Amaqiniso Ngezimpumputhe Zezihlobo

Iningi lawa mawele ngamawele omzimba (amawele abukeka ahlukile komunye nomunye). Funda kabanzi mayelana nokwabelana okuhlanganyelwe, kusuka endleleni abayifaka ngayo ukuthi bahlobene kanjani, kanye nokuthi bahluke kanjani kumawele afanayo .

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Bathuthukisa Ku-2 Amaqanda Ahlukene Nesibindi

Amawele omzimba ngamunye avela eqenjini lawo kanye nesidoda. Igama leli yi- dizygotic , kanti amawele afanayo afana ne- monozygotic . "Di" kusho amabili futhi "mono" kusho eyodwa. I-Zygotic ibhekisela ku-zygote, iqanda elikhuliswe yi-sperm elizokhula libe umbungu futhi likhule libe yintsana. Amawele e-monozygotic avela eqanda elilodwa kanye nesidoda esahlukana kabili emva kokukhulelwe.

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Bangaba Amadoda Ahlukile Noma Okufanayo

Ngenxa yokuthi amawele asondelene avela emibonweni ehlukene, angaba abafana, amantombazane, noma omunye wabo ngamunye. Ama-chromosomes avela ku-sperm kababa athola ubulili: XX ngentombazane no-XY yomfana. Ngenxa yalokho, amathuba okuba amawele angamazwe avela kubafana, amantombazane, noma inhlanganisela afana nalawo amanye abantwana. (Ngakolunye uhlangothi, amawele e-Monozygotic-efanayo, ahlale efana nobulili obufanayo, noma amantombazane amabili noma abafana ababili .)

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Ziyodwa kuphela njengezofuzo ezifana nanjengezinye izihlobo zakithi

Njengabanye abazalwane nodadewethu, amawele angamazwe ayohlanganyela ngamaphesenti angu-50 e-DNA yawo. Umuntu ngamunye uthola isigamu se-DNA eqanda likaMama kanye nengxenye esivela kulesidoda sikababa, ngakho-ke noma yikuphi inzalo ezimbili izoba nezimfanelo ezithintekayo. Kodwa akuzona umdlalo ophelele wezakhi zofuzo ezifana namawele afanayo.

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Kungenzeka noma Kungabheki Futhi Yenze Ngokufanayo

Amawele e-Monozygotic abizwa ngokuthi "afanayo" ngoba ngokuvamile anezimo ezibonakalayo nezici ezifanayo, okuvela eqinisweni lokuthi bane-DNA efanayo.

Ngamawele, ngakolunye uhlangothi, zifana nanjengabanye abantakwethu ababili. Bangabonakala behluke kakhulu. Bangaba nombala wezinwele ezahlukene, umbala wamehlo, isithunzi, nobuntu. Noma, kungenzeka ukuthi zifana kakhulu kangangokuthi zicatshangwa ukuthi zifana, njengoba nje ezinye izingane zakubo zingabonakaliswa ngokuphawulekayo, uma nje zilingana.

Amawele nama-multiples nawo ahlotshaniswa nemvelo yawo emva kokuzalwa, kanti ukufana okunye kuthuthukiswa ngoba bakhuliswa ekhaya elifanayo, bahlanganyela okuhlangenwe nakho okufanayo, futhi bafundiswa ezikoleni ezifanayo ngesikhathi esifanayo.

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Unayo i-2 Placentas

Ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, i-placenta inikeza ukudla okubalulekile kumntwana. Ngokukhulelwa okuphindaphindiwe ngamawele omzalwane, i-placenta iqala ingane ngayinye. Ngezinye izikhathi, noma kunjalo, ama-placentas amabili ahlangana ndawonye futhi abonakale abe yi-placenta eyodwa. Njengoba amanye amawele e-monozygotic ane- placenta eyodwa , lokhu kungenza kube nzima ukucacisa ukungabi nalutho ku-utero. Ngenxa yokuthi banama-placentas abo, amawele angamazwe asengozini yezinye izimo ezithinta amawele e-monozygotic, afana nama- TTTS noma amawele we-monoamniotic .

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Bangakwazi Ukugijima Emindeni

Amawele omndeni akwenzeka lapho kuneqanda elingaphezu kwelilodwa elikhulelwa. Ngokuvamile, iqanda elilodwa likhishwa kuma-ovari ngenyanga ngayinye, kodwa ngezinye izikhathi kukhona okungaphezu kweyodwa. Abanye besifazane bakhipha amaqanda amaningi kuwo wonke umjikelezo, isimo esibizwa nge-hyperovulation. Abesifazane abano-hyperovulate banamathuba amaningi okuba nezinwele zomndeni.

Ukuthambekela ekubhebhethekeni komzimba kungaba yisici sezakhi zofuzo. Ngale ndlela, iwele lokuzalwa lingaba yifa . Owesifazane onesisindo se-hyperovulation angadlulisela endodakazini yakhe. Khona-ke, amathuba okuba namadodakazi akhula.

Ngenxa yokuthi amadoda athatha ama-chromosomes angu-X (abesilisa) no-Y (abesilisa), angakwazi ukubamba umkhuba wokukhukhumeza futhi adlulisele emadodakazini abo, okwandisa amathuba amantombazane abo okuba namawele omndeni.

Kodwa-ke, ukuba negijimi ye-hyperovulation ayinyuli amathuba omuntu wokuzala amawele angama-fraternal. Indoda ithwala isisindo, kodwa ayishintshi iphethini le-ovulation lomama wezingane zakhe. Unayo izakhi zofuzo zakhe ezilawula ukuvuthwa. Esikhundleni salokho, kungaba yindodakazi yakhe eyayizuza ngefa lakhe. Yingakho amawele ngezinye izikhathi acatshangwa ukuba "aphuke isizukulwane."

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Bangahle Bakhulelwe Ngezikhathi Ezihlukene Namababa Ahlukene

Ngokujwayelekile, iqanda elilodwa likhishwa ngesikhathi sokuvuthwa. Kodwa ezimweni zokuxoshwa, amaqanda amaningi akhululwa. Ngezinye izikhathi lokho kwenzeka ngekhasi lezinsuku ezimbalwa phakathi. Ngemuva kweqanda elilodwa likhulelwa bese liqala ukuya esibelethweni sokufakela isisu, elinye iqanda lihlwanyelwa yisidoda esivela esenzakalweni esilandelayo socansi. Umphumela uba amawele omndeni owakhiwa ngempela ezinsukwini ezimbalwa ngaphandle. Lesi simo siyaziwa ngokuthi i- superfetation .

Kukhona ngisho nezimo zamawele ezihlobo ezinabobaba abahlukahlukene. Lokhu kwenzeka lapho owesifazane ekhulula amaqanda amaningi futhi enobudlelwano bobulili nomlingani ongaphezu kweyodwa. Uma iqanda lihlwanyelwa isilisa esivela kumuntu oyedwa, bese kuthi elinye iqanda lihlwanyelwe umuthi osuka komunye umuntu, umphumela ungamawele omndeni obaba abahlukene . Lesi senzakalo sibhekwa ngokuthi i-superfecundation.

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Ama-Twinning Amanani Amadayimane asuka Kuzo zonke izindawo

Ucwaningo lwabantu lubonise ukuthi amanye amaqembu abantu anezinwele ngokuphindaphindiwe, kuyilapho amawele engavamile phakathi kwamanye amaqembu. Ucwaningo olwenziwe ngo-2011 lubonise ukuthi amazinga aphakeme kakhulu wokuwahlukanisa atholakele kubantu baseCentral African, nezwe laseBenin elikhiqiza amawele amaningi. I-Asia neLatin America yayinezinga eliphansi kunazo zonke zokugubula.

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Kungaba Umphumela Wokwelashwa Kwezinzalo

Njengoba ubuchwepheshe bezokwelapha bwenza ukwelashwa okukhulisa ukwelashwa kufinyeleleka kalula, izinga lokubeletha kwamawele amabili lenyuke ngasekupheleni kwekhulu lama-20. Imithi yokwelapha, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi izidakamizwa ezifana ne- Clomid noma izinqubo ezinjenge-in-vitro fertilization ( IVF ), ngezinye izikhathi zikhiqiza amawele noma ama-multiples, iningi lalabo abazalwa ngokuphindaphindiwe kuba yi-dizygotic. Ezinye izimo ze-twinning ze-monozygotic zenzeka ku-IVF.

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Izinto zokukhulelwa zingathinta amawele omndeni

Amawele amathintekile impilo yakho nemikhuba ngesikhathi ukhulelwe. Ngenkathi izingane zakubo ezingamabini zingaba nemvelo ehlukene yokukhulelwa, amawele akho omndeni angabelana nokwanda noma ukunciphisa izingozi zempilo ngenxa yendawo yokukhulelwa.

Ukukhulelwa ngamawele kubeka izidingo ezengeziwe emzimbeni wakho uma kuqhathaniswa nokukhulelwa kwe-singleton. Unengozi enkulu yokukhulelwa komfutho wegazi, preeclampsia, isifo sikashukela sokugaya, nezinye izimo. Kukhona amathuba amaningi okubeletha ngaphambi kwesikhathi, kanti amawele okuzalwa, kanye namawele afanayo, angabelana ngale ngozi.

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Zingabangela Izimo Eziningi

Eziningi zezici ezithinta ukubeletha okuhlukahlukene kuphazamisa ukuwabelana okuhlangene. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi lezi zici zingakhuthaza ukukhukhumeza, okwenza ukukhishwa kwamaqanda angaphezu kweyodwa umjikelezo ngamunye futhi ukwandise amathuba okuba namawele .

Ubungcwele, iminyaka yobudala, zingaki ezinye izingane ozibelethile, ezide kakhulu, futhi unomqondo ophakeme womzimba womzimba wonke ezihambisana nengozi eyengeziwe yokuba namawele omndeni. Kukhona ubudlelwane obuthakathaka ngokusebenzisa amaphilisi okulawula ukuzalwa , folic acid, kanye nonyaka wonyaka. Lezi zinto azikhulisi amathuba okuba namawele afanayo.

Izwi elivela ku-Verywell

Amawele akho omndeni azohlanganyela izinto eziningi kuzo zonke izimpilo zabo emva kokuqala ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa okufanayo. Jabulela ukufana nokuhluka kwabo njengoba bekhula. Ngamaqiniso, uzokwazi ukubatshela ukuthi zihlukile kanjani.

> Imithombo:

> Akinboro A, Azeez MA, Bakare AA. Ukuvama kwejubane eningizimu-ntshonalanga yeNigeria. I-Indian J Hum Genet . 2008 Meyi-Aug; 14 (2): 41-47.

> I-American College ye-Obstetrics ne-Gynecologists. (Julayi 2015). Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa: Ukukhulelwa Okuningi.

> Hoekstra C et al. I-twinning ye-Dizygotic. Ukuvuselelwa kwe-Hum Reprod . 2008 Jan-Feb; 14 (1): 37-47

> Hoekstra C, Willemsen G, van Beijsterveldt CE, Lambalk CB, Montgomery GW, Boomsma DI. Ukubunjwa komzimba, ukubhema, kanye nokwahlukana okwenziwe ngezindlela zokuphefumula. Fertil Steril 2010 Feb; 93 (3): 885-93.

> I-intanethi ye-Mendelian Online ku-Man (OMIM): I-Catalog Online ye-Genetic Human and Genetic Disorders. (Juni 2016). I-Twinning, iDyzygotic.