Ukuhlolwa Okungakazalwa Ngaphambi Kokubeletha (NIPT) kuyindlela yokuhlola ezinye izifo zofuzo ngokubheka igazi lomama. Ungase uzwe kuthiwa ukuhlolwa kwangaphambi kokubeletha ngaphambi kokubeletha (NIPS). Lezi yizinto ezifanayo. Lezi zivivinyo zisebenza ngokuthola i-DNA yengane encane ehamba ngegazi lomama, eyaziwa ngokuthi i-cell free DNA noma i-cfDNA. Igazi lidonseleka ngendlela efanayo nanoma yimuphi omunye umsebenzi welebhu udonselwa futhi uthunyelwe ebhokisini ukuze kusikrini sezinhlobonhlobo zezifo zofuzo.
Kunezivivinyo ezimbalwa ezinikezwayo-yikuphi ukuhlolwa okunikezwayo kuzoxhomeka ebhodini ukuthi isisebenzi sakho sisisebenzisa. Amanye amagama okuhlola ahlanganisa:
- Ukuvumelana
- MaterniT21 Plus
- I-VisabiliT
- I-Panaorama
I-Verifi
Ubani Okufanele Ayenze?
I-American College of Obstetricians kanye ne-Gynecologists (ACOG) manje ikhuthaza ukuhlolwa kwezakhi zofuzo ngokuhlola (NIPT) noma ukuhlolwa kokuhlola (amniocentesis noma i-chorionic sampling sampling), kuwo wonke owesifazane okhulelwe.
Uma udokotela wakho ekuncoma ukuthi akuhlolwe, ungakhathazeki. Akunjalo ngoba ukholelwa ukuthi kukhona okungalungile. Ngokwesiko, lezi zinhlobo zokuhlolwa nokuhlolwa kwezingcingo zaphakanyiswa kuphela kwabesifazane abangaphezu kweminyaka engamashumi amathathu nanhlanu noma abanomlando womndeni wesifo sofuzo. Isiphakamiso sabe sandiswa ukuze sibandakanye obaba asebekhulile. Manje izibuko ziphephile futhi ziyatholakala kalula, ngakho-ke ziphakanyiswa kabanzi.
Into eyodwa eminye imindeni engacabangi ngayo kusengaphambili ukuthi kuzokwenzekani uma ukuhlolwa kulungile, okubonisa ukuthi ukukhulelwa kwakho kuyingozi engozini yokwelapha.
Lokhu ngokuqinisekile ingxoxo esizokukhuthaza ukuba ube nayo nodokotela wakho nomlingani wakho. Into ebalulekile okumele uyikhumbule ukuthi lezi zivivinyo zibhekwa njengesivivinyo sokuhlola, okusho ukuthi bangakutshela ukuthi ingozi eyengeziwe yomsana wakho inenkinga yezofuzo, hhayi ukuthi kukhona ukucaca okukhona kwezinkinga zofuzo. Uzodinga ukuthi ube nokuhlolwa kokuxilongwa ukuze uthole impendulo eqondile ngesimo sezitho zomzimba wengane yakho.
Qaphela ukuthi uma ukhuluphele noma ukhuluphele ngokweqile, kunengozi eyengeziwe yokuthi ukuhlolwa ngeke kusebenze ngawe, okusho ukuthi akukho mphumela onikelwayo. Lokhu kusho ukuthi lokhu kungase kungabi ukuhlolwa okuhle kakhulu uma ungaphezu kwama-pounds amabili namashumi amahlanu. I-NIPT ingahle ibe nokulinganiselwa uma ukhulelwe amawele noma ezinye izimpande.
Uyakwenzani Nini?
Ungaqala ukusebenzisa ukuhlolwa kwe-NIPT ngaphambi kweviki lesishiyagalolunye lokukhulelwa kwakho. Okufanelekile, le ngxoxo izokwenzeka ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka ekukhupheni, kufaka phakathi ukuvakasha kwakho kokuqala kokubeletha . Lesi sikhathi sinikeza isikhathi esiningi sokuxoxa ukuthi iziphi izinketho zakho zokuhlola zisekelwe emlandweni wakho wezokwelapha kanye nomndeni, kanye nethuba lokusebenzisa amathuba okuhlola oku-trimester wokuqala, njengohlolo lokuhlola i-nuchal nge-ultrasound.
Yini Ebukeka Ngayo?
Lezi zibuko zibuka kuphela izifo ezijwayelekile kakhulu zofuzo. Qaphela ukuthi uma kunezinto eziningi ezihlukahlukene ze-NIPT ezitholakalayo, ngamunye angase abe nephaneli elithile elithile lalokho elikufunayo ebhodini. Nansi okungenzeka ukuthi kufakiwe phakathi kokuhlolwa:
- I-Down Syndrome (i-trisomy 21)
- I-Edwards Syndrome (i-trisomy 18)
- I-Patau Syndrome (i-trisomy 13)
Kukhona nezinye izinto ezinye ze-NIPTs ezizokutshela zona.
Lokhu kungafaka isimo se-Rh yakho yengane , ubulili bomntwana wakho, njll. Nakuba lokhu kungahlukahluka ngokuya kokuhlolwa okusetshenziselwa uchwepheshe wakho.
Kulungile Kangakanani?
Uma ubheka izikhangisi ze-laboratory ngayinye ukwenza uvivinyo oluthile, ngokuvamile zicaphuna amazinga aphakeme kakhulu okuchithwa. Lokhu kudukisa abantu abaningi ngoba ukuhlolwa okwenziwe ukubuka ukunemba kwenzelwe abantu abanezinga eliphezulu lezinkinga zofuzo. Lokhu kusho ukuthi kungase kungabi njengesixuku esikhulu sabesifazane abakhulelwe. Asikwazi futhi ukutshela ukuthi kungenzeka ukuthi ingane yakho inenkinga yokwenza imfuyo ngempela uma unesimo sokuhlola esihle.
Yini ezayo emva kwe-NIPT?
Uma unesimo se-NIPT esibuyela emuva esibonisa ukuthi ingane yakho ingase ibe nenkinga yezakhi zofuzo, uzokwaziswa. Lokhu kululekwa kuzovame ukubandakanya ingxoxo ubude nomeluleki wezakhi zofuzo owela emlandweni wakho womuntu siqu kanye nezokwelapha bese uchaza ukuthi yiziphi ezinye izivivinyo ezitholakalayo. Ekuqaleni kokukhulelwa, isampuli ye-chorionic villus (CVS) isetshenzisiwe futhi emva kokuthatha amasonto ayishumi nane, ungenza amniocentesis.
Lezi zibhekwa njengezivivinyo zokuxilonga kunokuhlola izivivinyo. Lokhu kusho ukuthi empeleni bazohlinzeka ngokuxilongwa kunokuba bakhombise ukuthi yini engozini yokuthola ingane enenkinga yofuzo. Lezi zivivinyo zinembile kakhulu, kodwa futhi zize zengozini encane yokukhulelwa. Ngomhlinzeki onolwazi, ingozi yokuphuphuma kwesisu emva kwalokhu kuhlolwa ingamaphesenti angu-0.1 kuya ku-0.3 ngokusho kwe-ACOG. Le ngozi ayizimele ngokuxilongwa kwe-genetic anomaly.
Okunye ukuhlolwa kwe-Genetic
Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi i-NIPT ayifuni iziphambeko ze-neural tube ezifana ne-spina bifida noma i-anencephaly. Ngakho-ke ukuhlolwa kwe-trimester yesibili nge-ultrasound kanye / noma i- serum alpha transform-protein (MSAFP) kufanele isetshenziswe kubazali. Abanye abazali bangase bakhethe ukweqa izivivinyo zokuhlola i-genetic, bakhetha ukuya ngqo ekuhlolweni kokuxilongwa, ngezizathu ezihlukahlukene. Ukukhuluma nodokotela noma umbelethisi wakho mayelana nezintandokazi zakho, umlando wakho wezokwelapha, nezinye izinto ezibandakanya ukuthi yini ongayenza noma ongenakuyenza uma uthola ukuxilongwa kwesifo sofuzo, kuzokusiza ukuba uxoxe futhi ukhethe indlela efanele wena kanye neyakho umndeni.
Ukukhetha ukuhlolwa kwe-Genetic
Eminye imindeni izokwenza isinqumo sokudlula ukuhlolwa kofuzo, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ukuhlolwa kokuhlolwa noma ukuhlolwa kokuhlola. Udokotela wakho akufanele azame ukuphoqa ukuba wenze enye inqumo, kodwa ingxoxo kufanele ibe nezinzuzo nezingozi zazo zonke izinketho. I-ACOG, i-American Academy of Nurses Midwives (ACNM), nezinye izinhlangano zezokwelapha zonke zisekela ilungelo lakho lokunqaba ukuhlola nokuhlolwa kofuzo.
> Imithombo:
> Allyse M, Minear MA, Berson E, Sridhar S, Rote M, Hung A, Chandrasekharan S. Ukuhlolwa kokubeletha okungenasidingo: ukubuyekezwa kokuqaliswa komhlaba nezinselele. Int J Womens Health. 2015; 7: 113-126. Ishicilelwe ku-intanethi ngo-2015 Jan 16. i: 10.2147 / IJWH.S67124.
> Ikhomishana yaseMelika yezifo eziphuthumayo kanye neKomidi labaGynecologists kwiGenestics kanye neNhlangano Yezokwelapha ZamaMama. I-Committee Opinion No. 640: Ukuhlolwa kwe-DNA okungenaselula ye-fetup aneuploidy. I-Obstetrics & Gynecology. 2015; 126: e31.
> Gregg AR, Gross SJ, Best RG, Monaghan KG, Bajaj K, Skotko BG, Thompson BH, Watson MS. I-American College of Medical Genetics kanye ne-Genomics.ACMG isitatimende sokuhlolwa okungabonakali kokubeletha ngaphambi kokubeletha kokubeletha kwesisu. Genet Med 15: 395-398; phambili kushicilelwe kuyi-intanethi, ngo-Ephreli 4, 2013; doi: 10.1038 / gim.2013.29
> Umhlangano weKomidi Lokushicilelwa Kwemithi Yomama Yomama. # 36: Ukuhlolwa kokubeletha ngaphambi kokubeletha usebenzisa i-DNA engenalutho. Journal American of Obstetrics and Gynecology. 2015; 212: 711.