Indlela Yokuqaphela Izimpawu Zehlobo 1 nohlobo lwe-2 lwesifo sikashukela ezinganeni
Kungenzeka yini ukuthi ukoma ngokweqile kwengane, noma ezinye izimpawu zibe uphawu lwesifo sikashukela? Yiziphi izimpawu ozidingayo ukuze wazi njengomzali futhi kufanele ushayele nini ingane yakho?
Isifo Sikashukela Ezinganeni
Abazali bavame ukukhathazeka ngesifo sikashukela, kodwa iningi liyakhathazeka ngempela ngohlobo lwesifo sikashukela sohlobo 1-uhlobo oluvame ukuqala ebuntwaneni futhi ludinga ukwelashwa nge-insulin shots.
The Type I isifo sikashukela, noma kunjalo, empeleni uhlobo olujwayelekile kakhulu lwesifo sikashukela, oluthinta amaphesenti ayisihlanu kuphela abantu abanesifo. Uhlobo lwesifo sikashukela sesi-2, esasijwayele ukucatshangwa ngokuthi "isifo sikashukela sabantu abadala," sivame kakhulu. Empeleni, ngokwanda kokukhuluphala kwengane-isici esiyinhloko engozini kubahlengikazi besifo sezifo manje ababheke ngentshiseko uhlobo lwesifo sikashukela ezinganeni ngisho nasezikhungweni zokuzibulala.
Izimpawu zesifo sikashukela ezinganeni
Abazali abaningi baletha izingane zabo ukuhlolwa kwesifo sikashukela ngoba bavame ukuvuthwa nokunyuka ukoma. Inkinga kuphela ukuthi izingane eziningi, ikakhulukazi ezincane nezinsana zasenkulisa zizocela futhi ziphuze ijusi eliningi njengoba uvumela ukuba nazo, ngisho noma zingenalo ukoma. Futhi uma bephuza amajusi amaningi, kuzodingeka bavine kakhulu.
Yingakho izingane eziya kudokotela wezingane zazo kuphela lezo zimpawu ngokuvamile azipheli isifo sikashukela.
Lezi zibonakaliso zemithi yesifo sikashukela zingakusiza ukuthi unqume ukuthi ngabe udokotela ungakudinga yini.
Thayipha I Izimpawu ZeShukela
Izimpawu zesifo sikashukela se-type 1, esivame ukukhula esikhathini esifushane (izinsuku kuya emavikini) ngokuvamile zihlanganisa:
- Ukuvuthwa okuvamile (polyuria)
- Ukoma kakhulu noma ukuphuza kakhulu (polydipsia)
Amathuba akhula uma ungeza ezinye izimpawu zesifo sikashukela, njenge:
- Ukudla okuningi noma indlala enkulu (polyphagia)
- Ukulahlekelwa kwesisindo esingavamile
- Ukukhathala okukhulu
- Ukuthukuthela
- Umbono ophundlekile
Ukulahlekelwa isisindo kubaluleke kakhulu isibonakaliso esibomvu sefulegi yesifo sikashukela sohlobo lwe-1. Uma ingane inezibonakaliso zakudala zesifo sikashukela ezifana nokuvuthwa okuvamile, ukoma okwandayo, nokwehla kwesisindo, khona-ke udokotela wezingane cishe uzosola isifo sikashukela ngisho nangaphambi kokuhlolwa kwe-urinalysis noma ukuhlolwa kweshukela egazini. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, uma ingane inezinye izimpawu zesifo sikashukela ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa isisindo, kusabalulekile ukwenza lezi zivivinyo, kodwa ithuba lokuthi isifo sikashukela sitholakale sincane kakhulu. Noma kunjalo, unganqikazi ukubona udokotela wezingane uma ucabanga ukuthi ingane yakho ingaba nezimpawu zesifo sikashukela.
Futhi khumbula ukuthi uma izingane zivame ukuvuthwa ezihambisana nesifo sikashukela, ngokuvamile kuvamise umchamo omkhulu njalo. Izingane okufanele zivuthwe kaningi, kepha zilahleke kancane kancane isikhathi ngasinye, kungenzeka zibe nesinye isizathu esikhundleni sesifo sikashukela, ikakhulu uma zingenayo ezinye izimpawu zesifo sikashukela. (Kumanje kubalulekile ukubona udokotela wezingane zakho njengoba izimo ezifana nokutheleleka kwamagciwane kungase kubangele uphawu.)
Thayipha 2 Isibonakaliso Sesifo Sikashukela
Ngeshwa, izingane ezine-type 2 zesifo sikashukela zingenayo izimpawu nhlobo, okungenza kube nzima ukuxilongwa ngokushesha.
Izimpawu eziningi zesifo sikashukela 2 empeleni izimpawu zesimiso sephuzile, ezikhula kancane kancane, emva kweminyaka eminingi yokuba nesifo sikashukela. Lezi zimpawu nezimpawu zingabandakanya:
- Thayipha izimpawu zesifo sikashukela se-1, kufaka phakathi ukuvuthwa okuvamile, ukoma okwandayo, ukulahlekelwa isisindo, kanye nokulamba okukhulu
- Ukutheleleka okuvamile
- Ingozi yokwanda yezifo - Isibonelo, ukubamba ama-virus kalula kakhulu uma kuqhathaniswa no-ngaphambili
- Ukunqunywa kanye nokuvuna okuphulukisa kancane
- Umbono ophukile (uphawu olubonakalayo lwe-retinopathy ngenxa yesifo sikashukela)
- Ukukhathala
- Ubumbulu noma ukubetha ezandleni nasezinyaweni (izimpawu zesifo sikashukela se-neuropathy)
Ngenxa yokuthi izingane ezine-type 2 zesifo sikashukela kungenzeka zingenayo izimpawu zesifo sikashukela zakudala, odokotela bezingane nabazali kumele bafune ezinye izibonakaliso nezingozi ze-type 2 yesifo sikashukela.
Lezi zingabandakanya ukukhuluphala ngokweqile, nokuba ne-acanthosis nigricans (izindawo zesikhumba esimnyama-ngokuvamile ngemuva kwengane yengane) noma i-striae (ukubeka amanothi), nomlando womndeni omuhle wesifo sikashukela sohlobo lwesibili. Lezi zingane ezinobungozi obukhulu bese zihlolwe njalo ngesifo sikashukela, kufaka phakathi ukuhlolwa kwe-hemoglobin A1C, ukuhlolwa okunikeza isilinganiso sokufunda ushukela wegazi esikhathini esingamaviki kuya ezinyangeni.
Izifo ezinganeni ezineSifo sikashukela
Izingane ezinesifo sikashukela se-type 1 nazo zingase zibe nezimpawu zokutheleleka, njengemfiva, ukukhwehlela, ukuhlanza noma umkhuhlane, njengoba ngokuvamile kuvame ukutheleleka.
Ukutheleleka akubangeli ingane ukuba ibe nesifo sikashukela, kodwa ngaphambi kokutheleleka-kungakhathaliseki ukuthi yi-flu, strep throat, noma igciwane lesisu-ingane ingase ikwazi ukuphuza uketshezi oluningi ukuhambisana nokuvuthwa kwakhe njalo, kodwa uwela ngemuva kokugula. Lokhu kungaholela ekudambiseni amandla emzimbeni nasezikhungweni ezimbi, ngisho nokuthuthuka kwesifo sikashukela ketoacidosis, okungaba yisimo esiphuthumayo sezokwelapha.
Imininingwane eyengeziwe yokwazi ngesifo sikashukela
Kubalulekile ukwazi indlela yokubona izimpawu zesifo sikashukela njengoba izingane ezine-type 1 zesifo sikashukela zingagcina zibe nesifo sikashukela uma ukuxilongwa kuphuze isikhathi eside kakhulu. Ngeshwa, ezinye izibonakaliso, njengokuthi zome futhi zivuthwe kakhulu, ziyizimpawu ezingezona ezicacisiwe izingane eziningi ezivamile.
Ngaphezu kokwazi izimpawu zakudala zesifo sikashukela, abazali kufanele bazi ukuthi:
- Amaphesenti angaba ngu-10 abantwana abane-diabetes bane-type 1 yesifo sikashukela.
- Iminyaka ephakeme yokuthola ukuthi unesifo sikashukela se-type 1 sisephakathi kweminyaka emihlanu nesikhombisa futhi futhi futhi ekuqaleni kokukhulelwa.
- Nakuba izakhi zofuzo ziyisici esingozini ekuthuthukiseni isifo sikashukela sohlobo lwe-1, njengoba ingozi ipheze ngamaphesenti amabili uma umama wengane enesifo sikashukela sohlobo 1 namaphesenti ayisikhombisa uma uyise enesifo sikashukela, amaphesenti angu-85 ezingane (iningi) ene-type 1 yesifo sikashukela akukho mlando womndeni wesifo sikashukela.
- Ukulahlekelwa isisindo kubantwana abane-diabetes yohlobo lwe-1 kungenzeka ngenxa yokuphelelwa amandla kwamanzi (ukulahlekelwa kwamanzi okuphuma emanzini amaningi) noma ekulahlekelweni kwamafutha omzimba (ukulahleka kwekhalori kusukela ushukela okhulayo emcinini wengane) noma kokubili.
- Iningi labantwana abanesifo sikashukela sohlobo lwesibili banomlando womndeni wohlobo lwe-2 lwesifo sikashukela.
- Ukudla ushukela akuyona isifo sesifo sikashukela. Eqinisweni, abantwana abanesifo sikashukela banoshukela kakhulu emagazini abo.
- Ukutheleleka kaningi futhi ukusika nokuvuna okuphulukisa kancane kancane akuzona izimpawu zokuqala zesifo sikashukela, kodwa kunalokho kungase kube nezimpawu zesifo sikashukela sohlobo lwe-2 uma ukuvuthwa okuvamile, ukoma okwandayo, ukulahlekelwa isisindo kanye nokulamba okwedlulele nakho.
Ngezansi Izimpawu Zesifo Sikashukela Ezinganeni
Uma ingane yakho ibonisa noma yiziphi izimpawu ezibalulwe ngenhla, kubalulekile ukukhuluma nodokotela wakho. Eziningi zalezi zimpawu, ngisho noma zingekho ezihlobene nesifo sikashukela, kufanele zibhekiswe ngodokotela wezingane zakho njengoba zingabangela ezinye izimo zezokwelapha ezibalulekile futhi. Njengesikhumbuzo sokugcina, kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi izingane azizona nje "abantu abadala" futhi zivame ukuba nezimpawu eziyingqayizivele ezihlobene nokugula. Uma uzizwa noma yini engalungile nengane yakho, noma ngabe awukwazi ukuchaza kahle ukuthi yilokho, yithemba isimo sakho njengomzali futhi ushayele noma wenze i-aphoyintimenti ukuze ubone ingane yakho.
Imithombo
- UKliegman, uRobert M., uBonita Stanton, uSt Geme III uJoseph W., uNine Felice. Schor, uRichard E. Behrman, noWaldo E. Nelson. UNelson Bookbook of Pediatrics. I-20th Edition. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier, 2015. Phrinta.
- I-Pociot, F., ne-A. Lernmark. Izisusa Zezifo Ze-Genetic for Type 1 Diabetes. I-Lancet . 2016. 387 (10035): 2331-9.