Ngokuvamile Phakathi Nendlela Yokuzalwa Ngumntwana Usizi
Ukulimala kokuzalwa kuyindaba engathà sina. Ngokuvamile ngesikhathi sokuzalwa ingane ilimazwa, lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi ukulimala kokuzalwa noma ukuhlukunyezwa kokubeletha. Kwenzeka cishe ku-6 kuya kwabangu-8 kuzo zonke izingane zokuzalwa eziyi-1 000. Ukulimala kokubeletha kungenziwa ngenxa yokubeletha ngaphambi kwesikhathi, ubukhulu bomntwana (abantwana abancane noma abakhulu), isikhundla somama ekuzalweni, umsebenzi obanzi, isikhundla somntwana, nezinye izizathu.
Kungenzeka futhi kumama abanayo umntwana wabo wokuqala, umama onesifo sikashukela sokubeletha noma omama abanokukhubazeka kwe-pelvic.
Izinhlobo Zokuzalwa Kokulimala:
- Caput Succedaneum. Lokhu ukuvuvukala okukhulu kwe-scalp yengane. Kwenzeka njengengane ngesikhathi sokubeletha futhi kuvame kakhulu ezinganeni ezazalwa nge-vacuum extraction, nakuba zingase zenzeke njengoba ikhanda lomntwana licindezela umlomo wesibeletho isikhathi eside. Kukhona futhi ukulimala endaweni ye-caput. Ngokuvamile lokhu kuphela izinsuku ezimbalwa kuphela futhi ukuvuvukala kuhamba yedwa. Ingane yakho ingadinga ukuba ne-ultrasound ukuze ifune izinkinga ezengeziwe kwezinye izimo.
- Cephalohematoma. Lokhu kuphuma ngaphansi kwe-periostium (izicubu zangaphandle ezimboza ithambo) entweni yengane yakho. Kungase kungabonakali ngokushesha ngemuva kokuzalwa kodwa kubonise amahora ambalwa kamuva. Ukwelashwa ngokuvamile akudingekile kodwa kungathatha amasonto ambalwa noma ngisho nezinyanga ukuze lokhu kuphele ngokuphelele njengoba igazi libuyisela emuva. Kucatshangwa ukuthi kwenzeke cishe ngo-1-2% wokubeletha okuzenzekelayo kodwa kuvame kakhulu ekuhambisweni okusebenzayo (i- forceps ne- vacuum extraction ).
Ukuthuka. Lokhu kwenzeka njengoba ingane idlula emgodini wokuzalwa futhi ivame kakhulu uma ingane izalwa ngosizo lwe-forceps noma i-extrauum extractions. Lokhu futhi kuhamba ngokwakho ngokujwayelekile ezinsukwini ezimbalwa. Kuyaziwa nangokuthi ama-forceps amamaki lapho kusetshenziswe i-forceps.
- Ukuhlukanisa. Ukunqunywa kwesikhumba somntanakho kubangelwa yi-scalpel eseceleni se-cearean noma kusuka ku-extractor engavamile. Ezinye zingase zijulile ngokwanele ukuze zidinga i-sutures (ukugxila) noma zingase zibekwe, kodwa iningi lingaboshwa ndawonye. Ukutheleleka nakho kuyinkinga futhi isilonda singase siphathwe ngamafutha omuthi we-antibiotic. Indawo incike ekutheni i-cut cut is kwenzeka kanjani futhi ingancika ekumeni kwengane yakho esibelethweni.
- I-Hemorrhage ye-Subconjunctival. Lokhu kuyinto evamile kakhulu ezinganeni. Kungabangela eyodwa noma kokubili amehlo wengane yakho futhi ivele ibonakale njengobomvu emehlweni. Inani elibomvu lixhomeke emanzini amancane egazi aphukile. Akudingi ukwelashwa futhi akuthinti isikhathi somntwana wakho isikhathi eside. Ubomvu bukwazi ukuhlala ngaphezu kweviki.
- Ama-Fractures. Ukuphula i-clavicle (phakathi kwehlombe nentamo), owaziwa nangokuthi i-collarbone, enye inkinga uma kunezinkinga eziletha ihlombe lomntwana. Imifucumfucu ye-humerus nayo ingenzeka futhi nge- delivery breech . Lokhu kuvame ukuphulukisa ngaphandle kokwelapha, nakuba ububanzi bunganciphisa ubuhlungu. Phakathi nesikhathi lapho ingane yengane yakho iphulukisa khona, akukho ukunyakaza okuncane ohlangothini lwe-fracture.
- I-Brachial Palsy. Ukulimala kwe-plexus ye-brachial, iqembu lezinzwa ezisiza izandla nezandla, kungenza umntwana alahlekelwe amandla okuhambisa isandla sakhe. Lokhu kungase kube okwesikhashana noma okuphakade. Ingane yakho ingadinga i-x-ray, i-MRI noma ezinye izivivinyo ze-radiographic ukubona ubukhulu bokulimala. Ukuzivocavoca okukhethekile kungadingeka, njengokwelapha ngokomzimba ngenkathi kutholakala. Lokhu kuvame kakhulu nge- shoulder dystocia , lapho ingane yakho inenkathazo ngokuletha ingalo yayo.
- Ukubukeka Kwama-Nerve Paralysis. Uma ukucindezelwa kufakwa ebusweni bomzimba ukukhubazeka kungenzeka. Okuvame kakhulu ekuphoqeni ukubeletha, kepha kungenzeka ngaphandle kwalo. Ukukhubazeka kubonakala lapho umntwana ekhala. Umonakalo ungase uvele ngokwakho emavikini ambalwa.
- Ukushisa Kwemithi Yokwelapha. Yilapho imithwalo yegazi iphukile ngaphakathi kwe-skull yengane yakho. Lokhu kuphuma kungenzeka ezindaweni eziningi kuye ngokuthi yini eyabangela ukuphuma. Kuvame ngokwengeziwe ezinganeni ezingaphambi kwesikhathi. Izimpawu zidla kahle futhi zihlupha amagama amabili. Uma ingane yakho isengozini enkulu yokuphuma kwegazi, ukuhlolwa kuzokwenziwa ukuze kuhlolwe ukubola kwesisu.