Yini Umbuso Wakho Okudingayo Ukuvikela Umntwana Wakho Noma Umfana?
Imithetho yehlalo yemoto kanye ne-booster seat isethwe yi-state ngayinye ngaphakathi e-United States. Lokhu kungadideka kubazali nabanakekeli abahamba phakathi kwamazwe ngokuvamile, noma imindeni eya embusweni ohlukile. Yini edingekayo yimithetho ehlukahlukene yezimoto zombuso wombuso uma uhlala eholidini? Isikhathi esingakanani ingane yakho encane noma umfundi wesikole esiphansi kuyadingeka ukuba uhlale esihlalweni se-booster?
Imithetho yesikhundla semoto nesihlalo sobukhosi ibuye ivuselelwe ngezikhathi ezithile, ngakho-ke uma ungazange ubheke izidingo zeminyaka embalwa, zingase zihluke ngokuphelele nalokho owazisetshenziselwa ingane endala.
Uhlu oluphelele lwemithetho yesihlalo semoto yemoto ingezansi. Ngaphambi kokuba sifinyelele ezidingweni zombuso ngamunye, ake sikhulume ngeminye imishwana evame ukuvela emithethweni nokuthi yini engase isho wena nomntanakho.
Ukusetshenziswa Okufanele
Abaningi bathi manje abazali kufanele babe nezingane zabo esihlalweni semoto esetshenziswa kahle noma isihlalo sobukhulu. Kungase kube khona inkulumo ethi isihlalo semoto kufanele sifakwe kahle, futhi umthetho ungase ubhekise imiyalelo yomkhiqizi njengobufakazi bokusetshenziswa okufanele noma ukufakwa. Eminye imithetho ithi ingane kufanele igibele esihlalweni "sokufaneleka" semoto yengane yengane nesisindo, okusho ukuthi uyisebenzisela ingane ehambisana nesisindo esibhalwe phansi, ukuphakama, nobudala.
Lokhu "isigatshana sokusebenzisa kahle" kusho ukuthi kufanele ufunde leyo miyalo ngoba udingwa ngumthetho ukuwalandela.
Uma isitifiketi sezimoto esiphendukekile sithi kufanele uyisebenzise ngokubhekisele emuva kuze kube yilapho umntwana ecindezela okungenani amakhilogremu angu-22, bese umthetho wombuso onesigatshana esifanele sokusebenzisa ukwenza lokho kube isisindo somthetho salo mntwana esihlalweni semoto. Uma isihlalo se-booster sinomkhawulo wesisindo esincane esingamakhilogremu angu-40, awukwazi ngokomthetho ukubeka ingane engamaphilenti angama-30 kuwo uma isimo sakho sisebenzisa kahle.
Uma isitifiketi sezinyane lesisana sinokuphakama okuphakama kwamasentimitha angu-30, angeke sibalwe njengesihlalo somoto esifanelekile somntwana oneminyaka engu-34 intshi ende.
Isigaba sokusebenzisa kahle sihlanganisa ukufakwa kanye nokunye ukusetshenziswa, futhi. Kumele ufunde futhi uqonde ukuthi ungasebenzisa kanjani isihlalo sonke semoto ngokusho kwezincomo zomkhiqizi, kusukela ekusebenziseni i-top tether ukuze ukwazi ukuthi isihlalo somlilo siphelelwa nini. Uma ufuna usizo oluthile lokuthola ulwazi oluqondile, hlola esiteshini sokuhlola isihlalo semoto noma hlola indlela yokuxhumana nochwepheshe oqinisekisiwe wokuphepha kwabagibeli.
Ukugunyazwa kweSifunda
Ngenkathi imithetho yokuhlala emotweni isesimweni ngasinye, inqubo yokugunyazwa kwezihlalo zemoto nezihlalo ezixhasayo ihlanganiswa nguhulumeni wase-federal. Abakhiqizi bazenza ukuhlolwa kwabo ngokwemigomo yezindinganiso zikahulumeni ngaphambi kokubeka isihlalo semoto emakethe. Baziqinisekisa ukuthi isihlalo semoto sihlangabezana nezindinganiso, bese uhulumeni wesifundazwe ehlola ukuhlola ukuqinisekisa ukuhambisana.
Ezinye imithetho zombuso zisho ukuthi isihlalo somoto wengane yakho kufanele samukeleke ngokuphelele. Lokhu kusho ukuthi sekuye kwenziwa inqubo yokuhlola nokuqinisekisa. Kuyinto engavamile ukuba isihlalo somoto sikwenze emakethe enkulu eMelika uma ingahlangabezane namazinga asezingeni eliphansi. Le nkulumo emthethweni wezwe cishe kungenzeka ukuthi isebenzise kuwe uma usebenzisa isihlalo semoto esivela kwelinye izwe, usebenzisa into efana nesihlalo semoto kodwa ayikho (njenge-bassinet baby carrier nephethe ) noma uzame ukwakha isihlalo sakho semoto.
Futhi / noma
Kunemithetho eminingi yokuhlala emotweni yombuso enezinhlu zezidingo ezihlanganiswe "futhi," ngokuvamile okusho ukuthi isihlalo somoto noma ingane yakho kufanele ihlangabezane nento yonke ohlwini oluzohambisana nalo mthetho. Uma umthetho uthi ingane yakho kufanele ibe neminyaka elilodwa ubudala kanye namapounds angu-20 ukuze isebenzise isihlalo semoto esibheke phambili, zombili izidingo kumele zihlangane. Kunezinye izidingo lapho "noma" kusetshenziselwa esikhundleni. Uma kunjalo, kuphela okunye okudingekayo okumele kutholakale ukuze kuhambisane nomthetho. Imithetho yesihlalo sobukhosi ijwayele ukulandela leli phethini, lapho ingane ingakwazi khona ukuphuma esikhwameni se-booster lapho ifika eminyakeni engu-8, noma amapremu angu-80, noma i-4'9 ", noma yikuphi okufika kuqala.
Lapho izakhamizi zombuso zithi imithetho ehlongozwayo yezihlalo zesikhulu zizodinga intombazane noma umdala omncane ukuba agibele esihlalweni se-booster, ngokuvamile ngenxa yokuthi baye bahlukumeza "noma" ngokuba "futhi".
Yini Ebonakalayo?
Nakuba imithetho eminingi yokuhlala emotweni yombuso yenza umsebenzi omuhle oqondisa abazali ekuvikeleni izingane nezinsana emotweni, kufanele ucabange ukuhamba ngaphezu kwezidingo ezimweni eziningi. Isibonelo, iningi lifuna kuphela ukuthi izinsana zihlale esihlalweni semoto esibheke emuva kuze kube yilapho sinezinyanga ezilodwa ubudala futhi zingamakhilogremu angu-20. Ukucwaninga kanye nedatha ye-crash yangempela kusitshela ukuthi izingane ezisencane ziphephile izikhathi ezinhlanu uma zihlala zibhekene nebhebhe kuze kube yilapho zingenani iminyaka emibili ubudala. Kukhona izihlalo zezimoto eziguqulwayo futhi ezi-3-in-1 ezitholakalayo namuhla ezingakwazi ukubhekana nobuso obubheke emuva kuze kube seminyaka emithathu noma emine. Ochwepheshe bezokuphepha emotweni, nabakhiqizi abaningi, manje batusa ukugcina ingane yakho ibheke emuva kuze kube yilapho ifinyelela emkhawulweni wesihlalo semoto.
Ngokufanayo, kuphephile kakhulu ukuthi izingane zihlale ekhoneni elibhekene ne-point-5 elibheke phambili ngaphambi kokuba lihambele esihlalweni se-booster, futhi zihlale esikhwameni sezinkinobho kuze kube yilapho zikwazi ukulingana kahle ne-seatbelt yokudala esebenzisa ukuhlolwa kwe-5-step . Umthetho wesigodi wombuso wombuso ungadinga kuphela isihlalo semoto esiboshiwe kuze kube seminyaka emithathu noma emine, kodwa izihlalo zemoto zitholakala ezinganeni ezinkulu noma ezindala kakhulu. I-harness isakaza amabutho e-crash phezu kwendawo enkulu yomzimba ehambisana nesibhande se-seatbelt. Ukuze uthole izihlalo ezinomsoco, ingane engakwazi ukuphuma ngokomthetho isihlalo esikhwameni esineminyaka eyisishiyagalolunye ubudala ingase ibe encane kakhulu ukuze ihlangane kahle esihlalweni sobukhosi futhi isengozini enkulu yokulimala kanzima endaweni yokulimala.
Imithetho ye-physics kanye ne-crash dynamics ayishintshi ngokususelwa kumthetho wakho wokuhlala emotweni. Ingane evinjelwe ngokuvumelana nemikhuba emihle izovikelwa kahle futhi ihambisane nemithetho kunoma yisiphi isimo. Izingane ezingavunyelwe ngokugcwele zingengozi enkulu yokulimala, noma ngabe zihambisana nomthetho wezwe. Cabanga ngokusebenzisa umthetho wakho wesitoreji semoto njengento encane, bese uhamba ngaphesheya ukuze uthole isivikelo esingcono kakhulu.
I-Alabama
Umthetho wase-Alabama udinga izingane ezineminyaka engaphansi kwezingu-6 zivinjelwe esihlalweni esifanelekile, esiphethwe yi-federally approved car seat or booster seat. Izihlalo zezimoto ezibheke ngemuva zidingeka kuze kufike okungenani iminyaka engu-1 futhi okungenani amakhilogremu angu-20. Izihlalo zezimoto eziguqulwayo noma ezibheke phambili zifanele zisetshenziswe kuze kube yilapho ingane ingenani iminyaka emihlanu ubudala noma isisindo esingamakhilogremu angu-40. Umthetho wase-Alabama udinga ukuthi izingane zigibele ezihlalweni ze-booster kuze kube yilapho zingenani iminyaka engu-6 nokuthi zisetshenziswe ngezibhamu kuze kufike eminyakeni engenani le-15. Lo mthetho wagcina uvuselelwe ngo-2006.
Alaska
Umthetho wesifunda e-Alaska wabuye wavuselelwa ngo-2009. Uma ingane yakho ingaphansi kweminyaka engama-100 ubudala noma isisindo esingaphansi kwamakhilogremu angu-20, kudingeka ukuthi igibele esihlalweni semoto esibheke emuva. Khona-ke kuze kube yiminyaka emine ubudala, ingane kufanele ivinjiswe ngokufanele ekunqandeni kwengane efanelekile. Izingane ezineminyaka ephakathi kweminyaka emine nesishiyagalombili kumele zigibele esihlalweni se-booster (ngaphandle uma zihlala zigibele esihlalweni semoto), ngaphandle uma zide kakhulu kunezingu-4'9 "noma ziba ngaphezu kwamakhilogremu angu-65. Umthetho we-Alaska ufuna bonke abagibeli basebenzise ibhande lesikhulu uma bengenalo ukuvimbela ingane.
I-Arizona
Umthetho wase-Arizona udinga ukuthi zonke izingane ezingaphansi kweminyaka eyisishiyagalolunye zivinjiswe ngokufanele ohlelweni lokuvimbela ingane oluvunyelwe ngokwezimali olufanele ubudala, ukuphakama nesisindo. Izihlalo ezibhekene nezimo ezibheke phambili ziyanconywa izingane kuze kube ngaphansi kweminyaka engama-2. Izingane ezingaphezu kweminyaka emihlanu kufanele zigibele esihlalweni se-booster kuze kube neminyaka engu-8 noma ifinyelele ku-4'9 "ukuphakama. e-Arizona, ngakho-ke amaphoyisa angadonsa izimoto futhi akhiphe izikhala ngaphandle kwesizathu.
Arkansas
Imithetho yase-Arkansas idinga ukuthi izingane ezineminyaka engama-6 nangaphansi, futhi zilinganiselwa ezingamakhilogremu angama-60, zivikeleke kahle esihlalweni semoto esivunyelwe yi-federally or booster seat. Amantombazane angaphansi kweminyaka eyi-1 nangaphansi kwamakhilogremu angu-20 kufanele agibele esihlalweni semoto esibhekene naso. Uma ingane ingenani iminyaka engu-6 futhi okungenani amakhilogremu angu-60, kodwa ngaphansi kweminyaka engu-15, umthetho we-Arkansas udinga ukuthi ingane isebenzise ibhande lesikhulu.
Colorado
Umthetho waseColorado uvuselelwe ngo-2010 futhi udinga ukuthi izingane zigibele esihlalweni semoto esibhekene naleso sikhathi kuze kube yilapho sineminyaka eyodwa ubudala futhi okungenani amakhilogremu angu-20. Izingane ezineminyaka eyodwa kuya kwezine futhi phakathi kwamakhilogremu angu-20 no-40 kufanele zigibele esihlalweni semoto esibheke ngemuva noma esibhekene naso. Izingane ezineminyaka engaphezu kwengu-4 kodwa ngaphansi kweminyaka engu-8 kumele zigibele esihlalweni semoto esetshenziswa kahle noma isihlalo somoto se-booster. Izingane ezingadingekile ukuba zihlale esihlalweni semoto noma isihlalo sobukhulu, kodwa zingaphansi kweminyaka engu-16 ubudala, kufanele zihlonywe ebhantshini lesikhulu.
I-Delaware
Umthetho we-Delaware uthi izingane ezineminyaka engama-7 noma ngaphansi kwamakhilogremu angu-65 zivinjelwe ngendlela efanele esihlalweni semoto esamukelekile noma esihlalweni se-booster esifanele iminyaka yobudala, isisindo nokuphakama kwengane. Izingane ezineminyaka engama-8 kuya ku-15 kumele zifakwe kahle ebhantshini lesikhulu. Futhi, izingane ezingaphansi kweminyaka engu-12 noma ngaphansi kwama-intshi angu-65 ubude kumele zihlale esihlalweni sangemuva uma kune-airbag esebenzayo esihlalweni sangaphambili somgibeli. Ifa lokuhlukumeza ngu-$ 25.
Georgia
Kubuyekezwe ngo-2011, umthetho waseGeorgia udinga izingane ezingaphansi kweminyaka eyisishiyagalombili ukuba zigibele esihlalweni semoto esivunyelwe yi-federally noma isihlalo sobuxhasi esifanele ukuphakama nesisindo somntwana. Lezi zingane kufanele zigibele esihlalweni sangasemuva ngaphandle uma zide kakhulu kunama-intshi angu-57, futhi isihlalo sabo sezimoto noma isihlalo sobuphofu kufanele sifakwe futhi sisetshenziswe ngokwemiyalo yomkhiqizi. Amaphoyisa angamisa imoto futhi akhiphe isicoco uma ebona ibhande lesikhulu noma imoto yesikhulu. Abashayeli bangathola imali engu-$ 50 nephuzu ngokumelene nelayisense yabo ngezingane ezingavumelekile.
I-Hawaii
Umthetho waseHawaii udinga ukuthi zonke izingane ezingaphansi kweminyaka engamashumi amane zivinjelwe esihlalweni sokuphepha kwengane esamukelekile. Kusukela ngo-2007, izingane ezineminyaka engamashumi amane kuya kweyisikhombisa kumele zigibele esihlalweni se-booster noma emotweni zihlalo noma nini lapho zisemotweni. I-Hawaii ivumela isikweletu se-US $ 25 ngonyaka ngokuthenga izihlalo ezifanele zokuphepha kwezingane. Lesi simo siphinde sithuthuke ngokwemithetho yezokuphepha kwabantwana, okudinga abahlukumezi ukuba bafunde ekilasini lesamahora amane ngaphezu kokuhleleka okungaba ngu- $ 100 kuya ku-$ 500.
Indiana
Umthetho wase-Indiana udinga izingane ezingaphansi kweminyaka eyisishiyagalombili ukuthi zigibele esihlalweni semoto esivunyelwe yi-federally noma isikhwama se-booster esifanele ukuphakama nesisindo somntwana. Isihlalo sezimoto noma isihlalo sobuxhasi sifakwe bese sisetshenziselwa ngokuya imiyalelo yomkhiqizi. Izinsana ezineminyaka engaphansi kweyodwa ubudala futhi ezilingana namakhilogremu angama-20 kufanele zigibele esihlalweni semoto esibheke ngemuva. Izingane ezineminyaka engu-8 kuya kwezingu-16 kumele zigibele ebhantshini lesikhulu. Umbuso wase-Indiana ukhuthaza ngokuqinile abazali ukuba basebenzise imikhuba emihle futhi bafake izingane esihlalweni sangemuva uma kunokwenzeka, nakuba lokhu kungadingeki ngomthetho. Ngokufanayo, kuwumthetho we-pounds angu-30
Iowa
Kubuyekezwe ngo-2010, umthetho we-Iowa uthi izingane ezineminyaka engama-6 ubudala kumele zivinjelwe kahle emzimbeni wezimoto ezivunyelwe noma ezisihlalo ezifanele ingane futhi ifakwe futhi zisetshenziswe ngokuya komyalelo womkhiqizi. Amantombazane angaphansi komunye oneminyaka elilodwa ubudala futhi anesisindo esingaphansi kwamakhilogremu angu-20 kufanele agibele esihlalweni semoto esibheke ngemuva. Kusukela ku-6 ukuya ku-11, izingane kumele zisebenzise isihlalo somoto noma ibhande lokuhlala futhi kumele ziqhubeke nokusebenzisa ibhande lesikhulu kuze kube yi-18. Amaphoyisa angase ayeke izimoto zokuphulwa okusolakala ukuthi ziphulwa. Iphutha elihle lokuhlukumeza lingu-$ 100. Abagibeli abasha bangathola iziqu zabo ngokwabo bengagqoke amabhande.
Louisiana
Umthetho waseLou Louisiana udinga abantwana abangaphansi kweminyaka eyodwa ubudala futhi abangaphansi kwamakhilogremu angu-20 ukugibela esihlalweni semoto esibheke ngemuva. Amantombazane okungenani ngonyaka owodwa kuze kube yiminyaka emine noma ama-20 amakhilogremu kuze kufike okungenani amakhilogremu angu-40 kufanele agibele esihlalweni semoto esibheke phambili. Izingane ezineminyaka emine kuya kweyisithupha ezilinganisa okungenani amakhilogremu angama-40 kuya okungenani amakhilogremu angu-60 kufanele zigibele esihlalweni senqola ye-booster booster car. Izingane ezingaphezu kweminyaka engu-6 no-60 amakhilogremu, uma zingekho egibele emotweni, kumele zisebenzise ibhande lesikhumba / ihlombe. I-Louisiana incoma ukuthi izingane eziwela esigabeni esingaphezu kwesisodwa ngobudala nesisindo kumele zifakwe esihlalweni semoto esinikeza isivikelo esikhulu kunazo zonke. Ngakho-ke, gcina izingane zibheke emuva ngemuva kwesikhathi ngangokunokwenzeka, kwi-harness ebheke phambili ukuya emkhawulweni wesihlalo semoto, nasesihlalweni seboster kuze kube yilapho i-seatbelt ifanelana.
Maine
Umthetho we-Maine udinga izingane nezinsana ezinesisindo esingaphansi kwamakhilogremu angu-40 ukuze zivikeleke kahle esihlalweni semoto esamukelekile. Izingane ezingaphansi kweminyaka eyisishiyagalolunye nangaphansi kwama-80 amakhilogremu ukugibela esihlalweni semoto noma isihlalo sobukhulu. Izingane ezineminyaka engaphansi kwezingu-18 kumele zigqoke amabhande asezihlalo uma zingekho esihlalweni semoto noma esihlalweni sobuxhasi, kanti izingane ezingaphansi kweminyaka engu-12 futhi ezilingana namakhilogremu angama-100 kufanele zigibele esihlalweni sangemuva uma kungenzeka.
EMassachusetts
Umthetho waseMassachusetts udinga ukuthi zonke izingane ezingaphansi kweminyaka eyi-8 nangaphansi kwama-intshi angu-57 ubude ziboshwe kahle futhi zivikeleke esihlalweni semoto esivunyelwe yi-federally or booster seat, ngokusho kwemiyalelo yomkhiqizi. Izingane okungenani okungu-8 ubudala noma ezide kunamasentimitha angu-57 kufanele zisebenzise imoto yokubeka imoto uma i-seat belt ihambisana kahle. I-Fit ichazwa njengebhande lesikhumba eliphansi futhi lihlwitha phakathi kweziqhwa, ibhande lehlombe phakathi kwesifuba kanye nehlombe, emuva nangesikhumba ngokumelene nesihlalo semoto ngaphandle kwe-slouching, amadolo aguqe phezu komphetho wesihlalo nezinyawo phansi phansi futhi angahlala kulokho isikhundla sohambo lonke. Lo mthetho ubuyekezwe ngo-2008.
Michigan
Umthetho waseMichigan udinga izingane ezingaphansi kweminyaka engama-4 ukuba zigibele esihlalweni semoto esihlalweni sangemuva semoto. Uma zonke izihlalo ezingemuva zihlala ezinye izingane ezingaphansi kweminyaka engu-4, noma kungekho isihlalo esingemuva, ingane ingase igibele esihlalweni esingaphambili futhi kufanele isalondolozwe kahle esihlalweni semoto. Izingane ezibhekene nezihlalo ezibheke emgwaqweni zikwazi ukugibela kuphela esihlalweni semoto nge-airbag yangaphambili uma ivaliwe. Kusukela eminyakeni engu-4 kuze kube yilapho beneminyaka engu-8 ubudala, izingane kufanele zivinjelwe kahle esihlalweni semoto noma isihlalo sobuxhasi. Izingane ezineminyaka engaphansi kwezingu-8 kodwa ezide kunezingu-4'9 "zingasebenzisa ibhande lezinqola zemoto. Abantwana abaneminyaka engama-8 kuya ku-16 kumele bagqoke ibhande lokuhlala kungakhathaliseki ukuthi bahamba kuphi emotweni.
Minnesota
Kubuyekezwe ngo-2009, umthetho we-Minnesota udinga ukuba izingane ezineminyaka engu-7 nangaphansi zivinjelwe esihlalweni esifanelekile, esiphethwe yi-federally approved or seat booster ngaphandle uma ingane ingu-4'9 "noma ubude. Izihlalo zezimoto kumele zifakwe futhi zisetshenziswe ngokwemiyalo yomkhiqizi. ngaphansi komnyaka owodwa ubudala futhi esilinganisweni esingamakhilogremu angu-20 kufanele agibele esihlalweni semoto esibhekene nomuva. Umbuso waseMinnesota uphakamisa ukuthi ukuhambisana nomthetho wokuphepha emotweni kuyisilinganiso esincane sokuphepha nokuthi abazali kufanele basebenzise imikhuba emihle futhi bagcine izingane emuva kwesihlalo kuze kube neminyaka engu-13. Amaphoyisa angadonsela abashayeli ngenxa yokusolakala ukuthi ayisebenzisi izingane zokuvimbela.
Mississippi
Umthetho we-Mississippi udinga ukuba zonke izingane ezingaphansi kweminyaka engu-4 zigibele esihlalweni semoto. Izingane ezineminyaka engama-4 kuya kwezingu-7 kumele zisebenzise uhlelo lokuvimbela ingane oluhlangabezana nezidingo zabo zeminyaka nesisindo, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi zihlalaphi emotweni. Bonke abashayeli kanye nabagibeli bezimoto zangaphambili kudingeka ukuba bagqoke ibhande lokuhlala eMississippi. Ifa lokuhlukumeza ngu-$ 25.
Missouri
Imithetho yase-Missouri idinga izingane ezingaphansi kweminyaka engama-4 nangaphansi kwamakhilogremu angu-40 ukuba zigibele esihlalweni semoto esamukelekile sezingane esilungele iminyaka yobudala nengane. Izingane ezineminyaka engu-4 kuya kwezingu-7 ezilinganisa amakhilogremu angama-40 kodwa okungenani okungamakhilogremu angama-80 noma okungenani okungenani u-4'9 "ubude kumele zigibele esihlalweni semoto esifanele somntwana noma isihlalo sobuxhasi. Abantwana abaneminyaka engama-8 kuya ku-18 kumele bagqoke isihlalo sobukhosi. futhi kuvimbela izingane ezingaphansi kweminyaka engu-18 ukugibela embhedeni weloli engavaliwe.
I-Nebraska
Umthetho we-Nebraska udinga zonke izingane ezineminyaka engama-6 ukuthi zigibele esihlalweni semoto esivunywe yi-federally noma isikhwama se-booster esifanele iminyaka yobudala, ukuphakama nesisindo somntwana. Izingane ezineminyaka engama-6 kuya kwezingu-18 kumele zibe sesibhinceni sokuhlala uma zingekho esikhwameni se-booster noma kwenye indawo efanelekile yemoto. Umthetho we-Nebraska uvimbela izingane ezingaphansi kweminyaka engu-18 ukuba zigibele ezindaweni eziphethe imoto kunoma iyiphi imoto. Abashayeli kanye nabagibeli bezimoto zokugqoka kumele bagqoke ibhande lesikhulu noma bahlale esihlalweni sokuphepha kwengane.
I-Nevada
Umthetho we-Nevada uthi abantwana abangaphansi kweminyaka engama-6 no-60 amakhilogremu bahamba ngesihlalo somoto esivunyelwe yi-federally noma isihlalo sobukhulu esifaneleka isikhathi somntwana nesisindo. Isihlalo sezimoto noma isikhombisi kufanele sifakwe bese sisetshenziselwa ngokulandela imiyalelo yomkhiqizi. Bonke abanye abagibeli nabashayela kufanele bagqoke isihlalo sobukhosi.
I-New Mexico
Umthetho omusha waseMexico udinga ukuthi zonke izingane ezingaphansi kweminyaka engu-18 zivinjelwe kahle emzimbeni wezimoto, isihlalo sobukhulu noma isihlalo sokuhlala. Umthetho uphinde ucacise ukuthi ukuvinjelwa ngokufanele kusho: 1) izingane ezingaphansi kweminyaka eyi-1 kumele zigibele ubuso obheke ngemuva emzimbeni wezimoto ezivunyelwe kwisiteji ngemuva uma imoto inomunye, hhayi phambi kwe-airbag; 2) izingane kuze kube usuku lokuzalwa lwesikhombisa, kungakhathaliseki isisindo, futhi zonke izingane ezinesisindo esingaphansi kwamakhilogremu angu-60, kungakhathaliseki ubudala, ukugibela esihlalweni sokuphepha kwengane esamukelekile, futhi 3) izingane ezineminyaka engu-7 kuya kwezingu-12 kumele zivikeleke kahle ibhande lesikhulu noma isikhwama se-booster federally approved ehambisana nokuphakama nesisindo sabo. I-seatbelt iyadingeka kuze kube yiminyaka engu-18.
Umthetho omusha waseMexico ukhuluma ngokubhekelele ibhande elifanele izingane. Ukuvinjelwa ngokufanele kusho ukuthi ibhande lesikhumba lihlala phansi ngaphesheya kwezinkalo futhi hhayi esesiswini, nokuthi ingxenye yesigxathu yesibhande sokuhlala iwela esifubeni, hhayi ikhanda noma intamo. Lapho sigqoke ibhande lesikhulu, umthetho waseNew Mexico uthi izingane ezivikelekile kahle zikwazi ukuhlala emuva ngokumelene nesihlalo semoto ngamadolo abo aphezu kwesihlalo sobukhosi futhi angahlala endaweni efanele kulo lonke uhambo.
I-New York
Kubuyekezwe ngo-2009, umthetho waseNew York uthi izingane kufanele zigibele esihlalweni semoto esifanele noma isihlalo sezinkinobho kuze kube yilapho sifinyelela ukuzalwa kwazo okungu-8. Izingane ezineminyaka engaphansi kwengu-4 kufanele zivikeleke kahle ekunqandeni kwengane okuqinisekisiwe emotweni ngesibhande sokuhlala noma uhlelo lwe-LATCH. Izingane ezingaphansi kweminyaka engu-16 zidinga ukugqoka i-seatbelt. Umbuso ukhuthaza futhi kodwa awudingi, ukuthi izingane zihlale esihlalweni sezinkinobho kuze kube yilapho zifinyelela ku-4'9 "noma i-100 lbs futhi zingahlala kahle ebhande lomuntu omdala kahle. Ungadonsa futhi uthole ithikithi le-seatbelt noma isihlalo semoto ukwephulwa.
North Carolina
Umthetho waseNorth Carolina udinga ukuthi zonke izingane ezineminyaka engaphansi kwezingu-8 nangaphansi kwama-80 amakhilogremu ukugibela esihlalweni semoto esetshenziswa kahle noma isihlalo sobukhulu. Izingane zingasuswa esikhwameni sokuhlala lapho zifinyelela eminyakeni engu-8 noma 80, noma yikuphi okuza kuqala. Uma ibhande lesigqoko / ihlombe lingatholakali ingane enesisindo esingaphezu kwamakhilogremu angama-40, ingasetshenziswa ibhande lesikhwama elifanelekile, ngoba izihlalo ezinomsoco akufanele zisetshenziswe ngamabhande okuhlala kuphela. Izihlalo zezimoto kufanele zifakwe esihlalweni sangemuva uma ingane ingaphansi kweminyaka engu-5 ubudala futhi isisindo esingaphansi kwamakhilogremu angu-40. Izingane ezineminyaka engu-16 ezingadingeki ukuba zihlale emotweni ngesisindo kumele zigqoke isihlalo sobukhosi. Inhlawulo yokwephulwa yinkokhelo emihle yokufaka imali engaba ngu-R3 263 namaphuzu amabili ngokumelene nelayisensi yakho yokushayela.
E-Ohio
Umthetho wase-Ohio wavuselelwa ngo-2009. Kudinga izingane ezingaphansi kweminyaka emine ubudala futhi zingaphansi kwamakhilogremu angu-40 ukuba zigibele esihlalweni semoto esifanele noma isikhombisi sokukhula kwengane nengane. Isihlalo somoto kufanele sisetshenziswe ngokuya komyalelo womkhiqizi. Izingane ezineminyaka engama-4 kuya kweziyisikhombisa ezingaphansi kuka-4'9 "ubude kumele zigibele esihlalweni esiphakanyiswayo se-federally federalally. Izingane ezineminyaka engu-15 kumele zigqoke ibhande lesikhulu noma zivikeleke ohlelweni olufanele lokuvimbela ingane. .
Oregon
Umthetho we-Oregon, owavuselelwa ngo-2007, udinga ukuthi zonke izingane zigibele esihlalweni semoto esamukelekile esenziwa yi-federally kuze kube yilapho sinciphisa okungenani amakhilogremu angu-40. Izinsana kufanele zigibele ezisekelweni ezibheke emotweni kuze kube yilapho zifinyelela kokubili unyaka oneminyaka engu-20 nangama-pounds angu-20. Izingane kufanele zisebenzise isihlalo se-booster kuze kube yi-4'9 "ubude ngaphandle kokuthi okungenani baneminyaka engu-8 ubudala. Oregon uncoma kakhulu ukuthi izingane ezingaphansi kweminyaka engu-12 zigibele esihlalweni sangemuva. Bonke abagibeli nabashayeli kudingeka bagqoke i-seatbelt.
Pennsylvania
Umthetho wasePennsylvania udinga ukuthi izingane ezingaphansi kweminyaka engama-4 zigibele esihlalweni semoto esamukelekile esasetshenziswe ngokomthetho esifanele iminyaka yobudala, ukuphakama nesisindo somntwana. Ukuvinjwa kwengane kumele kusetshenziswe kahle futhi kuvikeleke emotweni besebenzisa uhlelo lwe-seatbelt noma uhlelo lwe-LATCH. Izingane ezineminyaka engama-4 kuya kwezingu-8 kumele zisebenzise isihlalo se-booster uma zingasasesihlalo somoto. Umthetho wasePennsylvania udinga izingane ezineminyaka engama-8 kuya ku-18 ukuba zisebenzise i-seatbelt noma nini lapho zikhona emotweni, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi zihlala kuphi. Imali yokungahambisani nayo i-$ 75.
I-Rhode Island
I-Rhode Island umthetho ithi izingane ezingaphansi kweminyaka engu-8 ezilinganisa amakhilogremu angama-80 futhi zingaphansi kwamasentimitha angu-57 kufanele zivinjiswe kahle emzimbeni wezimoto zangemuva esihlalweni semoto esamukelekile noma isihlalo sobuphofu. Bonke abagibeli abaneminyaka engama-8 kumele bavinjiswe ngokufanelekile esihlalweni sobukhosi. Abantwana abaneminyaka engaphezu kwengu-8 abangakatholi kahle i-seatbelt kahle bangaqhubeka nokusebenzisa isihlalo se-booster. Inhlawulo yengane engaphansi kweminyaka engu-8 esihlalweni sangaphambili noma ingane engaphezu kweminyaka engu-8 engagqoki isihlalo sobukhosi i-$ 85. Isiqu sokungathuthi ingane engaphansi kweminyaka eyi-8 esihlalweni semoto noma isihlalo sobukhulu sidinga ukuvela enkantolo.
South Dakota
Umthetho waseNingizimu Dakota udinga zonke izingane ezingaphansi kweminyaka engu-5 futhi zibe nesisindo esingaphansi kwamakhilogremu angu-40 ukuze zisebenzise isihlalo somoto esifanelekile noma se-booster kuzo zonke izikhundla zokuhlala. Zonke izingane ezineminyaka engu-17 nangaphansi zidingeka ukuthi zigqoke ibhande lesikhulu uma zingekho kakade esihlalweni semoto noma isikhombisi. Nakuba i-South Dakota ingenye yezinyunyana ezimbalwa zase-US ngaphandle komthetho we-booster seat, izihlalo ze-booster ziyanconywa kakhulu kuze kube yilapho ingane ishaya okungenani amakhilogremu angu-80 futhi i-4'9 "ubude.
Tennessee
Kubuyekezwe ngo-2004, umthetho we-Tennessee udinga ukuthi izinsana ezingaphansi konyaka owodwa ubudala futhi zibe nesisindo esingaphansi kwamakhilogremu angu-20 zihamba esihlalweni semoto esibheke ngemuva. Uma isihlalo semoto sinomkhawulo wesisindo esibhekene nomuva esingaphezu kwamakhilogremu angu-20, ungagcina usana lubheke emuva ngemuva konyaka kanye namakhilogremu angu-20, futhi umbuso uncoma ukuthi wenze kanjalo kuze kube umkhawulo wesihlalo semoto. Izingane ezineminyaka engaphansi kwezingu-4 kufanele zivinjiswe ngokufanele esihlalweni semoto esamukelekile esetshenziswe ngokusho komyalelo womkhiqizi. Izingane ezineminyaka engama-4 kuya kweyisishiyagalombili ezilinganiselwa ngaphansi kwezingu-4'9 "ukuphakama kumele zisebenzise isihlalo se-booster. Izingane ezingaphansi kweminyaka engu-16 ezingekho emotweni noma ngesixhumo sezimoto zisebenzisa ibhande lemoto. .
Texas
Umthetho waseTexas wavuselelwa ngo-2009. Kudinga ukuthi izingane ezingaphansi kweminyaka engu-8 zigibele esihlalweni semoto noma isihlalo sobukhosi uma kufanele sibe ngu-4'9 "ubude. Kumele ukhethe ukulungiswa okufanele ukuphakama kwengane yakho nesisindo, ngokusho kwezincomo zomkhiqizi. Ukwengeza, umthetho waseTexas uthi ngesikhathi sokusebenza kwemoto, ingane kufanele ivikeleke kahle esihlalweni semoto noma isikhwama sokuxhaswa ngokwezimiso zomkhiqizi wesistimu yokuhlala esihlalweni sokuphepha. Izingane ezineminyaka engaphansi kwengu-17 kufanele zifakwe emotweni ibhande lesikhulu.
Washington
Kubuyekezwe ngo-2007, umthetho we-Washington udinga ukuba izingane ezingaphansi kweminyaka eyisishiyagalombili zivinjelwe ohlelweni olufanele lokuvimbela izingane (izihlalo zemoto noma izihlalo zokuphakamisa) ngaphandle uma ingane ingama-4'9 "amade. Amantombazane angaphansi kweminyaka eyodwa ubudala futhi enesisindo esingaphansi kuka-20 Amakhilogremu kumele agibele esihlalweni semoto esibheke ngemuva. Izingane ezineminyaka engu-8 noma ngaphezulu, noma ezine-4'9 "noma ezide, kufanele zisebenzise isihlalo sobukhosi noma ukulungiswa kwengane efanelekile. Izingane ezineminyaka engaphansi kwengu-13 kumele zihanjiswe ezihlalweni ezingemuva lapho kunengqondo ukwenza kanjalo.
Lo mthetho ubizwa nangokuthi u-Anton Skeen Law, obizwa ngezingane ezashona e-crallover ngenxa yokuthi, nakuba ayevinjelwe ngokomthetho ngaleso sikhathi, i-seatbelt yemoto ayikwazanga ukuyivikela ngesikhathi se-crash.
West Virginia
Umthetho wase-West Virginia udinga ukuthi zonke izingane ezingaphansi kweminyaka engu-8 zigibele endaweni efanelekile, ephethe ifomu noma emotweni eyisikhulu esiphethwe yi-federal noma isixhumo esifakwe esetshenziswayo futhi isetshenziswe ngokuya komyalelo womkhiqizi. Uma ingane ingaphansi kweminyaka engu-8 ubudala kodwa ide kakhulu kune-4'9 ", ingane ingase ikhwele ebhantshini lesikhulu ngokwemithetho yaseWest Virginia. Ukuphepha kwabagibeli kubantwana ngumthetho oyinhloko eNtshonalanga Virginia. Lokhu kusho ukuthi isikhulu samaphoyisa singakudonsela ngaphezu uma engakholelwa ukuthi ingane yakho ivinjelwe kahle.