Izifo ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa zingasakazeka ezinganeni ezingakazalwa
Injabulo yokuphila okusha ngaphakathi kwesisu esisakhulayo inikeza omama abalindele isisindo sokuzalwa semvelo ukuvikela nokuhlinzekela ingane yakhe. Abesifazane abakhulelwe bahlushwa imizwelo kusukela ku-elation kuya ku-paranoia mayelana nenhlalakahle yabantwana. Kwezinye izimo, ama-hormone omama angaba nemfanelo yalezi zinguquko zemizwelo. Kodwa kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi ukukhulelwa kuhambisane nezinhlelo zokuzivikela ezibuthakathaka ezingakwazi ukufaka ingozi yezifo eziningana ezithathelwanayo.
Lokhu kungafaka ezinye izifo ezivamile, njenge-CMV, nezinye izifo ezisezindaba, njengoZika. I-CMV, ikakhulukazi, ijwayelekile kakhulu.
Kungani Izifo Eziphezulu Zengozi Phakathi Nokukhulelwa?
I-fetus ekhulayo ingacatshangwa njengento yangaphandle ukuthi umzimba uyawamukela ngokunciphisa umkhuhlane wayo kuwo. Isivikelo somzimba sokuzivikela esivamile, esisebenzayo sibheka izinto zangaphandle futhi sikhusele ukuhlasela kwamagciwane ngokumelene nabo. Uma lolo lwangaphandle lungumntwana, isifo sokuzivikela somzimba, noma "ukuzivivinya umzimba," kuyadingeka ukuze ukhulelwe kahle. Kodwa-ke, ingozi ukuthi umphumela wokuzivivinya umzimba ushiya kokubili umama kanye nokukhula komntwana okutholakala nezifo eziningana ezithathelwanayo kanye nezinkinga ezingavamile ezinganeni ezinempilo. Kukhona futhi ukulibaziseka ekuhloleni ezinye izifo ngesikhathi sokuqala, njengokubala okumhlophe kuphakanyisiwe, omama abakhulelwe baphefumula ngokushesha futhi abanye bangakhululekile futhi bakhathala bangacatshangelwa ngenxa yokukhulelwa kunokutheleleka.
Yiziphi Izingozi Zengane?
"Ukudluliswa okumsindo" yigama elibhekisela ekusakazeni kwezifo ezivela kumama kuya komntwana. Lezi zifo zingase zenzeke lapho ingane isengumbilini ("utero"), ngesikhathi sokubeletha nokubeletha, noma emva kokubeletha (njengokuncelisa ukubeletha).
Izifo ezilandelayo zingasakazeka kusukela kumama kuya komntwana:
Ukutheleleka kwama-congenital (kudluliselwe ku-utero)
Ukutheleleka kokubeletha kuyisifo esithinta i-placenta ukuthelela ingane. Izinambuzane eziningi ezithathelwanayo zingabangela ukutheleleka kokubeletha, okuholela ezinkingeni zokuthuthukiswa komntwana, njengokungathi ngisho ne-microcephaly noma eminye imiphumela ekuthuthukiseni ubuchopho, noma ngisho nokufa
- I-TORCH isichazamazwi sezinguquko eziningana ezivame ukuzalwa. Lezi izi:
- I-oxoplasmosis
- Ezinye izifo (i-syphilis, i-hepatitis B, igciwane le-Coxsackie , igciwane le- Epstein-Barr, i- varicella-zoster virus (inkukhu yenkukhu), kanye ne- parvovirus yabantu )
- I-Rubella
- I-Cytomegalovirus (i-CMV)
- I-Herpes simplex virus
Muva nje sifundile nemiphumela yeZika engabangela uma ukutheleleka kwenzeka ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa.
Ukutheleleka kwe-Perinatal (ngesikhathi sokubeletha nokulethwa)
Ukutheleleka kwe-Perinatal kubhekisela ezifweni ezenzeka lapho umntwana ehamba emgodini wokuzalwa onegciwane. Lezi zifo zingabandakanya, kodwa azikhawulelwanga, izifo ezithathelwana ngokocansi . Isibonelo, ukutheleleka nakho kungenzeka ngokungcola ngezindaba ezifakiwe ngesikhathi sokubeletha.
Izibonelo zezifo ezithathelwanayo ngukuthi:
- I-CMV
- I-gonorrhea
- I-Chlamydia
- I-Herpes simplex virus
- I-Human Papilloma Virus (ama-warts omzimba)
- Iqembu B Streptococci (GBS)
- futhi kamuva nje, u-Chikungunya
Kunezinye izifo kanye.
Kungaba khona okuningi okufundayo ngakho. Kodwa-ke, ngosizo lwabachwepheshe bezezempilo, ukudluliselwa kwalezi zifo kungasetshenziswa ikakhulukazi kugwenywe (noma izingozi ziyancipha). Kwezinye izimo lokhu kungase kusho ukwelashwa; kwezinye izimo kungase kusho ukushintsha ukuthi ingane ihanjiswa kanjani. Kubalulekile ukukhuluma nodokotela noma omunye ochwepheshe bezempilo mayelana nanoma yiziphi izimpawu ezibuhlungu noma izifo eziwaziwayo.
Izifo zangemva kokubeletha (emva kokubeletha)
Izifo ezisakazeka kusukela kumama kuya emntwaneni emva kokubeletha ziyaziwa ngokuthi "izifo zangemva kokubeletha." Lezi zifo zingasakazeka ngenkathi zibeletha ngezifo ezincane ezithathelwanayo ezitholakala esifubeni sebele.
Ezinye izibonelo zokutheleleka emva kokubeletha yizi:
- I-CMV
- I-HIV
- Iqembu le-B Strep (GBS)
Kuzo zonke izifo ezithathelwanayo ngaphambi kokubeletha kanye nokubeletha, kunengozi yokuthi izifo zingase zibe nokulwa nezidakamizwa. Kwezinye izilungiselelo, lokhu kungenxa yokuthi ukutheleleka kwakutholakala ngemuva kokuxhumana nezikhungo zezempilo, kodwa hhayi njalo ngoba kunezinye izizathu eziningi zokuphikisa izidakamizwa.
Iziphi Izivivinyo Ezitholakalayo?
Ngokusekelwe emlandweni wezokwelapha, izimo eziyingozi, nokutholakala kwezifo ezithile ezithathelwanayo, kanye nemiphumela evela kuma-ultrasound nokuvakasha kokubeletha, udokotela wakho uzoqaphela ukuthi noma awudingi yini ukuhlolwa kwesibhedlela ukuze uthole ukutheleleka okuthile kokubeletha. Nakuba izivivinyo eziningana zokuxilonga zitholakala ezifweni zokubeletha, izinambuzane eziningi zihlola ngokucophelela iziguli zazo ngokususelwa ekuhloleni kwabo, kunokuba zihlolwe ngokujwayelekile.
Ngesikhathi se-ultrasound, uchwepheshe omuhle uzokwazi ukubona okungavamile okungase kubonise ukutheleleka kokubeletha. Uzobheka izinto ezingavamile ekuthuthukiseni, njengebukhulu bomntwana, usayizi wekhanda, kanye nokukhubazeka noma ukuthuthukiswa kwenhliziyo, izitho, amaphaphu, noma isisu.
Ngemuva kokubeletha, usana olusolwa ukuthi lunesifo sokubeletha luzohlolwa ngokuhlolwa kokuthuthukiswa kwakhe ngokomzimba kanye nokuhlolwa kwe-laboratory yamasampuli egazi ngezinga lama-protein, isibindi, amaplatelets, namaseli egazi. Uma kutholakala izimo eziphuthumayo, umntwana osanda kuzalwa kungenzeka ahlolwe ukuba khona kwe-microbe esithinta isifo esithathelwanayo.
Uma ukhulelwe futhi ukhathazekile mayelana nokutheleleka kokuzalwa, cela umhlinzeki wakho wezempilo ukuthi ngabe kufanele yini uhlolwe izifo.
> Imithombo:
> Ford-Jones, EL noRyan, G. Implications ye-Fetus of Infections Mothers in Ukukhulelwa. Izifo ezithathelwanayo, Edition 2. Cohen J noPowderly WG, abahleli. Elsevier Limited. 2004.
> Ama-CA, i-Playfair JH, i-Roitt, i-IM, i-Wakelin D, i-Williams R, ne-Anderson RM. Izifo ezithathelwanayo nezifo zokubeletha. I-Microbiology yezokwelapha. I-Mosby-Year Book Yurophu Limited. 1993. kk. 26.1-26.8.