Wake wake wazibuza ukuthi othisha bangakwazi kanjani ukufundisa ngempumelelo ekilasini eligcwele labafundi? Sonke siyazi ukuthi umuntu ngamunye uhlukile, okwenza okuhlangenwe nakho kwakhe kanye namakhono ahlukene ekilasini. Ukwengeza kulezo zinqubomgomo ezizama ukugcina izingane ezinokukhubazeka okuhlukahlukene eziklasini zamakilasi ezivamile isikhathi esiningi ngangokunokwenzeka, futhi kufanele uzibuze ukuthi kungenzeka yini ukufundisa ekilasini egcwele abafundi esikoleni namhlanje ?
Ngenhlanhla, amasimu okuklanywa nokuklanywa kwemikhiqizo inikeza imibono ehambisana ne-Universal Design Learning, evame ukubizwa ngokuthi i-UDL. I-UDL yinkqubo yokuklama enikeza ukufinyelela okuhle kakhulu nemiphumela kubo bonke abantu. Umgomo wukuthi wonke umfundi-kungakhathaliseki ukuthi unamakhono alahlekile, izidingo ezikhethekile, ezijwayelekile noma ezithuthukile-ukufunda ngendlela ehlangabezana nezidingo zabo.
U-UDL Uvelaphi?
I-UDL isekelwe ekunyanyeni kwemvelo yonke ekuklanyeni, ikakhulukazi kwezikhala zomphakathi. Le ntshukumo yazama ukwenza izindawo zifinyeleleke futhi ziwusizo kubo bonke abantu, kuwo wonke amakhono, ngaphandle kokuzivumelanisa isikhala kamuva. Esikhundleni sokuklama isakhiwo bese ucabanga ekupheleni kwenqubo yokuklama mayelana nendlela yokwengeza izici zokufinyelela ezifana nezimpande zamasondo ezihlalo zabakhubazekile noma ukufakwa kwezixhobo ezikhethekile, inqubo yokwakha yaqala ukuthatha isakhiwo sonke kufanele sifinyelele kubantu abaningi kakhulu.
Iphuzu elibalulekile ekwakhiweni kwendawo yonke ukuthi inqubo yokuklama ayizami nje ukwandisa ukufinyeleleka kwalabo abakhubazekile nalabo abangaphandle, uzama ukuklama ngempumelelo wonke umuntu. Umklamo wendawo yonke uhlelwe kahle ukuze kube lula ukusetshenziswa ngabantu abangenakho ukukhubazeka.
Kuyini UDL eMfundweni?
I-UDL iyiqoqo lezimiso zokuqondisa ezisetshenziswa ekwakhiweni kwekharikhulamu kanye nezifundo kusukela ezinyathelweni zokuqala ukuze inani elikhulu labafundi lizokwazi ukufunda ngokuphumelelayo nangokujulile. Inqubo yokuklama ibangela izinto eziguquguqukayo nezifundo ezingasetshenziswa yibo bonke abafundi. Izinguquko ezimbalwa kudingeka zenziwe ngesikhathi sokufundisa, njengoba ikharikhulamu isivele yenzelwe ukuguquguquka.
U-UDL ucabanga ukuthi ubuchopho bomfundi ngamunye buhlukile. Ngokusho kweNational Center ku-Universal Design Learning, ucwaningo lwe-Neuroscience lunikeze amanethiwekhi amathathu okufunda ahlukene. Ukufundiswa kwe-UDL kunikeza izinketho eziningi zokufinyelela inethiwekhi ngayinye ukuze wonke umuntu afunde ngendlela engcono kakhulu kubo:
- I-Recognition Network : Le nethiwekhi yomqondo womfundi ifuna ukwazi ukuthi yini efundwayo. Esikhundleni sokufundisa kuphela abafundi abavela encwadini yokunyathelisa, abafundi banikezwa izinketho ezihlukahlukene, kufaka phakathi izinkulumo zokufunda noma izincwadi zomsindo, imidwebo ebonakalayo noma izithombe.
- I-Skills and Strategies Network : Le nethiwekhi ikhuluma ngendlela yokufunda, noma ukuthi umfundi angabonisa kanjani lokho abafundile. Izinketho zingabandakanya ukunikeza umbiko womlomo, umbiko obhaliwe, ukulungiselela ingxenye yevidyo, noma ukwenza imodeli ebonisa lokho okushiwo.
- Ukunakekela nokubeka phambili Inethiwekhi : Le makheli wenethiwekhi ukuthi kungani amakhono nezinto ezifundwayo ziyindaba. Lokhu kuvame ukucatshangwa njengokubandakanyeka, noma ukubandakanyeka nalokhu okushiwo. Abafundi bangashintsha ngokukhethekile kulokho okuzokwenza bahlale benesithakazelo. Abanye abafundi bakhetha ukuba nethuba lokuthula lokuzibandakanya, kanti abanye abafundi bazofuna izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene kanye nethuba lokuhlola. Abanye abafundi bazokhetha ukufunda kweqembu, kanti abanye bayothanda ukusebenza bodwa.
U-UDL uzama ukulungisa zonke izinethiwekhi ezintathu kwisifundo ngasinye kumfundi ngamunye. Ngale ndlela, abafundi ngeke bazi kuphela izinto ezifundiswayo, bayakuqonda nokuthi kubalulekile noma kusebenziseka, nokuthi kungasetshenziswa kanjani.
Abafundi abanokukhubazeka okubukwayo bangasebenzisa izindlela zokuhlola, abafundi abahlukumezayo ukuhlela izinto zokusebenza bangakhetha indlela engcono kakhulu yokusebenzisa amakhono abo ngabanye, futhi abafundi abadinga ukuthula ukuze bafunde kangcono bangasebenza esimweni esithulile-ngakho wonke umfundi uzobona izidingo zabo zihlangene.
UDL eklasini
I-UDL inikeza uhlaka lokudala izifundo noma amayunithi. Othisha baqala ngokukhomba imigomo yokufunda yabo bonke abafundi babo. Imigomo yokufunda ngokuvamile isekelwe ezindinganisweni zokufunda nokulindelwe okuye kwachazwa yisikole noma isimo. Izibonelo zihlanganisa ukufunda elinye lamazinga ezingeni lesigaba elichazwe kumazinga ajwayelekile wombuso womphakathi .
Uma sekufundwa imigomo, uthisha ukhetha izindlela zokufundisa ezizobambisa izithiyo zabafundi babo ngenkathi zandisa ukufinyelela kwamanethiwekhi amathathu okubalulwe ngenhla. Izindlela zisekelwe ngendlela engcono yokuveza ngayo indaba.
Uthisha uzobe esebukeza ukuthi yiziphi izinto abahlela ukuzisebenzisa esifundweni. I-Curricula materials eyakhiwe ngokusekelwe ezinqunjeni ze-UDL zenzelwe ukuba ziguquguquke, ziguquguquke futhi ziguquke. Izinto zokwakha zivame ukufaka izinkulumo ezehlukene zemidiya namafomethi. Cabanga ngezincwadi zemibhalo nge-QR amakhodi emakhasini, ukuze abafundi bakwazi ukufinyelela ukuboniswa kwevidiyo kuthebhulethi etholakala ekilasini. Amavidiyo wekhompyutha angaba nemibuzo ngaphakathi kwesifundo sesitayela se-movie esihlola ukuthi abafundi bafundani futhi banikeze usizo uma kudingeka.
Isinyathelo sokugcina ukuhlolwa-kodwa ungacabangi ngalokhu ukuhlolwa kwesitayela esimisiwe . Ukuhlolwa kwe-UDL kuhloswe ukuhlinzeka ngempendulo okusheshayo kuyo yonke inqubo yokufunda ukuqinisekisa ukuthi abafundi bahlangana nomgomo wangempela owashiwo ekuqaleni. Othisha bayakwazi ukushintsha inkambo ngokushesha ukugcina bonke abafundi endleleni.
Ngenxa yokuthi ukuhlukahluka nokuguquguquka kuhlanganisiwe kusukela ekuqaleni, othisha bangakwazi ukulungisa kalula ukufundisa kwabo phakathi kwesifundo.
Ubani Osebenzisa UDL?
U-UDL uyindlela ewuthandwayo yezikole zomphakathi ezinabantu abahlukene nabafundi nabafundisi bezemfundo ekhethekile. I-UDL ivumelanisa nabafundi, ngesikhathi sangempela njengoba kudingeka, kunokulindela abafundi ukuba bavumelane nalokho okushiwo. Nakuba le ndlela ingasiza ekuqinisekiseni ukuthi izingane ezinezidingo ezikhethekile neziyingqayizivele ziyakwazi ukufunda, i-UDL iyindlela enamandla kubo bonke abafundi.
Othisha bangathola ukuqeqeshwa okuhluka ngobude nokujula ukusebenzisa iDL eklasini labo. Ukuqeqeshwa okuyisisekelo okuchaza izimiso futhi kunikeza ukubuka okusheshayo kokuhlelwa kwesifundo usebenzisa i-UDL kungafundiswa emahoreni ambalwa, kanti ukuqeqeshwa okuphelele kungase kube kwifomethi yeklasi yeklasi.
Imigomo ye-UDL ingasetshenziselwa ngaphambi k k ngokusebenzisa amakilasi ezingeni eliphezulu. Lezi zindinganiso zingasetshenziswa ngisho nesisebenzi senkampani noma olunye uqeqesho oluzimele.
Kungani Kufanele Abazali Bakhathalele?
I-UDL iyindlela ephumelelayo yokuba othisha bafundise iqembu elikhulu labafundi. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ingane yakho inokukhubazeka, isidingo esikhethekile, esivamile noma esithuthukile, ungaqiniseka ukuthi ingane yakho ithola izidingo zayo lapho othisha basebenzisa iDL eklasini labo.
Abazali abaningi namuhla bakhathazeka ngokuthi ingane yabo ingase ikwazi ukuthola izidingo zabo lapho othisha kufanele bahlangabezane nezidingo zaso sonke isigaba sabafundi. I-UDL yikho eyenza kwenzeke. Esikhundleni sokuba uthisha kufanele enze izifundo eziningi zezingane eziningi, ukuguquguquka kwakha kusukela ekuqaleni.
Ingabe i-UDL ngempela i-Term Fancy for Differentiation?
Cha. Nakuba u-UDL nokuhlukaniswa kokubili kokubili kuyindlela yokufinyelela bonke abafundi, kunezinye izinto ezihlukile. Ukuhlukahluka indlela yothisha yokwenza isifundo sifinyeleleke kalula eqenjini labafundi elingakatholakali ngokufaka izinketho kubafundi. Ukuhlukaniswa kufakwe ohlelweni lwesifundo ezinyathelweni zokugcina zokuhlela.
Imithetho ye-UDL ifakiwe kusukela ekuqaleni kokuhlelwa kwesifundo, emuva ezingeni lokukhomba umgomo wokufunda. Imigomo ye-UDL yakhelwe ukufinyelela bonke abafundi ngabanye, kanti ukuhlukaniswa kubandakanya abafundi emaphethelweni ekupheleni kwenqubo.
Thola uma ngabe iSikole Sengane Yakho Sisebenzisa UDL
Buza! Hlola uthisha wakho wengane ukuze ubone ukuthi basebenzisa ama-curricula aklanyelwe u-UDL noma bafunde ukuqeqeshwa kwesifundo se-UDL. Uma ngabe ingane yakho ingasisebenzisi i-UDL, ungase ufune ukubuza ukuthi yiziphi izindlela abazisebenzisayo ukuze bafinyelele bonke abafundi emakilasini abo.
> Umthombo:
> "Mayelana ne-UDL." Isikhungo Sikazwelonke Emklamo Wonke Wokufunda . Isikhungo Sikazwelonke Emklamo Wonke Wokufunda, 22 Julayi 2015.