Kulabo besifazane abaningi abakhulelwe, ukuthola ukuthi ubulili bomntwana wabo obusweni lwe-ultrasound bunesidingo esingaphezu kwesidingo. Kodwa kwabanye abesifazane abakhulelwe bafunda ubulili bomntwana wabo kubaluleke kakhulu, ikakhulukazi uma becabangela ukuhlolwa okungahambi kahle kwesifo esithinta ubulili obufana ne-Duchenne muscular dystrophy noma i-hemophilia.
Phakathi nokukhulelwa kwakho, cishe uzoba okungenani oyedwa noma ezimbili isimiso se- ultrasound . Ungaba nokuningi uma udokotela wakho ecabanga ukuthi ubonisiwe. Ngaphandle kwezimo ezithile ezimbi, ama-ultrasound abandulela ingane azenzanga ngokuqondile ukuhlola ubulili besisu .
Khumbula, ingane enempilo iyinhloso yakho yokugcina futhi isizathu sangempela sokuba i-ultrasound ngaphambi kokubeletha ukusiza ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ufeze lowo mgomo. Nansi ukuthi leyo ultrasound ingase ibonakale ngezigaba ezahlukene uma uthwele umfana.
I-Ultrasound yokuqala: Yonke Konke Nge-Angle
Ukuba ne-ultrasound phakathi kwamaviki angu-11 kuya kwangu-14 kuvamile. I-ultrasound kule minyaka yobuhlungu iyasiza ekuqinisekiseni usuku lwakho olufanele, futhi luyingxenye yokuhlolwa kokuqala kokungena engozini (i-ERA) yokungajwayelekile kwe-chromosomal, njenge-Down syndrome. Uchwepheshe we-ultrasound uzolinganisa umgogodla ngemuva kwenduku yentombazane. Bobabili umfana kanye nentombazana yentombazane banalo isikhala esigcwele amanzi. Uma ubukhulu be-translucency ye-nuchal bungaphezu kuka-3.5 mm buhlanganiswa nengozi eyengeziwe ye-Down syndrome.
Kule minyaka yobudala , awukwazi ukuhlukanisa phakathi kwabesilisa abasendlini ye-ultrasound. Ingxenye yengane ekhulayo yaba izingxenye zezintombazane noma izingxenye zomfana ibizwa ngokuthi i-tubercle yesisu. Kuvela ukuthi indlela isifo sofuba esakhiwa ngayo esifubeni somntwana ongumfana uhlukile endleleni esenza ngayo kwi-clitoris yentombazane yentombazane.
Okutholakele ku-11 kuya ku-14-Iviki le-ultrasound eliphakamisa umfana
Ngokubheka i-tubercle yesitho sangasese, kungenzeka ukuhlukanisa phakathi komfana nentombazane yentombazane. Kodwa khumbula, lokhu ngokuvamile akuyona ingxenye yesimiso se-ultrasound kule minyaka yobuhlungu. Uchwepheshe we-ultrasound udinga ukubuka imibono ethile eyengeziwe ye-fetus ekhulayo ukuze anqume le ngoma. Akuwona wonke ochwepheshe abazizwa bekhululekile ngokwenza lezi zilinganiso futhi eqinisekisa ingane engumfana.
Ukubeka Isigaba: Yini Okudingeka Yenzeke Ukwenza Umfana
Kuningi okwenzekile ngenkathi umntanakho omncane efinyelela amasonto angu-16. Ngisho nangaphambi kokuba isifo sofuba singene ezingxenyeni zamantombazane, izinguquko zenzeka ukusetha ukuthuthukiswa kwalezi zingxenye zomfana ezibonakalayo-okuyi-penis, scrotum, kanye namagundane.
Ngokusobala, isinyathelo sokuqala sokuba umfana uqala ngokukhulelwa kweqanda lakho ngesidoda esine-Y chromosome. Igayela le-SRY noma isifunda sokunquma ubulili ku-Y chromosome sinquma ukuthi amathelethi azokhula. Ngamaviki ayisithupha, amangqamuzana okuqala amancane akhipha into evimbela ukuthuthukiswa komzimba wesifazane. Ngamaviki ayisishiyagalolunye, i-testosterone ikhiqizwa. I-Testosterone yi-hormonone enkulu yama-sex emadodeni futhi kuyadingeka ukuthuthukiswa kokubeletha okuqhubekayo kwezitho zobulili zomfana.
Emasontweni angu-14 kuya kwangu-16, ngaphansi kwethonya le-testosterone, izici zofuzo zomntwana omncane ziqala ukubonakala.
Ukuqinisekisa Izinsuku Zakho
Akuyona isimiso sokuba ne-ultrasound emavikini angu-16, naphezu kwalesi sithombe.
Kodwa-ke, ngezinye izikhathi usuphuzile ukuya ekunakekeleni kokubeletha noma izinsuku zakho zingase ziphele futhi ugcina uphezulu kakhulu kunalokho ucabanga. Kulezi zimo, ungase ube namaviki ayishumi nesithupha (noma ngaphezulu) ngesikhathi sokuqala kwe-ultrasound yakho. Ngalesi sikhathi, sekuphuzile kakhulu ukuhlola ukuhlolwa kokuqala kwezinhlekelele. Kodwa lochwepheshe uzothatha isilinganiso se-fetus yakho ezosiza ekusunguleni noma ukuqinisekisa usuku lwakho olufanele.
Ngamaviki angu-16, zonke izingxenye zomfana wakho womntwana zenziwa. Ukuthuthukiswa komntwana wesisu manje kugxile ekukhuleni.
Ukuhlolwa koHlelo lomSebenzi bokuqala: I-Cervix Ubude
Esinye isizathu ungase ube ne-ultrasound emavikini angu-16 ukuhlola ubude bomlomo wakho wesibeletho. Lokhu kwenziwa ngokujwayelekile uma uhambisa ingane yokuqala (ngaphambi kwamasonto angu-37) ngaphambi kokukhulelwa. Ngokungafani ne-ultrasound yangaphambi kokubeletha, lokhu kuyi-ultrasound yangaphambilini futhi kwenziwa kuphela ukukala umlomo wesibeletho sakho.
Nakuba kungaqondakali kahle, ucwaningo lubonisa ukuthi insizwa yesilisa ihlotshaniswa nobungozi obandayo bokuqashwa kwabasebenzi. Ngakho-ke, uma unomlando wokubeletha kwangaphambi kokubeletha futhi ukhulelwe umfana, qiniseka ukuthi uxoxisana nodokotela wakho ngokuhlola ubude bomlomo wesibeletho.
Ngamaviki angu-16, ungaqala ukubona i-penis ne-scrotum echazwe kahle.
I-Anatomy Scan: Okuvezwa Okukhulu
Kunconywa ukuthi une-ultrasound phakathi kwamaviki angu-18 kuya kwangu-20. Inhloso yalesi ultrasound ukuqiniseka ukuthi ingane yakho ikhula ngokujwayelekile. Le ultrasound ivame ukubizwa ngokuthi i-anatomy scan.
Kungenzeka ukuthi uhlelwe ukuthi uthole i-ultrasound ephelele futhi ephelele. Le ultrasound ekhethekile ivame ukubizwa ngokuthi i-level 2 ultrasound futhi kungenzeka iphakanyiswe Uma uhlangabezana nemigomo ethile kuhlanganise (kodwa ngokuqinisekile ayikhawulelwe):
- Ubudala> 35
- Isifo sikashukela
- Ukutholakala kokuqala kwezidakamizwa noma imithi ethile
- Unamawele
- Unomlando womndeni wenkinga yokuzalwa yangasese efana nesici senhliziyo
Futhi yebo, lesi yisikhathi lapho i-ultrasound ingase iqiniseke ngokwengeziwe ukuthi unomfana (uma isebenza).
Ukuhlola Kuzo Zonke I-Anatomy Ye-Fetal
Ukuskena kwe-anatomy kungaphezu kokuthola ipeni.
I-ultrasonographer izobukeka ngendlela ehlelekile emntwaneni wakho ukuze uqiniseke ukuthi konke kukhula ngokujwayelekile. Lesi yisikhathi lapho kutholakala khona ukukhubazeka okungezansi komzimba. Ezinye zezinkinga zokuzalwa ezingatholakali ezitholakala kwi-ultrasound evamile zihlanganisa:
- Izinkinga zenhliziyo ezibangelwa yi-Congenital
- I-Club foot
- I-Cleft lip / palate
I-scan yesitoreji ingathola futhi nezinguquko ezingezona ezithile ezakhiwe ezingathintana ne-Down syndrome, ikakhulukazi uma ngaphezulu kweyodwa yalezi zitholakala ku-scan of anatomy. Lawa ma-soft markers we-Down syndrome afaka:
- I-echogenic
- Ukubhekisisa kwe-Echogenic intracardiac
- I-femur emfushane
- I-Pylectasis
Ikhamela enamahloni?
Ngaphandle kokuzwa ukuthi ingane yakho ikhula ngendlela evamile, ukufunda u-sex of fetus yakho cishe kuyilungu elilindeleke kakhulu le-scan.
Ngamaviki angu-18, i-penis ne-scrotum zithuthukile kahle futhi zivame ukubonakala kalula. Isithiyo esisodwa sokubona ukuthi unomfana yisimo se-fetus esibelethweni sakho. Ngezinye izikhathi umshini we-ultrasonographer akakwazi ukuthola ukudubula okwanele kwe-penis ne-scrotum ukuze athi ngokuqondile, "Umfana!"
Ukuthola "I-Money Shot"
Lapho i-ultrasonographer ithola i-angle engakwesokudla, ukubona lezo zingxenye zomfana kuhle kakhulu.
Lesi isithombe esihle sokukhombisa i-angle engcono kakhulu ukuthola ukuthi ingane yakho iyingxenye yomfana noma intombazane. Okungcono, ukuthola i-engeli ukusuka ngezansi, njengokungathi ingane yakho ihlezi esihlalweni, inikeza umbono omuhle futhi ocacile. Uma unomfana, uzobona i-penis ne-right scrotum emkhatsini wemilenze yomfana wakho.
Futhi, uma ukukhulelwa kwakho kungenakunzima, lokhu kungase kube yi-ultrasound yakho yokugcina.
Ukulandela okuphakathi kwe-trimester
Ukuba ne-ultrasound emavikini angu-21 akuyona ingxenye yenkambiso yokubeletha ngaphambi kokubeletha.
Kodwa-ke, kunezimo ezithile lapho ungase uzithole uthola i-ultrasound kule minyaka yobuhlungu. Izizathu ezivamile zokuthi kungani ungaba ne-ultrasound emavikini angu-21 zihlanganisa:
- Ukuhlola ubude bomlomo wesibeletho
- Landela ukukhanya kwe-anatomy yakho uma zonke izakhiwo zingabonakali ngokwanele emavikini angu-18 kuya kwangu-20
- Uma usuphuzile kakhulu ekunakekeleni kokubeletha, lokhu kungase kube yilapho kuqala ukuthandana ne-ultrasound.
Uma unesheke esingaqediwe, kukunika ithuba lokubheka lezo zingxenye zomfana futhi. Futhi uma unenhlanhla, ziyabonakala ngokwanele ukuthi zibambe ukudubula kwephrofayela.
Ukuqapha ukukhulelwa okunzima
Noma yisiphi i-ultrasound ngemuva kokukhipha i-anatomy ephelele akuyona ingxenye yesimiso sokunakekela izingane ngaphambi kokubeletha.
Ngokuvamile, kusho ukuthi kunento ephoqelela ukukhulelwa kwakho okumele kulandelwe. Mhlawumbe unesifo sikashukela noma umfutho wegazi ophakeme, noma mhlawumbe into ephawulwe ku-scan yakho yesatomy edingeka ukuthi iphindwe kabusha. Izizathu ezintathu eziphezulu ukuthi ungadinga ama-ultrasounds ngesikhathi sakho sezintathu ezintathu zihlanganisa isidingo sokuhlola:
- Ukukhula kwe-Fetal
- Indawo ye-Placenta
- Amniotic volume fluid
Ukuphatha indlela yakho ngokukhulelwa okulukhuni nazo zonke izivivinyo ezengeziwe nokuqokwa kungabangela ukucindezeleka. Kodwa ngethemba lokuthi uzobheka enye ingane yakho ingane izokhanya ngosuku lwakho.
Ukuphuma kwamaTest
Ukuphuma kwama-testes ku-scrotum yingxenye ebaluleke kakhulu yentuthuko evamile yengane yakho yomntwana.
Kuyinkimbinkimbi eqala lapho ingane yakho engumfana ingamaviki ayishumi kuphela. Phakathi kwamaviki ayishumi kuya kwangu-15, ama-testes aqala ukuphuma emathunjini omntwana futhi afike endaweni lapho izitho zomzimba zesilisa zakha khona. Bahlala embhedeni we-fetal kuze kube amasonto angama-26 kuya kwangu-35. Khona-ke, ngaphansi kwethonya le-testosterone, ama-testes aqala ukuwela phansi e-scrotum ye-fetal.
Ngamaviki angama-32, kokubili ama-testes ahlasele ngamaphesenti angama-95 wamantombazane omfana.
Nakulokhu, ukuzala kwe-testicular kuncike ngokuphelele ekukhiqizeni okuhle kwe-testosterone nge-fetus yesilisa. Uma ukukhiqizwa kwe-testosterone kungeneli noma kungaphazanyiswa nganoma iyiphi indlela, isimo esibizwa ngokuthi i- cryptorchidism (ama-testes angenayo) singabangela.
Cishe amaphesenti angama-3.4 wabantwana abasha ababelethwe ngesikhathi bazoba ne-cryptorchidism. Kodwa-ke, kunobunye ubufakazi obuphawulekayo obuphazamisayo bokuthi lokhu okungahambi kahle kuyakhuphuka ngenxa yokwehliswa kwe-utero kumakhemikhali okuphazamisa i-endocrine.
Ukuhlola ngaphakathi: Ukuhlolwa kwe-Antenatal ku-Third Trimester
Nakulokhu, nakuba kungengxenye yokujwayelekile yokunakekela izingane ngaphambi kokubeletha, kokuba ne-ultrasound emavikini ambalwa ngaphambi kokuba usuku lwakho olufanele lungavamile. I-ultrasound eyalalelwe ngalesi sikhathi ekukhulelwe ivame ukuyingxenye yephrofayili ye- biophysical -i-test ekhethekile esetshenziselwa ukuhlola impilo yomntwana.
Kungenzeka ukuthi uzothola umbono walokho okukhona manje izingxenye zomfana ezicacile phakathi nalolu hlobo lwe-ultrasound. Lesi sithombe sibonisa ngokucacile i-penis ne-scrotum, akukho ukuhumusha okudingekayo.
Izwi elivela ku-Verywell
Ngethemba ukuthi ujabule ukubona ukuthi ukuthuthukiswa komfana wakho kubonakala kanjani emavikini ahlukene ngesikhathi ukhulelwe. Ngokukhulelwa okungathí sina, ungathola nje umbono noma ezimbili, ngakho-ke lezi zithombe ezengeziwe zikunika okuningi kokuthuthukiswa kwakhe endleleni.
Khumbula: Ukuthola ukuhlolwa okungeziwe ngenxa yokuthi ukhulelwe kakhulu ukusiza ukuqiniseka ukuthi uhambo lwakho lwenyanga engu-9 luhamba kahle. Yize lokhu kungabangela ukucindezeleka, la mabhonasi akhokhela umntanakho kumsana we-ultrasound kungaba yisikhumbuzo (nakuba mhlawumbe kungadingekile) ukuthi kungani lezi zihlole zifanelekile.
> Imithombo:
> Ukuthuthukiswa kwe-Fetal Male Gender: Ukulinganisa iNdodana kaZwelonke yangaphambi kokubeletha kweStrotum nokuHlola kweNtshonalanga yeTestrasi R. Achiron, O. Pinhas-Hamiel, Y. Zalel, Z. Rotstein kanye neSpitz Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 1998; 11: 242-245
> Driscoll, DA, & neKomiti Yezobuchwepheshe Neziqondiso, iSJ (2008). Ukutholwa kokuqala kweThathu nokuhlolwa kwe-Fetal Aneuploidy. I-Genetic in Medicine , 10 (1), 73-75. http://doi.org/10.1097/GIM.0b013e31815efde8
> Efrat, Z., Akinfenwa, OO noNicolaides, KH (1999), Ukunqunywa kokuQala kokuThatana kobulili ngo-Ultrasound. I-Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol, 13: 305-307. i-doi: 10.1046 / j.1469-0705.1999.13050305.x
> Evanthia Diamanti-Kandarakis, uJean-Pierre Bourguignon, uLinda C. Giudice, uRuss Hauser, uGail S. Prins, u-Ana M. Soto, uRobert Thomas Zoeller, u-Andrea C. Gore; I-Endocrine-Ukuphazamisa Amakhemikhali: Isitatimende Scientific Endocrine Society. I-Endocr Rev 2009; 30 (4): 293-342. i-doi: 10.1210 / er.2009-0002
> Society for Medicine-Fetal Medicine. (2015, February 2). Impact ye-Fetal Sex in Risk of Preterm Birth. IsayensiIsiSayensi . www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2015/02/150202123708.htm
Izithombe ezitholwe nguRobin Elise Weiss, PhD.