Isisindo sokubeletha kanye ne-steroids kuthinta izinkinga zokusinda zokuphila
Abesifazane abaningi, ikakhulukazi labo abakhathazekile emva kokulahlekelwa kokukhulelwa kwangaphambilini, baphefumule ukuphumula emva kokukhulelwa kufikela iphuzu lapho ingane izokwazi khona ukusinda uma izalwa ekuseni. Ukukhomba ukuthi lolo suku luyinkimbinkimbi futhi izici eziningi zithinta ukusinda kwengane ngaphambi kwesikhathi futhi kungenzeka ukukhubazeka noma ukukhubazeka ngemva kokuzalwa.
Ubudala bokuPhila
Ekhuluma ngokuqinile, odokotela abaningi bachaza iminyaka yokuphila njengamaviki angu- 24 wokubeletha .
Ezibhedlela eziningi, amasonto angu-24 yiyona ndlela lapho odokotela bezosebenzisa usizo olukhulu lwezokwelapha ukuze bazame ukusindisa impilo yomntwana ozelwe ngaphambi kwesikhathi.
Ingane ezalwe emavikini angu-24 ingadinga ukungenelela okuningi, okungenzeka kuhlanganise umoya wokuphuza umoya kanye nezinye izindlela zokwelashwa ezingavamile futhi kulandelwe ukuhlala isikhathi eside endaweni yokunakekelwa kwezingane ezikhulayo (NICU) .
Ezandleni zabachwepheshe abanolwazi, abantwana abazalwa kancane ngaphambili bangase babe nethuba lokusinda. Izingane ezizalwa emavikini angama-23 zingasinda ku-NICU yesimo sezwe, kepha izinkinga zokusinda ziphansi kakhulu.
Izinkinga zokusinda zikhuphuka njengoba ukukhulelwa kuqhubeka, futhi ngisho nesonto elengeziwe esibelethweni lingenza umehluko. Ngokuvamile, izingane ezingaphambi kwesikhathi ezizalwa cishe kwamasonto angu-37 zizoba ngcono kunezo ezizalwa ngaphambi kwamasonto angu-28.
Izinto Eziphathelene Nokusinda
Izinto eziningi zingadlala ukuthi ngabe ingane ingasinda yini ngaphambi kokubeletha ngaphambi kwesikhathi, kuhlanganise nesisindo sokuzalwa kwengane.
Isisindo sokuzalwa esincane sihlanganiswa ngokuzimela ezinkingeni ezinciphile zokusinda kanye nengozi ephakeme yokukhubazeka nezinkinga zempilo.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, uma ukuzalwa kokuqala kubangelwa ukufakelwa noma isigaba se-C ngenxa yesimo sezokwelapha, njengokungabikho kokuphazamiseka kwamapayipi noma ukushiyeka okwenziwe umoya-mpilo ngaphambi kokubeletha, leso simo singathinta impilo yengane nokuphila.
Esinye isici kungakhathaliseki ukuthi odokotela babenesikhathi ngaphambi kokuzalwa ukuphatha ingane nge-steroids ukusheshisa ukuthuthukiswa kwamaphaphu. Umama uthola i-steroids, eyobe idabula i-placenta eya emntwaneni. Ingane engakafiki ngaphambi kokuba ibelethwe nge-steroids ngaphambi kokubeletha kungenzeka ukuthi iphile kunomntwana ozelwe ngokungalindelekile ngaphambi kwesikhathi. I-steroids ingenza umehluko uma ingane ingakwazi ukuphefumula ngaphandle kwesibeletho noma cha.
Kuyafaneleka futhi ukuqaphela ukuthi amantombazane angase aphile kakhulu ngaphambi kokubeletha ngaphambi kwesikhathi, njengabantwana abazalwa ngo-singleton kunokuba bekhulelwe kaningi .
Izibalo zokusinda
Ngokusekelwe kolwazi oluvela ku-Quint Boenker Preemie Survival Foundation kanye noMashi we-Dimes, nansi amathuba okusinda kwengane eyazalwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi. Kubalulekile ukuthi uqaphele ukuthi lezi zephesenti ziyizibalo futhi azibikezeli ukusinda komntwana ngamunye.
| Ubude bokukhulelwa | Ubuhle bokusinda |
| Amaviki angu-23 | Amaphesenti angu-17 |
| Amaviki angu-24 | Amaphesenti angu-39 |
| Amaviki angu-25 | Amaphesenti angu-50 |
| Amaviki angu-26 | Amaphesenti angu-80 |
| Amaviki angu-27 | Amaphesenti angu-90 |
| Amaviki angu-28 kuya ku-31 | Amaphesenti angu-90 kuya kwangu-95 |
| Amaviki angu-32 kuya ku-33 | Amaphesenti angu-95 |
| Amaviki angu-34 + | Cishe cishe njengengane yesikhathi esigcwele |
| Imithombo: March kaDeses, iQuint Boenker Preemie Survival Foundation | |
Ingozi yokukhubazeka
Ukwengeza engozini yokufa, izinsana ezizalwa kakhulu ngaphambi kwesikhathi zingabhekana nezinkinga eziphezulu zokuba nokukhubazeka okufundela noma ukukhubazeka okuthuthukayo, kodwa ubukhulu bokukhubazeka noma ukukhubazeka kungashintsha kakhulu.
Lokhu kungancika ezintweni eziningi, kuhlanganise nesidingo salo kanye nezinhlobo zokwelashwa ezitholwe ngesikhathi sokubeletha ngokushesha. Ukwelashwa okunamandla, ngezinye izikhathi kubaluleke kakhulu izingozi zezinsana ezincane kakhulu ezinesibindi.
Empeleni, yona kanye izinqubo ezisindisa impilo nazo zinamandla okunciphisa amakhono abo abantwana njengoba zikhula. Kungaba nzima ukutshela ukuthi yiziphi izinsana ezizobhekana nezinkinga nokuthi lezi zinkinga zizoba nzima kangakanani ekuphileni.
Kuwo wonke amaviki angu-26, cishe amaphesenti angu-20 azoba nezinkinga zesikhathi eside. Lokhu kushiya amaphesenti angaba ngu-80 ngenye indlela yenkinga yentuthuko noma engokwenyama empilweni yabo.
Amaphesenti angaba ngu-34 abantwana abazalwa emasontweni angama-26 azoba nokukhubazeka okuncane. Ukukhubazeka okunempilo kuchazwa njengento efana nokubona okuncane noma ukukhubazeka okuncane kwengqondo. Ngisho nangalesi sigaba, ungabona ukuthi kunezinkinga eziningi ezikhona.
Amaphesenti angamashumi amabili nesine ezelwe ezinganeni ezingama-26 azoba nokukhubazeka okulinganiselwe. Ukukhubazeka okulinganisiwe kufaka izinkinga ezifana nokukhubazeka okubukwayo / okuzwayo noma ukukhubazeka kwesiberethri okukwazi ukuhamba. Ukukhubazeka kobuchopho ngaphakathi futhi ngokwakho kungashintsha kakhulu kumuntu nomuntu. Ukungenela kwangasese kungasiza ekuvimbeleni noma ekunciphiseni ezinye zezimpawu.
Amaphesenti angu-22 asele azoba nokukhubazeka okukhulu. Lokhu kungabandakanya ukuphuphutheka noma ukuzwa okuyisithulu. Kungabandakanya nokukhubazeka kwesiberethri ngaphandle kokukwazi ukuhamba. Ngokuvamile lokho abantu abakucabangayo uma bebhekene nokukhubazeka okuthuthukayo kulandela ukuzalwa kwangaphambi kwesikhathi.
Amantombazane azalwa ebusweni bokuqala engozini yokukhubazeka nokufunda nezinye izinkinga, kodwa izinkinga ezithile kulezi zinkinga zihluka kakhulu kuye ngokuthi izici ezifana nesisindo sokuzalwa nokuthi ngabe kukhona yini ukungabi khona kwe-oxygen ngaphambi kokuzalwa.
Lokhu kuyiqiniso ngisho nangabantwana ongeke ukwazi ukuhlukanisa njengenhlangano yokuqala, kufaka phakathi labo abazalwa ekuqaleni kwesikhathi. Ubuchopho bomntwana bubhekene nokukhula okuningi nentuthuko emavikini okugcina okukhulelwa.
Uma ulindele ukuletha ingane engakafiki kusengaphambili, khuluma ekuseni nodokotela abazobe benakekela ingane yakho mayelana nokuthi luhlobo luni lokuvuselelwa olungafunwa ngumntanakho lapho iminyaka yobudala.
Okufanele Uxoxe Ngodokotela Wakho
Njengoba ubona, kukhona okuningi okuzoxoxisana uma kuziwa ngaphambi kokuzalwa. Akuyona nje ingxoxo yokuthi ngabe umntwana usinda ekuzalweni, kodwa lokho okuyimiphumela yesikhathi eside yile ngane. Uma ingane yakho izalwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi noma ulindele ukuthi ingane yakho izalwe kusenesikhathi, qiniseka ukuthi ukhuluma isikhathi eside nodokotela wengane yakho ngakho-ke ulungele ngangokunokwenzeka.
Kunamathuba amaningi ahlukene okubhekene ngqo nesimo esiseduze. Imibuzo yokucabangela ukubuza ihlanganisa:
- Iyini iminyaka yobuhlungu lapho umntwana wami (noma uzobe) ezalwa khona?
- Ingabe ukulahlekelwa kwe-oxygen yengane ngaphambi kokuzalwa? Yiziphi imiphumela ezilindelekile zalokhu? Iziphi izivivinyo ezazisetshenziswa ukuhlola ubunzima?
- Yiziphi izinhlobo zokungenelela ezisetshenzisiwe noma ezizosetshenziswa ekunakekeleni kwengane yami? Ziyini izingozi kanye nezinzuzo zalolu hlobo lwezokwelapha? Yiziphi ezinye izindlela?
- Iziphi izinkinga okufanele ngizibuke ngemuva kokukhishwa? Ngonyaka wokuqala? Lapho ingane yami iqala isikole?
- Luhlobo luni lwe-follow-up oluzodinga ingane yami? Ingabe kukhona uhlelo lokungena ekuqaleni?
> Imithombo:
> Ishidi Lamaqiniso: Ukuzalwa Kwangaphambi kwesikhathi. March we-Dimes. https://www.marchofdimes.org/complications/premature-babies.aspx.
> I-Glass HC, i-Costarino AT, i-Stayer SA, uBrett CM, uCladis F, uDavis PJ. Imiphumela yezingane ezincane kakhulu ezingaphambi kwesikhathi. Anesthesia & Analgesia . 2015; 120 (6): 1337-1351. i-doi: 10.1213 / ane.0000000000000705.
> Izibalo zokuzalwa zangaphambi kwesikhathi. I-Quint Boenker Preemie Survival Foundation. http://www.preemiesurvival.org/info/index.html.