo.
Ama-egg donor amabhange: Kwakujwayele ukuthi uma udinga ama- egg donor ye-IVF, umnikeli wayefanele ahambe ngenqubo yokwelashwa yenzalo ngesikhathi esifanayo. Kwakuhilela ukulawula imijikelezo yakho yombili ukuba ifike ngesikhathi esifanayo.
Kuyinkqubo ebiza futhi eyinkimbinkimbi.
Abantu basenza imijikelezo "yabashayeli abasha". Kodwa ngamabhange amaqanda, ngenxa yobunjiniyela be-vitrification, ungathola amaqanda aseqanda amaqanda angasebenzisa phakathi ne-IVF. Izindleko kancane kancane.
Ukwandisa iminyaka yokubeletha : amaqanda aqhwazayo ukuze agweme ukuzala okuhlobene nobudala kusekhona impikiswano.
I-American Society of Medicine Yokuzala iphikisana nomqondo, ethi inqubo yinto emisha kakhulu. Ukucwaninga akubonanga ngokucacile ukuthi izinzuzo ezikhona zingaphezu kwezingozi.
Ukukhulelwa okungamakhulu amaningana kuphela okuvela ekuqandeni kweqanda eliqinisekisiwe, futhi akekho kulawo afaka amaqanda aqhwaqwe iminyaka eminingi ngesikhathi. Iningi locwaningo lugxila kumaqanda aqhwaqhileyo amahora noma izinyanga.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, odokotela bokuzala bathengisa ukuthi i-vitrification isho ukuthi ucwaningo lwamuva lubonisa ukuthi le nqubo iphumelele.
Bakholelwa ukuthi yisikhathi sokukhulula ubuchwepheshe obusha kulabo abafuna ukuzama.
Yiziphi Izingozi Ze-Vitrification? Iphumelele Kangakanani?
Kuze kube manje, ucwaningo lubukeka luthembise uma kuqhathaniswa ne-slow-froze ukuze kutholakale i-vitrification.
Kukhona ukukhathazeka ngokudonswa kwabakwa-cryopreservants. Izindlela ezintsha zihlale zibhekwa, ukuze kuphuculwe isikhathi amaqanda, i-sperm noma imibungu evezwa ngamakhemikhali angaba yingozi.
Ngokusho kocwaningo lwamuva, ukukhulelwa nokuphila kwamazinga okubeletha kungcono ngamaqanda, isibindi, kanye nemibungu eyayinomswakama nge-vitrification.
Futhi, kubonakala sengathi ingozi ekhuphukile yokukhubazeka ezinganeni.
Noma kunjalo, ubuchwepheshe buyinto entsha. Ucwaningo oluningi luzodinga ukwenziwa.
Futhi, kubalulekile ukukhumbula akukho ziqinisekiso zokuphumelela kokukhulelwa.
Akuzona zonke amaqanda noma i-embryo e-cryopreserved eyosinda kwinkqubo yokufudumala. Akuzona zonke amaqanda afakwe emanzini azokhulelwa. Akuwona wonke umbungu ozokhula futhi abe nempilo ngokwanele yokudlulisa.
Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqonda uma ubhaqisa amaqanda akho ukwandisa iminyaka yakho yokubeletha.
Imithombo:
I-ASRM Inxusa Ukuqapha, Ukwelulekwa Okuqinile Kwabesifazane Ukufuna I-egg Ukuqhwaza. Isitatimende sephephandaba. Amaphuzu avelele eMhlanganweni Wonyaka Wama-63 we-American Society of Medicine Reproductive. Ifinyelele ngo-Septhemba 23, 2008.
Cobo A, Domingo J, Alamá P, Pérez S, Remohí J, Pellicer A, no-Almenar-Cubells D. "I-vitrification yama-oocyte: Indlela entsha yokulondoloza ukwelashwa kweziguli zomdlavuza." I-Journal ye-Clinical Oncology. 26: 2008 (May 20 suppl; abstr 20727).
Cobo A, Kuwayama M, Pérez S, Ruiz A, Pellicer A, noJoor Remoí "Ukuqhathaniswa komphumela ohambisanayo otholakala ngama-oocyte abanikezwayo abasha nama-cryopreserved abanjwe indlela ye-Cryotop." Ukuzala nokuhlunga. 2008 Jun; 89 (6): 1657-64. Epub 2007 Sep 24.
I-egg, izicubu ze-Ovarian, i-Embryo, ne-Sperm Ukuqhwaza. I-Infertility Center yaseSt. Louis. Kufinyelelwe ku-Septhemba 23, 2008. http://www.infertile.com/infertility-treatments/freeze.htm#vitrification
Ukuqhaqhazela nokugcina amaqanda. Ukufakelwa komuntu kanye ne-Embryology Authority. Kufinyelelwe ngo-Februwari 15, 2016. http://www.hfea.gov.uk/46.html
Isachenko V1, Maettner R, Petrunkina AM, Mallmann P, Rahimi G, Sterzik K, Sanchez R, Risopatron J, Damteroski I, Isachenko E. "I-vitrification ye-cryoprotectant ye-spermatozoa yomuntu inombhalo omkhulu (kufika ku-0.5 mL): inkaba ubuchwepheshe. "Lab Lab. 2011; 57 (9-10): 643-50. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22029178
U-Lucena E, uBernal DP, uLucena C, uRojas A, uMoran A, noLucena A. "Ukukhulelwa okuqhubekayo okuqhubekayo ngemva kokuvuthwa kwama-oocyte." Ukuzala nokuhlunga. 2006 Jan; 85 (1): 108-11.
I-Oocyte Ukukhula Okukhululekile: Isiqondiso. Amakhasi ASRM. Kufinyelelwe ngoFebhuwari 15, 2016. http://www.socrei.org/uploadedFiles/ASRM_Content/News_and_Publications/Practice_Guidelines/Ikomidi_Opinions/Ovarian_tissue_and_oocyte(1).pdf
IKomiti Yezokuziphatha ye-American Society for Medicine Reproductive. "Ukulondolozwa kokuzala nokuzala kabusha emdlalweni weziguli." Ukuzala nokuhlunga. 2005 Juni. 83 (6): 1622-1628. http://asrm.org/uploadedFiles/ASRM_Content/News_and_Publications/Ethics_Committee_Reports_and_Statements/FertilityPreservation.pdf