Yimaphi ama-Ray UVA ne-UVB Rays ebalulekile eSuntan?
Abantu abaningi bafuna i-tan, kodwa uyazi ukuthi ithani lesikhumba? Inani elikhulu lemali, isikhathi nomzamo uthola, nokugcina isikhumba esikhucuziwe. Intsha yethu ivame ukukhathazeka ngokuba ne "ephelele" ngisho nangomuthi. Kodwa kwenzeka kanjani?
I-Ultraviolet Rays
Ilanga lethu liveza izinhlobo ezintathu eziyinhloko zemisebe ye-ultraviolet: UVA, UVB kanye ne-UVC. Imibala ye-UVC ibanjwe ungqimba lwethu lwe-ozone futhi ayidlala isici ekukhanyeni.
Iningi, kodwa hhayi yonke, imisebe ye-UVB nayo ibanjwe ungqimba lwe-ozone, ngakho amanye ama-UVB adlala isici ekukhanyeni. Uma sikhuluma ngokukhipha ama-ultraviolet imisebe yelanga, i-UVA kanye neminye imisebe ye-UVB yilokho okubangela i-tan.
Imibala ye-Ultraviolet ayidalwa ngokulinganayo. Imisebe ye-UV kanye nemisebe ye-UVB inezinhlangothi ezihlukahlukene zama-wave, okuvumela ukuba imisebe ingene ezinqabeni ezihlukene zesikhumba. Imibala ye-UVB inamaphiko amafushane futhi iyingxenye yezingxenye zangaphandle zesikhumba (i-epidermis). Imibala ye-UVA inama-wavevel longer futhi ingangena ejulile kune-UVBs, kuze kube semdongeni, ungqimba ophakathi wesikhumba.
Indlela ama-Ray Ray enza ngayo iTan
Imisebe ye-UV ibangela ukuthungula ngendlela ethinta ngayo i-melanin esikhumbeni sethu. I-Melanin i-pigment esikhumbeni sethu esakhiwe ngamaseli okuthiwa i-melanocytes futhi yilokho okwenza isikhumba sethu sibe umbala wayo.
- I-UVA ibangela i-tan ngokukhipha i-melanin. Ngokuyinhloko, i-melanin ihlangabezana nokusebenza kwamakhemikhali ngemuva kokuba idalulwe ku-UVA, okwenza kube mnyama. Lapho i-melanin ibukeka ibumnyama, isikhumba ngokwawo sibonakala sincibilikile futhi sibumnyama.
- I-UVB ibangela ithani ngendlela ehlukile. I-UVB ibangele ukwanda komkhiqizo we-melanin esikhumbeni kanye nezinye izinguquko ezakhiweni ezilondolozwe i-melanin. Lezi ziphumo ze-UVB zibangela ukuba isikhumba sibe mnyama noma siphuziwe.
Kuthiwani Ngezibhebhe Zomculi?
Imibhede yokukhanyisa nokukhanyisa izibani ezisetshenziselwa ukucatshangwa ukuthi iyindlela ephephile yokuthumba ngaphandle, kodwa lezo zimangalo azikho neze iqiniso.
Imibhede endala yokuqothula isetshenziselwa ukuveza amagagasi e-UVB okwenza kube nokushisa okukhulu, ngakho le mibhede yashintshwa ukuze isebenze amagagasi e-UVA. Lawa mafutha awashisi isikhumba ngendlela efanayo namaza e-UVB ashisa, kodwa lokho akusho ukuthi baphephile. Amagagasi e-UVA acatshangelwa ukuthi abangela umdlavuza wesikhumba kanye nezindaba ze-immune system. Uma usuke wabona umuntu othunjiwe kakhulu kulo lonke impilo yakhe, ungabona ukuthi amagagasi e-UVA awonakalisa isikhumba ngendlela ekhuthaza ukugwinya okujulile.
Imiphumela emibi ye-UV Rays
Womabili ama-UV ne-UVB imisebe ingabangela ukulimala kesikhumba, kodwa njengendlela ehluke ngayo endleleni abonakala ngayo ukubonakala kwetheyini, ahluke ekukhoneni kwabo isikhumba. Njengoba kuphawulwe ngolwazi olwenziwe ngemibhede yokuqothula, kwakucatshangwa ukuthi ama-UVB imilayezo ayingozi kakhulu. Nokho, sifunda ukuthi i-UVA ingaba yiyo yonke into noma eyingozi kakhulu, njengoba ingena esikhunjeni ngokujulile.
I-Sunscreen ne-Ray Ray
Ukwazi ukuthi imibala emibili ye-UVA ne-UVB ingaba yingozi, kubalulekile ukhethe isibuko sosihla esihlanganisa zonke lezi zici. Ama-sunscreens amaningi awafihla imisebe ye-UVA. Qinisekisa ukuthi ufunde mayelana nezithako ze-sunscreen ezivikela imilayezo ye-UVA, njengemikhiqizo eminingi ayikho. Ngemuva kokuthola umkhiqizo ozovikela emiphakathini ye-UVA, hlola izinzuzo nezindleko zezithako ezivimbela imisebe ye-UVB.
Ungase uzibuze ukuthi kungani udinga ukwenza lo cwaningo ekukhetheni i-sunscreen kuwe-teen, futhi leli yiphuzu elibalulekile. Akukona okwamanje iziqondiso ezikhona ezisiza abazali ukuthi baziphi ama-sunscreen azinhle, futhi bazokwenza ingane yabo ibe yindlala edingekayo. Kuze sazi kabanzi, i-Environmental Working Group ihlanganise umhlahlandlela wokukhanya kwelanga ongakwenza enye yekhono lakho njengoba uzama ukuhamba ngendlela yakho ngokusebenzisa imikhiqizo eminingi etholakalayo.
I-Vitamin D ne-Ray Ray
Njengazo zonke izinto zokwelapha, sifunda ukuthi ngenkathi ilanga lingabangela ukulimala kwesikhumba okuholela ekugubheni ngaphambi kwesikhathi nangomdlavuza wesikhumba, kunezinye izinzuzo zesikhathi elangeni.
Ukugqoka isikrini selanga kungasiza ekuvimbeleni umdlavuza wesikhumba, kodwa ngaphansi kwehla, kungabangela ukuntuleka kwe-vitamin D. Ukuntuleka kwe-Vitamin D, kuhlangene nakho, kuhlobene nezifo eziningi ezivela eziningana zamagciwane ezibangelwa ukwanda kwesifo sokucindezeleka.
Iyini imithombo ye-vitamin D? Enye yezindlela eziyinhloko umzimba wethu awuthola ngayo i-vitamin D ngukungcoliswa kwelanga. Ungase ucabange ngemithombo yokudla, kodwa lokhu kunzima ngokudla okuvamile. Izifundo zokuvimbela umdlavuza zikhuthaza ukunconywa kwezinkulungwane ezingu-1 000 ze-IU eziphezulu nsuku zonke. Ingilazi yobisi iqukethe cishe i-100 IU. Ngamanye amazwi, kungathatha ama-glass angama-20 ebisi nsuku zonke ukuze athole u-vitamin D okwanele, umkhuba ongafanani nokudla okunempilo. Izithako ziyatholakala futhi. Ngokuphambene nalokho, ukuchitha imizuzu engu-10 kuya kwemi-15 elangeni ngaphandle kwesihenqo selanga ngosuku lokushisa ekugqoke izingubo zokukhanya kungaholela ekutholeni ama-IU 5,000.
Njengoba iningi labantu baseMelika lingaphansi kwamazinga e-vitamin D anconywayo, izinhlangano eziningi ze-dermatology manje sezicubungula kabusha izincomo zaso zangaphambili zesikrini ukuze mhlawumbe zifake isikhathi esifushane elangeni ngaphambi kokusebenza kwesibhakabhaka. Uma ukhathazekile ngomsana wakho, ukuhlolwa kwegazi okulula kungancuma lapho izinga lakhe likhona khona, futhi udokotela wakho wezingane angakusiza ukuba unqume ukuthi ngabe isisetshenziswa noma isikhathi esithile elangeni siyadingeka yini. Ngaphezu kwalokho, gcina amehlo akho ukuze uthole izincomo ze-dermatology mayelana nokuchayeka kwelanga okunempilo okungase kuguquke.
Ngaphansi kwe-Skin Tans
Imibala ye-UVA ne-UVB, kusukela elangeni noma kusukela embhedeni wokuthumba, yilokho okubangela ukuthi isikhumba siphume. Kunezingozi zokuthungula, futhi kubalulekile ukuxoxa ngokukhathazeka kwakho nengane yakho. Eqinisweni, ukuxoxa ngezingozi nezinzuzo zokuchayeka kwelanga kuyindlela enhle yokuxoxa ngokubaluleka kokulinganisela emisebenzini eminingi ekuphileni kwabo.
Imithombo:
Couteau, C., Diarra, H., noL. Coiffard. Umphumela woMkhiqizo woMkhiqizo, weNani loMkhiqizo Wesikrini Somsebenzi Osebenzayo, kanye neNzinga YezokuVikela Emkhakheni we-UVB kwiNqanaba Lokuvikelwa Okufeziwe ku-UVA Range. I-International Journal of Pharmaceutics . 2016. 55 (1-2): 210-6.
Kumar, Vinay, Abul K. Abbas, uJon C. Aster noJames A. Perkins. I-Robbins ne-Cotran Pathologic Basic of Disease. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier / Saunders, 2015. Phrinta.