Izingxoxo ezibalulekile zokuba nabahlengikazi ngokuphepha kwesibhamu
Abazali bakhuluma nodokotela wezingane mayelana nezinkinga eziningi zempilo yengane nezokuphepha, kodwa ngokuvamile, ukuphepha kwesibhamu akuyona ingxenye yengxoxo.
Udaba lokuthi kukhona izibhamu ekhaya noma lapho izingane zihlala khona noma zihambela kubaluleke kakhulu, futhi ucwaningo olwenziwa ngo-September 2016 lwabazali ngabacwaningi eWashington University School of Medicine lubonisa ukuthi kuyinkinga esebenza emindenini eminingi .
Abacwaningi bahlola abazali abangu-1 246 emakamelo okulinda izingane baseMissouri nase-Illinois ukuze bathole ukuthi bazovuma yini ukuxoxa ngokuphepha kwesibhamu nabodokotela bezingane zabo. Kutholakale ukuthi cishe ingxenye yengane emindenini ecashunwe kubikwa ukuthi ichitha isikhathi emakhaya ephethe izibhamu, futhi bambalwa kulaba bazali bekhuluma nabantwana babo ngokuphepha kwesibhamu.
Ezinye izihluthulelo ezisemqoka ezivela kulesi sifundo:
- Amaphesenti angama-36 abazali abacwaningiwe babika izibhamu emakhaya, kanti aba-2/3 babazali bathi babephethe isibhamu esisodwa.
- Kulaba bazali ababengekho izibhamu emakhaya abo, amaphesenti angu-14 abike ukuthi izingane zabo zazivakashela njalo izindlu zezihlobo nabangane ababephethe izibhamu.
- Abazali abangaphansi kwamaphesenti angu-13 bathi bacela abazali bomngane wabo mayelana nezibhamu.
- Abazali abangaphezu kwamaphesenti angama-20 ababephethe izibhamu bathi bagcina izibhamu nezinhlamvu endaweni efanayo, kanti amaphesenti angu-25 athi okungenani izibhamu eyodwa zalayishwa. Kuleli qembu, amaphesenti angu-14 athi izibhamu zafinyeleleka kubantwana.
- Abaningi abangamaphesenti angu-18 abanikazi bezibhamu bathi bathatha izibhamu emasakeni abo, izikhwama, ama-holsters, noma ngaphakathi kwezimoto zabo lapho beshiya amakhaya abo.
- Amaphesenti angu-75 kubo bonke abazali (ababili abanikazi bebhamu kanye nabanye) bathi bacabanga ukuthi izingane kufanele ziluleke abazali ngokugcina ukuphepha kwezibhamu.
- Amaphesenti angu-22 abanikazi bezibhamu athi bayengeke baqaphele izeluleko zokungabi nezibhamu endlini kanti cishe amaphesenti angu-14 athi bazocasuka iseluleko esinjalo.
- Amaphesenti angu-12,8 kuphela kubazali bonke athi babe nengxoxo mayelana nezibhamu nengane yezingane zabo.
Okwenza Abazali Bakhulume Ngokuphepha Kwebhamu
Ukufa okuhlobene nezibhamu kulinganiselwa ukuthi kungenye yezimbangela ezintathu zokufa ezinganeni, ngokusho kwezibalo ezikhulunywe yi-AAP (American Academy of Pediatrics). Futhi ngokusho kwe-US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, izingane ezingu-2,465 nabaseminyakeni engaphansi kweminyaka engu-20 bafa ngezigameko ezihlobene nezibhamu; 15,091 baphathwa ngamakamelo aphuthumayo, kanti abangu-6.213 baboshwa esibhedlela ngo-2013.
Naphezu kwalezi zibalo, ezibonisa izingane eziyingozi futhi ezikhona manje, abazali abakhulumi nezingane zezingane zabo ngokuphepha kwesibhamu. Ezimweni eziningi, odokotela banamahloni okuhlukanisa noma ukulahlekelwa iziguli ezingase zizwe sengathi zigxekwa noma zigwetshwe; ngezinye izikhathi, bangase bangaqiniseki ngalokho abakuyo futhi abangavunyelwe ngokomthetho ukukhuluma ngezibhamu nezingane. Kodwa njengamazinga okulimala nokubonisa ukufa, kubalulekile ukuba nalezi zingxoxo.
Abacwaningi bomcwaningi wabazali waseWashington University basikisela ukuthi enye indlela yokuvula okungenani indaba yokunciphisa ukulimala nokufa okuhlobene nezibhamu ezinganeni ingaba isazi sezingane ukuxoxa nabazali mayelana nendlela yokugcina izibhamu ngokuphepha, ngaphandle kokubabuza ngokuqondile ubunikazi bezibhamu.
Lokho Abazali Okufanele Bakhulume Ngomntwana Wezingane Zabo
I-American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) ithi indlela engcono kakhulu yokuvimbela ukulimala kwesibhamu noma ukufa kwabafundi ukungabi naso isibhamu ekhaya. Kulabo abasagcina izibhamu ekhaya, i-AAP iluleka ukuthi kugcinwe izibhamu ukulayishwa futhi ivalwe izinhlamvu nazo zikhiyiwe ngokuphepha endaweni ehlukile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, bayeluleka abazali ukuba baqiniseke ukuthi izihluthulelo zifihliwe.
Kubo bobabili abazali abagcina izibhamu ekhaya nalabo abangabantwana babo abangabhekana nezibhamu endaweni abavakashelayo, kubalulekile ukuba nengxoxo mayelana nokugcina okuphephile nezinye izinkinga zokulimala nokuvimbela ukufa.
Nazi ezinye izingqinamba okufanele uzikhumbule lapho ukhuluma ngokuphepha kwesibhamu odokotela:
Ngisho nabazali abangenazibhamu emakhaya abo kufanele bafunde ngokuphepha kwesibhamu. Kanjani isibhamu esilondolozwe endlini yomngane lapho ingane yakho iqhubeka idethi yokudlala ? Abazali kanye nogogo nomkhulu bangaba nesibhamu ngokuphepha bevalekile, kodwa kwenzekani uma ingane iya endlini yomngane ukudlala futhi akunjalo lapho? Ukuba nengxoxo nodokotela wezingane kungaba yisikhumbuzo esibalulekile kubazali ukuthi kubalulekile ukubuza imibuzo mayelana nokugcinwa kwezibhamu lapho ingane ihamba khona ukudlala noma ukuvakashelwa.
Bheka ngale ndlela: Abazali bakhathazeke ngokuthi ngabe ingane yabo izobe iboshelwe emotweni lapho omunye ingane egibela emotweni yomunye umuntu, kodwa kungenzeka bangacabangi ukubuza ukuthi kukhona izibhamu endlini nokuthi zivikelekile.
Isitoreji esiphephile sisho ukuthini? Ukuba nesibhamu esithwele, noma isibhamu ngezinhlamvu eziseduze naso, ehabhinethi elitshiywe akusho ukuthi ingane iyazi ukuthi ikhibhodi igcinwa kuphi. Ukuya ku-intanethi ukuthola amathiphu ekugcineni kwesibhamu okuphephile nakho kungabangela inkinga: Ngokusho kwe-AAP, isifundo sathola ukuthi amaphesenti angu-2 kuphela amawebhusayithi e-search ajwayelekile akhuluma ngokugcinwa kwezibhamu anikeze ulwazi olufanele nolusiphelile mayelana nendlela yokugcina izingane ziphephile emakhaya izibhamu. Ukukhuluma nodokotela wezingane mayelana nokugcina isitoreji esiphephile kunganika abazali imininingwane ebalulekile.
Ukukhuluma nje nengane mayelana nokuphepha kwesibhamu akuwanele. Njengoba nje ucwaningo lubonisiwe ukukhuluma nje ngezingane mayelana nezingozi zokukhuluma nabantu abangabazi noma ukuzivikela ekumelaneni nabantwana abaduni akuqinisekisi ukuthi izingane ngeke zilandele umuntu onamakhono okuphatha izingane, ukukhuluma nezingane mayelana nokuphepha kwesibhamu akusho ukulimala noma ukufa ngeke kwenzeke.
Izingane zifuna ukwazi ngokwemvelo, futhi zivame ukuqaphela ngokugcwele ingozi yento ethile, ngisho noma ibonakala ibonakala. Futhi ngisho noma ingane yakho iqaphele, umngane wakhe kungenzeka ukuthi angeke futhi abe nesibhamu esithwala eduze nomntanakho. Khuluma nodokotela wezingane wengane yakho ukuthola amathiphu abalulekile okuphepha ukuvimbela inhlekelele.