Siza Izidingo Ezikhethekile Izingane Zilungiselela Ukufakwa Komphakathi

Akulula, kodwa kufanelekile ukutshala izimali

Ukungena komphakathi kusho abantu abanezinhlobo zokukhubazeka ezithintekayo kuzo zonke izinhlobo zemicimbi yomphakathi, imisebenzi, kanye nezinkathazo ngokusekelwa abadinga ukuphumelela. Ngenkathi lo mgomo ungase uzwakale ungengqondo (emva kwakho konke, akubona yini wonke umuntu ofanele ilungelo lokuba yingxenye yomphakathi abahlala kuwo) iqiniso lokuthi kunzima kakhulu ukufeza.

Ngokuqinisekile, abanye abantu abanezidingo ezikhethekile benza kahle emphakathini jikelele. Kodwa labo bantu bathambekela ekubeni ngabantu abanezinhlobo ezithile zokungafani. Futhi ukufakwa kwabo kufinyelela ekutheni kulinganiselwe izinhlobo ezithile zezinhlelo zomphakathi.

Ezinye izinselele zokungeniswa zinganqotshwa ngamasu namasu alula. Ezinye izinselele, noma kunjalo, kuthatha okuningi kunokulungisa okusheshayo. Nazi ezinye zezinkinga ezibhekene nezingane ezidinga izidingo ezikhethekile njengoba zizama ukuba zibalwa, zibandakanya amalungu emiphakathi yawo emikhulu.

Kuyini umphakathi (futhi kungani uhlukile esikoleni)?

Izinhlelo zeSikole yizigaba zemfundo ezinikeziwe, mahhala, kuzo zonke izingane zaseMelika. Izingane ezineminyaka engama-3 kuya kwezingu-22 zikhona, ngokomthetho, zinikezwa ngezinsizakalo ezidingekayo nezinsizakalo ezikoleni zabo zomphakathi. Ingane enenkinga yokufunda ekilasini evamile ingathola indawo yokuhlala eziningi; ezinye, ezifana no-1: 1 aid, zingadla isifunda kakhulu imali.

Abazali bahileleke ekwenzeni uhlelo lokufundisa oluzimele , oluba isivumelwano sezomthetho nesibophezelayo . Uma lesi sifunda singalandeli isivumelwano, abazali bangathatha isifunda ukuya ekukhulumeni, ukuxazulula, noma ngisho nenkantolo.

Umphakathi, ngokuphambene, yiyona yonke into engeyona isikole. Kunoma iyiphi indawo enikeziwe, ingafaka:

• Izikhungo zenkolo
• Izindawo zokungcebeleka nezinhlelo
• AmaMyuziyamu, ama-zoo, nezikhungo zemvelo
• Izinhlangano ezinomphakathi ezifana ne-Y ne-Boys and Girls Clubs
• Imiphakathi namaqembu avela ku-Boy and Girl Scouts kanye nama-4-H kumaqembu okudansa abantu kanye nemidvwebo yomphakathi
• Ubuciko kanye nezinhlangano zamasiko ezifana nemidlalo yaseshashalazini, amahholo ekhonsathi, nemidwebo
• Izinhlelo zokufundisa ezifana nezikhungo noma ama-studios womdanso, ubuciko bokulwa, ubuciko obuhle, umculo, ulimi nokunye
• Imihlangano yezombangazwe, imihlangano nezenzakalo

Ngaphandle kwesikole, imithetho efuna indawo yokuhlala ikhululeke kakhulu futhi ingasetshenziswa kakhulu. Yebo, i-ADA ikhipha, futhi yebo, izindawo eziningi zomphakathi zinikeza ukufinyeleleka kwezihlalo zabakhubazekile kanye nokubhala izincwadi nge-braille eminyango yokugeza. Kodwa ngaphesheya kwalokho, indawo yokuhlala egcwele kakhulu yindaba yokuzikhethela, hhayi isidingo.

Kungani Ukufakwa Kube nzima Kakhulu?

Kunezizathu eziningana zokuthi ukungena kweqiniso kunzima emkhakheni womphakathi. Nazi izinselele eziphezulu:

1. Imali. Ukungeniswa kuyamanani. Kubantwana abanezinselele zomzimba, ukufakwa kungadinga imishini ekhethekile nokuqeqesha abasebenzi noma izisebenzi zokuzithandela. Kubantwana abanezinselele ezingokomzwelo, ezenhlalakahle noma ezengqondo, ukufakwa kungadinga kokubili ukuqeqeshwa nokusekelwa okungu-1: 1. Akukho okunye okungabiza, ngisho noma izisebenzi zokuzithandela zihileleke ezingeni elilodwa.

1. Ukutholakala kwezinketho ezihlukanisiwe . Isidingo esikhethekile somntwana angase asiqonde imithetho yebhola, ngakho-ke ushaya ibhola bese egijima. Kungadinga umzamo omkhulu kumuntu wonke ukuze akwazi ukudlala lo mdlalo ngendlela efanele, ngakho angabalwa nabangane bakhe abajwayele. Ngeke yini kube ngcono kuye nakwezinye ezinye izingane uma nje ejoyine i- Challenger League lapho kudingeka khona izingane ezikhethekile ezihlinzekwayo futhi zanikezwa?
2. Izintandokazi zabazali. Nakuba kungase kubonakale sengathi abazali abadinga izingane ezikhethekile bangathanda ukufakwa phezu kwezinhlelo ezihlukanisiwe noma imicimbi efana ne-Autism Day e-Zoo, akuyona njalo indaba. Abazali abaningi bakuthola kunzima kakhulu ukuletha ingane yabo ngezidingo ezikhethekile kumcimbi noma uhlelo olujwayelekile. Kuthiwani uma ingane yabo iphuma noma iduma? Kuthiwani uma kungekho ndawo yokushintsha i-diaper yomntwana osekhulile? Kubazali abaningi, kulula futhi kujabulise ukuya ezifundweni ezidingekayo kanye nemicimbi lapho bengayihlulelwa khona, nalapho kudingeka khona izidingo zabantwana.

1. Izidingo Nezinkathazo 'Zabantu Bonke.' Ingabe kulungile ukuthi "wonke umuntu" kufanele, ngokwesibonelo, adlale eqenjini elisebenza naye ongakwazi ukukhahlela noma ukushaya ibhola kanye nabadlali bonke? Ingabe kulungile ukuthi amalungu ebandla lenkolo kufanele ahlale enkonzweni ngenkathi ingane iqhuma emuva nangemva futhi yenza umsindo? Ngokuvamile kunzima ukulinganisela izidingo zezingane ezidinga izidingo ezikhethekile nemisebenzi kanye nezidingo zamanye amalungu omphakathi.

Ingabe Ingane Yakho Ikulungele Ukufakwa?

Ukungeniswa akulungile kubo bonke abantwana, kuzo zonke izilungiselelo, ngaso sonke isikhathi ekuthuthukisweni kwengane. Njengoba u-Elaine Hall we-Miracle Project (uhlelo olusekelwe emibonweni yezingane ezihambisana ne-autism kanye noontanga lwabo oluvamile) uthi, "Uma izidingo ezikhethekile umuntu engakalungeli imvelo, akuyona eyakhe."

Uyazi kanjani ukuthi ingane yakho isilungele ngempela ukufakwa kunoma yisiphi isilungiselelo esinikeziwe? Nasi uhlu olufushane.

1. Ingabe ingane yakho inentshisekelo ohlelweni noma umcimbi ohlinzekwayo? Wena, njengomzali, ungacabanga ukuthi ibhola liwumdlalo omkhulu kumntanakho, noma ungamfuna nje ukuthi ahlanganyele emisebenzini efanelekayo. Kodwa, njengoba uNksz Hall esho, "Akusilo iphupho lomzali; kungcono ngephupho lomntwana."
2. Ingabe ingane yakho ingaqonda noma iqhaza kulo msebenzi ezingeni elizwakalayo? Isibonelo, uma ingane yakho ingakwazi ukuqonda okuqukethwe kwe-movie, kungenzeka ukuthi akufanele ibe semidlalo yaseshashalazini.
3. Ingabe ingane yakho ikwazi ukulandela imiyalo noma imiyalo noma ngaphandle kokusekela oyihlinzekayo? Uma ingane yakho ingakwazi ukulalela futhi ilandele imiyalo futhi awukwazi noma ungazimisele ukunikeza ukusekela ukusiza ingane yakho ukuba yenze kanjalo, kungenzeka ukuthi ingane yakho ingakulungeli ukuthola okuhlangenwe nakho komphakathi. Izinhlelo ezifana nokudoba izifundo, ukuhlola, nezemidlalo yokuzilibazisa konke kuxhomeke ekutheni izingane zikwazi ukuqonda nokuphendula imfundo.
4. Ingabe ukuziphatha kwengane yakho kungase kuphazamise okuhlangenwe nakho kwabanye ebandleni? Ezinye izindawo, ezifana nezindawo zokudlala, ziyizilinganiso ezinkulu. Izingane zingakhula noma zithule, zishesha noma ziphuze, futhi wonke umuntu angahamba ngesivinini sakhe. Kodwa ukuziphatha okukhulu, okuthukuthele, noma okungalawulwa kungaphazamisa okuhlangenwe nakho kwabanye, kusho, ikhonsathi noma inkonzo yenkolo.
5. Ingabe ingane yakho inamandla futhi igxile ekubambeni ohlelweni noma umsebenzi? Izinhlelo eziningi ezihloselwe izingane kanye nemindeni zidinga isikhathi esingeziwe sokugxila ngokomzimba nangokwengqondo kanye / noma umsebenzi. Lokhu kungaba nzima kubantwana abaningi abanezidingo ezikhethekile abangahle badinge amakhefu amaningi noma okuhlangenwe nakho okufutshane.

Indlela Yokulungisa Ingane Yakho Yokufaka

Ingane yakho inesithakazelo ekuhlanganyeleni ekuhlangenwe nakho komphakathi. Uzimisele ukusebenza nawe namanye amalungu omphakathi ukwenza umsebenzi wokufaka. Unamakhono namakhono adingekayo emisebenzini ethize onayo engqondweni. Kuhle-leso yisinyathelo sokuqala.

Kodwa ngenkathi indawo noma uhlelo olukuthandayo kuzodingeka wenze umsebenzi othile wokulungiselela ingane yakho (bheka isigaba esilandelayo) i-onus impela kuwe, umzali, ukulungiselela ingane yakho kuqala. Kungenxa yokuthi, kuningi lamacala, kubaluleke kakhulu kuwe ukuba ingane yakho ifakwe kunokuba inhlangano ikwazi ukufika kumntanakho. Kulula ukuthi inhlangano ingasho ukuthi cha, futhi kuwumsebenzi wakho ukwenza kube lula nokuba uthi yebo.

Ungaqala ngokufaka ingane yakho ohlelweni oluzinikezele lwezinhlelo ezikhethekile ukuze ukwazi ukuthola indawo ethile noma umsebenzi othile. Kubalulekile ukukhumbula, noma kunjalo, ukuthi "i-baseball" ekhethekile ayiyona i-baseball yangempela, futhi "izinsuku ezikhethekile" e-zoo zinemithetho ehlukene kusukela ezinsukwini ezijwayelekile e-zoo. Lokhu kusho ukuthi ingane yakho ingadinga ukuthola imithetho ukuze uvumelane nesipiliyoni esivamile. Kuze kube manje, kuyinto engavamile kakhulu ukuthola inhlangano ehlinzeka izinhlelo ezikhethekile, izinhlelo ezijwayelekile, nanoma yiluphi uhlelo loshintsho lokusiza izingane zihambe ukusuka komunye ukuya komunye.

Ngenhlanhla, kunezinye izinyathelo ezilula ongazithatha ukuze ulungiselele ingane yakho ukuba ifakwe ezinhlobonhlobo eziningi zokuhlangenwe nakho komphakathi.

1. Qala ngokuphula umsebenzi noma isipiliyoni ngezinyathelo ezincane. Okokuqala, ufika emidlalo yaseshashalazini. NGAPHAMBILI, uthenga amathikithi. OKULANDELAYO, uthengisa izivumelwano. OKULANDELAYO, uthola indlu yakho ethile. KULUNGILE, ukhetha izihlalo zakho. KULUNGILE, uhlala ngokuthula, ujabulele ukuphatha kwakho, futhi ubuke i-movie.
2. Uma kuyasiza kumntanakho, yakha ishadi elibukwayo elibonisa izinyathelo ezihilelekile. Ngokufanelekile, thatha izithombe zendawo oya kuyo, ngakho ingane yakho izoyiqaphela lapho ibona. Sebenzisa lezo zithombe ukudala indaba ebonakalayo yomphakathi echaza ukuthi kuzokwenzekani nokuthi yini ongakhetha kukho ingane yakho. Isibonelo, "Sizoya esimeni sokuthengiswa kwempahla. Ngiyakwazi ukukhetha i-popcorn noma i-skittles ye-snack yami."
3. Cabangela ukwenza amakhono athile ekhaya. Isibonelo, ungase ufune ukwenza ukuhleleka isiphuzo, unike ithikithi kumuntu othatha ithikithi, noma ngisho uhlezi ngokuthula ngezihlalo ngenkathi ubukela i-movie.
4. Hlela nendawo yokuvakashela kusengaphambili. Kungase kudingeke wenze lokhu izikhathi eziningana, kuye ngezidingo zomntanakho. Ukusebenzisa i-movie yaseshashalazini njengesibonelo, kungase kudingeke ukuthi unciphise ukuvakashela kwakho kokuqala endaweni yokubambela lapho izinto zokukhangisa neziphunga zingaba nzima futhi ziphazamise. Ekuhambeleni kwakho okulandelayo, kungase kudingeke uhambe uye ehholo elingenalutho bese ukhetha isihlalo. Ukuvakasha kwakho okwesithathu kungabandakanya ukuhlelwa kokubuka kuqala bese ushiya. Inqubo ingathatha isikhathi, ngakho-ke yiba nesineke futhi usekele. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ingane yakho izoba namakhono adingekayo ukujabulela impilo yama-movie okuqala!
5. Mhlawumbe okubaluleke kakhulu, njalo ube neBhodi B. Kwenzekani uma indawo yaseshashalazini ingaphandle kweSonto Elikhulu? Kuthiwani uma othile ehlala phambi kwengane yakho ukuze angaboni? Kuthiwani uma isipiliyoni sangempela singaphezu kwengane yakho? Yazi ukuthi yiziphi izinketho, yenza uhlelo, futhi wabelane ngalo nomntwana wakho nanoma ubani omunye onakho. Uma kunesidingo, sebenzisa i-Plan B ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.

Ngokusobala, le nqubo ihamba kancane futhi idla isikhathi. Kungabuye kuphazamise, ikakhulukazi uma ingane yakho ingaqondi ngokushesha noma ayikwazi ukusingatha izinselele ngokushesha. Isihluthulelo ukugcina amehlo akho kumklomelo: umuntu omdala onamakhono okuhlanganyela impilo egcwele, ecebile!

> Umthombo:

> Ingxoxo no-Elaine Hall, uMsunguli noMqondisi we-Miracle Project. Okthoba, 2017.