Kukhona imikhiqizo ehlobene nokudla eyaziwa ukuthi akukho-no ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa. Isibonelo, iziphuzo ezidakayo kufanele zigwenywe ngokuphelele ngabesifazane abakhulelwe ngenxa yobungozi bokukhubazeka kokuzalwa okunjengomkhuhlane we-fetal alcohol syndrome.
Kodwa kukhona ukudla okungeke ube nakho okujwayelekile okuye kwaxhunyaniswa nokukhulelwa kwesisu nokubeletha.
I-Listeriosis nokuHlala
I-Listeriosis isifo esivela yi-bacterium Listeria monocytogenes .
Kungase kungabangeli izimpawu ezibonakalayo kwabesifazane abakhulelwe kodwa kungabangela ukutheleleka okukhulu emntwaneni oholela ekukhulelweni kwesisu noma ekubelethweni . Lesi sifo singabangela nokubeletha kwangaphambi kokubeletha kanye nezifo ezisongela ukuphila ezinganeni ezisanda kuzalwa.
Yini Ebangela Listeriosis?
I-Listeriosis ingenzeka uma abantu benesifo se-bacterium Listeria monocytogenes. Ngokujwayelekile, ukuguqulwa kwegazi okubulala ama-bacterium. Ukudla okwenziwe ngemikhiqizo yobisi engaphathwa kahle, kanye nabanye, kungabangela ukuvezwa kwalesi sifo.
Imithombo evamile kakhulu ye-listeria yilezi:
- Izidakamizwa ezinjengezinja ezishisayo, ama-sausages, ukusikeka okubandayo, nokudla okunomsoco (ngaphandle uma kuvuselelwa okungenani ama-degree angu-160 F ngaphambi kokudla)
- Izinhlanzi zasolwandle ezibhemayo ezifana ne-lox ne-saumon esebhemayo
- Imikhiqizo yobisi engasetshenziswanga okubandakanya izinsizi ezimbalwa ezithambile
- Imifino ehlanjwe kabi - Njengoba i-listeria ikhona kakhulu enhlabathini, yonke imifino kufanele ihlanzwe ngokucophelela ukuze igweme amabhaktheriya.
Ngisho noma umkhiqizo wokudla ungcolile, noma kunjalo, abantu abadala abanempilo ngeke bagule. Abanye abantu bangase babe nezimpawu ezincane, kepha lezi zilahlwa kalula. Ngokuvamile, i-listeriosis ngokuyinhloko iyinkinga kubantu abasengozini, kuhlanganise nalabo abakhulelwe noma abanezifo ezonakalisa isimiso somzimba sokuzivikela njenge-AIDS.
Abesifazane abakhulelwe banamathuba amaningi okuthuthukisa ukutheleleka, kanti empeleni, amathuba okuphindwa kashumi okuthuthukisa lesi sifo kunabesifazane abangakhulelwe.
Abantu abangaba ngu-1 600 bagula nge-listeriosis minyaka yonke e-United States futhi abantu abangaba ngu-260 bafa ngesifo. Ukubaluleka kwabesifazane abakhulelwe kungenzeka ukuthi kunconywe ukuhlukunyezwa okuningi ngenxa ye-listeria.
Imikhiqizo Engamanzi Okungaziwa
Kuyinto elula ukugwema ubisi obungasetshenziswanga, njengoba imikhiqizo yobisi engaqondakali ngokuvamile ibhalwe ngokufanele. Imikhiqizo engaqondakali ingase ibhekiswe ngokuthi "ubisi oluhlaza" noma "ushizi obomvu obuhlaza."
Kungaba nzima kakhulu ukwazi ukuthi yiziphi izilwane eziphephile eziphephile futhi ezenziwa ngemikhiqizo yobisi engaphili kahle, ngakho-ke, ithwale ingozi ye-listeriosis. Amakhiwa amaningi angenisiwe, kanye nezinye iziphuzi ezifuywayo ezifuywayo, zingenziwa ngobisi obungasetshenzisiwe futhi kubalulekile ukwazi umehluko, ikakhulukazi uma uthenga esitolo sokudla.
Amachizi angenisiwe noListeria
Amachizi athambile athengisiwe ayengozini yokuthi uListeria angcolile ngoba ezinye zalezi zitshalo zingase zingabonakali. Gwema lezi zitshalo ezilandelayo ngaphandle kokuthi uqiniseke ukuthi zenziwe ubisi olungagciniwe (hlola ilebula) noma uphekwe kahle (i-ricotta e-lasagna ephekwe kahle cishe iphephile, isibonelo):
- Brie
- I-Camembert
- I-Feta
- Roquefort
- Ricotta
- I-Queso Fresco (nezinye izihlobo zaseMexico)
- Amanye ama-cheeses athambile - Uma ushizi lubonakala sengathi ushizi olunothile, ikakhulukazi uma lithengiswa noma lithengiswa esitolo sokudla "semvelo", qiniseka ukuthi ubuke ilebula bese uqaqa umkhiqizo ngaphandle uma kuphawulwe ngokucacile njengokungagciniwe.
Qaphela amaMakethe "ezemvelo" namaGreen
Ekuboneni kokuqala, ungase ucabange ukuthi wenza into enhle kakhulu enganeni yakho engakazalwa ngokuthenga ukudla emakethe yemvelo. Ngaphambi kokwenza njalo, kubalulekile ukuthi ucabange ukuthi kungani ezinye zezinhlelo ezinjenge-pasteurization zisetshenziswa.
Izinyosi ozitholayo ezimakethe eziluhlaza noma ezenziwe abakhiqizi abancane, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi zihlukahlukene, zivame ukwenziwa ngobisi obuhlaza futhi kufanele zigwenywe.
Ezinye ukudla okungaqukatha uListeria
Ukuze uzivikele ku- Listeria , qiniseka ukuthi ubuye uphinde uhlanzeke ama-pate okufrijiwe, izinhlanzi zasolwandle ezibhemayo ezingekho ekulungiseleleni okuphekwe, nezinja ezishisayo kanye nezinkuni ezidliwayo ezingazange zinyathelwe noma ziphinde zivuselelwe kuma-degree angu-160.
Ukwelashwa Nokuvimbela
Izimpawu ze-listeriosis ekukhupheni zifana nalokho okwakubhubhane futhi zibandakanya umkhuhlane, ama-body aches, kanye nezinwele. Izimpawu ezinzima ezifana nokudideka kanye nokuqothulwa nakho kungase kwenzeke. I-Listeriosis iyaphathwa ngama-antibiotic, kodwa ngoba ingabangela izinkinga ezifana nokukhulelwa kwesisu nokubeletha ngaphambi kokugula, kubalulekile ukuthi kube nomgomo.
Ngaphandle kokugwema imikhiqizo yokudla engenhla, kubalulekile ukugeza konke ukudla ngokucophelela futhi ugweme ukungcoliswa ngendlela ngezindlela ezifana nokusebenzisa ibhodi efanayo yokusika yezinkukhu nemifino eluhlaza. Njalo ukushisa inyama nezilwane zasolwandle kahle. Inkabi kanye nengulube kumele igwetshwe kuma-degree angu-145 nezinkukhu, ama-degrees angu-165 okufanele kuthathwe njengokuphephile.
Isiqandisiso esifanele sibalulekile kukho konke ukudla uma ukhulelwe, kodwa khumbula ukuthi i-listeria ingasinda esiqandisini. Eqinisweni, ingasinda njengoba iqhwa efrijini futhi.
Funda ngezinye izifo ezithathelwanayo ezingaba yingozi ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa . Ngaphezu kwalokho, thatha isikhathi sokufunda kabanzi mayelana nokuvimbela izifo ezithathelwanayo zokudla.
Imithombo:
U-Allerberger, F., no-S. Huhulescu. Ukukhulelwa Okuhlobene Ne-Listeriosis: Ukwelashwa Nokulawula. Ukubuyekezwa kochwepheshe We-Anti-Infective Therapy . 2015. 13 (3): 395-403.
Amasevisi Okulawula Nokuvimbela Izifo. Listeriosis. Abantu abasengozini - Abesifazane abakhulelwe nezinsana. Kubuyekezwe 12/12/16. https://www.cdc.gov/listeria/risk-groups/pregnant-women.html