Kungani ukuzijabulisa akuyona nje umdlalo wezingane zakho zasenkulisa
Ukudlala kwakha ukudala kwengane yakho nokucabanga kanye namanye amakhono. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi uvele ugijimela ibhola emuva noma ngezingane noma ugqoke izingubo futhi ucabange ukuthi ungumdlali we-astronaut-uthuthukisa amakhono abalulekile emphakathini njengokufunda ukushintshana, ukubambisana nokuhlangana nabanye.
Ingabe yonke imidlalo ibheka efanayo nawe?
Isazi sezenhlalakahle uMildred Parten sichaza izinhlobo eziyisithupha zokudlala ingane ezozibandakanya kuyo, kuye ngokuthi ubudala, isimo sengqondo, nesimo sezenhlalakahle:
I-Play engabanjwanga
Ukudlala okungavunyelwe kubhekisela emsebenzini lapho ingane ingadlali nhlobo. Angase abe yingxenye yokunyakaza okubonakalayo okungahleliwe, engenanjongo. Naphezu kokubonakala, lokhu kuyidlala futhi kubeka isiteji sokuhlola okuzayo.
I-Solitary (Independent) Play
Ukudlala okuzimele kuyinto nje ezwakalayo-uma ingane yakho idlala yedwa. Lolu hlobo lokudlalwa lubalulekile ngoba lufundisa ingane ukuthi ungayigcina kanjani, ekugcineni ubeke indlela yokuzimela. Noma yikuphi ingane engadlala ngokuzimela, kodwa lolu hlobo lokudla luvame kakhulu ezinganeni ezincane ezineminyaka engama-2 noma 3 ubudala. Ngaleso sikhathi, zisabonakala zizinhle futhi zingabi namakhono okuxhumana okuhle. Uma ingane iseceleni enamahloni futhi engazi labo abadlala nabo kahle, angase akhethe lolu hlobo lokudlala.
I-Onlooker Play
Umdlalo wokubukela lapho ingane ivele ibona ezinye izingane zidlala futhi ingenzi lutho. Kuvamile ezinganeni ezincane ezisebenza ekuthuthukiseni amagama abo. Ungakhathazeki uma ingane yakho iziphatha ngale ndlela. Kungenzeka ukuthi ingane iyamahloni, idinga ukufunda imithetho, noma mhlawumbe iyona encane futhi ifuna ukuthatha isinyathelo okwesikhashana.
I-Parallel Play
Beka ababili abaneminyaka emithathu ubudala ekamelweni ndawonye futhi yilokho okubonakalayo: izingane ezimbili zijabulisa, zidlala eceleni kwelinye izwe elincanyana. Akusho ukuthi abathandani, bavele behlanganyela ekudlaleni okufanayo. Naphezu kokuxhumana okuncane phakathi kwabantu abadlala nabo, izingane ezidlala ngokufanayo zifunda kancane kancane komunye nomunye njengezimpikiswano nezinye izinzuzo zomphakathi. Ngisho noma kubonakala sengathi abaqaphelisana, bayiqiniso ngempela futhi bavame ukulingisa ukuziphatha komunye. Njengalokhu, lolu hlobo lokudlalwa lubhekwa njengesibhuloho esibalulekile ezingeni elizayo lokudlala.
I-Associative Play
Ngokungafani nokudlala okufanayo, ukudlala okuhlangene nakho kubonisa izingane ezidlala ngokwahlukana komunye nomunye. Kodwa kule ndlela yokudlala, bahileleke kulokho abanye abakwenzayo-bacabange izingane zakha idolobha elinamabhuloki. Njengoba bakha izakhiwo zabo ngabanye, bakhuluma omunye komunye futhi bahlanganyela. Lesi yisigaba esibalulekile sokudlala ngoba kusiza abancane ukuba bathuthukise wonke amakhono-ukuhlanganiswa komphakathi (yini okufanele siyakhe manje?) Nokuxazulula izinkinga (singenza kanjani lo muzi ube mkhulu?), Ukubambisana (uma sisebenza ndawonye singakwazi yenza idolobha lethu libe ngcono nakakhulu) nokuthuthukiswa kolimi (ukufunda ukuthi ungathini ukuze uthole imiyalezo yabo komunye nomunye).
Ngokudlala umdlalo ukuthi izingane ziqala kanjani ukwenza ubungane bangempela.
I-Cooperative Play
Ukudlala ngokubambisana lapho zonke izigaba zihlangana futhi izingane ziqala ukudlala ndawonye. Kuyinto evamile ezikoleni zasenkulisa ezindala noma ezikoleni zasencane ezincane ezinezingane zakudala noma ziye zazungeze izingane eziningi). Ukudlala ngokubambisana kusebenzisa wonke amakhono omphakathi ingane yakho esebenzayo futhi uwabeka esenzweni. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi bakha iphazili ndawonye, badlala umdlalo webhodi , noma bajabulela umdlalo weqembu langaphandle, ukudlala okubambisana kubeka isigaba sokusebenzisana esikhathini esizayo njengoba ingane yakho ikhula ibe umuntu omdala.
Ezinye izinhlobo zokudlala
Nakuba lezi zinyathelo zibalulekile futhi zidingekile ekuthuthukiseni intuthuko yengane, kunezinye izinhlobo zokudlala ezifaka isandla ekuvuthweni kwengane. Lezi zinhlobo zokudlala zivame ukukhula njengoba ingane iqala ukuhlanganyela ekudlaleni okubambisana futhi ihlanganisa:
- Ukudlwengula / Ukucabanga Kwemidlalo : Uma ingane yakho ethanda ukudlala igqoke up , udokotela, noma indawo yokudlela, kuyidlala enkulu noma emnandi. Ngalolu hlobo lokudlala, ingabe umcabango wengane yakho uthola ukudlala kuphela, kodwa ufunda indlela yokushintshana, abambisane, abelane futhi asebenze ekuthuthukiseni ulimi . Ngokudlala indima , izingane nazo zikwazi ukufunda ngokusebenza emphakathini omkhulu.
- I-Competitive Play : Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ushaya umfowabo e-Chutes naseLadders noma edlala eqenjini lebhola lebhola , ingane yakho ihlanganyela ekuncintiseni. Imithetho kanye nokuthatha izinto, futhi ukusebenza njengengxenye yeqembu yizifundo ezinkulu ezithathwe kulolu hlobo lokudlala. Kungadingeka unikeze ingane yakho isiqondiso mayelana nokubhekana kokubili kokuwina nokulahlekelwa.
- I-Play Physical : Amakhono amakhulu futhi amakhono omculo ayenzeka ngempela lapha, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ingane yakho iphonsa ibhola noma igibele ibhayisikili . Ukudlala ngokomzimba kukhuthaza izingane ukuba zisebenze .
- I-Play Eyakhayo: Amafomu okudlala okwakhayo afaka isakhiwo ngamabhuloki, enza umgwaqo wezimoto zokudlala, noma ukwakha inqaba emithonjeni yokulala. Umdlalo owusizo ufundisa izingane mayelana nokuxhaphaza, ukwakha, nezinto ezifanelekayo ndawonye. Amakhono okucabangisisa asetshenziselwa ukubona ukuthi yini eyenza okuthile kusebenze kangcono, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi kuyimbhoshongo eyindilinga engayikuma noma isakhiwo sehlabathi esiqhubeka siwa.
- I-Symbolic Play : Lolu hlobo lokudla lungaba imisindo (ukucula, amahlaya, imilolotelo), ubuciko bokudweba (ukudweba, umbala), ukubala, noma ukwenza umculo. Lolu hlobo lokudlala lusiza izingane zifunde ukuthuthukisa amakhono ekuzikhulumeni nasekuhloleni okuhlangenwe nakho kwabo, imibono, kanye nemizwelo yabo.
> Umthombo:
> Izinhlobo zokudlala. I-Child Development Institute. https://childdevelopmentinfo.com/child-development/play-work-of-children/pl1/#.WXGHNdPyvBI.
> Isiqhwaga D. Ukubaluleka kokudlala. April 2012.