Ukunyathela Amatshe Kusukela Eminyakeni Eyishumi Ngama-21
Njengabo bonke abanye abafundi ohlelweni lwesikole, izingane ezinezidingo ezikhethekile zihamba ngokushintsha okukhulu njengoba zifaka esenkulisa, enkulisa, esikoleni esiphakathi, esikoleni esiphakeme, nokuqeda iziqu zibe ngabantu abadala.
Kubantu abasebasha emisebenzini ekhethekile yokufundisa, noma kunjalo, lezi zinguquko akuzona isinyathelo esilula kuze kube sezingeni elilandelayo esiteji semfundo. Bandakanya ukucabanga okuningi, ukuhlela, ukuhlola, ukucwaninga, ukuhlangana, ukuxoxa, futhi ngezinye izikhathi ukuphikisana.
Abazali kudingeka basebenze namaqembu okuhlela wesifunda sabo ukuze baqinisekise ukuthi laba bafundi banezinsizakalo nezesekelo ezidingekayo ukwenza lezo zinguquko ziphephile futhi ziphumelele.
Ukwazi ukuthi yiziphi izinkinga lapho uhlangabezana nazo zonke lezi zinguquko nengane yakho, futhi ukwenza umsebenzi wakho wesikole ukuba ube yilungu leqembu, futhi kuzokusiza ukuba ube ummeli oqinile futhi osebenza kahle kumfundi wakho .
Ukuguqulwa: Ukungenelela Kwangaphambi KwezeMfundo Ezikhethekile-Ngaphambi K
Izinsuku ezintathu zokuzalwa kwezinsuku ezinganeni ezidinga izidingo ezikhethekile. Ngalokhu okubaluleke kakhulu kulandela ukudluliselwa kwemithwalo yemithwalo yokwelapha evela kubahlinzeki bokuqala bokusabela esikoleni sakho sendawo. Ngenkathi umhlinzeki wakho we-EI angakwazi ukukunikeza ulwazi ngalokho okufanele ukwenze futhi usize ukushelela ushintsho, kuzodingeka usebenze kahle futhi uxhumane kahle nesifunda sakho sesifunda ngaphambi kwaleso sikhala seminyaka.
Okungenani izinyanga ezintathu ngaphambi kokuba ingane yakho ihlasele i-0-3 enkulu, xhumana nomnyango wezemfundo okhethekile wesifunda sakho bese ubuza mayelana nezinsizakalo ezineminyaka emithathu ubudala.
Chaza ukuthi ingane yakho ikhona ekungeneni kokuqala. Kuzodingeka uhlole ukuhlolwa kweqembu lesifunda lesifunda lesifunda lesifundazwe sokufunda izingane ukuze ubone ukuthi kufanele yini ingane yakho ifanelekele esikoleni semfundo ekhethekile, futhi lokho kungathatha izinyanga ezimbalwa. Njengoba izinsizakalo ze-EI zizophela uma ukubekwa kwe-Pre-K yengane yakho kulungile noma cha, uzofuna ukuzama ukuvimbela ikhefu elide.
Ukuhlolwa kufanele kujabulise ingane yakho. Imiphumela ingase ibe yingozi kuwe. Akukaze kube lula ukuzwa ukuthi ingane yakho ibambezelekile futhi idinga izinsizakalo noma ukuthola umbiko omkhulu we-fat ngokuthi kungakanani usizo oludingekayo. Kodwa isenkulisa kufanele ibe yithuba elihle kumntanakho kokubili ukuthola ukwelashwa nokuzihlanganisa.
Lokho okuhlangenwe nakho kwezemfundo esikoleni esikhethekile okubukeka sengathi kubantwana abaneminyaka emithathu kuzohluka ngesifunda, futhi kufanelekile ukucela ukuthi ubuke uhlobo lokufundela ingane yakho. usuku lwesikole olufushane. I-Busing kufanele itholakale; ungase ufune ukuqinisekisa ukuthi uhlelo lomntwana wakho lubandakanya isihlalo somoto esihlinzekwayo, ikakhulukazi uma ingane yakho inomthamo we-muscle ophansi.
Kukhona amakilasi esikoleni esikoleni esikhethekile esikoleni seminyaka emithathu ubudala kanye nabantwana abaneminyaka emine ubudala, futhi emva kwalokho, kuzodingeka kwenziwe isinqumo ngokuthi ngabe kufanele yini ukuhlukanisa ingane yakho ngokwezemfundo ekhethekile nokuthi hlobo luni lwesigaba sokufundela luzofaneleka . Okwamanje, uma uneminyaka emithathu ubudala, noma yiziphi amalebula asetshenziselwa inqubo yokuhlola ayinamatheli. Izingane eziningi zihamba ngemfundo ekhethekile yezemfundo zasenkulisa futhi ziqhubekele emfundweni ejwayelekile. Thatha leli thuba ukunika ingane yakho usizo olwengeziwe nokusekelwa kule minyaka enhle kakhulu yokufundisa, ubone ukuthi ukuphi lapho sekuphelile.
Ukuguqulwa: I-Special-Education Pre-K kuya Kindergarten
Lapho ingane yakho isondela eminyakeni yobudala isifunda sakho sibeka njengesiqalo se-enkulisa - cishe, eminyakeni emihlanu ubudala - sekuyisikhathi sokucabanga ngokuguquguquka. Ezinganeni eziningi ezinesidingo esikhethekile , lokhu kuzosho ukuguqulwa kusuka ohlelweni lwezinsuku zasenkulisa ukuya ohlelweni lwe-enkulisa. Kungase kuhlanganise nokuguqulwa kusukela ngosuku oluthile kuze kube usuku olugcwele, kusuka esikoleni esisodwa kuya kwesinye, noma kusuka kolunye uhlobo lwepulani lokufundisa ukuya kwesinye.
Lolu shintsho lungaba lukhulu njengokunquma ukuthi ingane yakho ayidingi izinsizakalo zemfundo ekhethekile futhi ilungele ukuqhubela ekilasini elijwayelekile ngaphandle kokuhlelwa.
Noma kungenzeka kube mncane njengokuthatha isinqumo sokuthi ingane yakho ayilungele isikhathi esikhulu okwamanje, futhi izohlomula komunye unyaka ekuhleleni okujwayelekile kwezingane zasenkulisa.
Uzosizwa ekwenzeni lesi sinqumo ngethimba le-IEP okufanele lihlanganise uthisha wengane yakho nabahlengikazi, umxhumanisi wokufunda, isisebenzi senhlalakahle kanye nesazi sokusebenza kwengqondo esikoleni. Ingane yakho ingase ithole olunye ulwazi oluhle, nokuhlelwa okuhlelekile kwemfundo ekhethekile uma kungumzila obonakala ufaneleka.
Ngaphambi kokuba unikeze umbono wakho kulokho, qiniseka ukuthi unolwazi. Cela ukuthi ubone ezinye zezinketho ezitholakalayo kwengane yakho . Vakashela igumbi lokufundela elingaphakathi futhi ucabange kahle ukuthi ingane yakho ingangena kanjani kulowo mvelo. Yenza okufanayo kumakilasi okufundela enkulisa, noma omunye othisha abafakiwe abatholakalayo. Buza ukuthi ukubeka kuzohluka kanjani ngezigaba ezingafani, futhi ubuke lezo zindlela. Uma ukuphakanyiswa kwesigodi kungasikiselwa noma into ongathanda ukuyiphishekela, vakashela kulawo makilasi.
Uma kungenzeka ukuthi ukhulume nengane yakho ngalokho akuthandayo nokungathandiyo ngezingane zasenkulisa, thola ukuthi kukhona yini okuthandayo mayelana nokuthi ungathanda ukuthini noma ubani. Ingxoxo enokwethenjelwa ngothisha wengane yakho, futhi, mayelana namandla namandla obuntwana bakho ezimweni ezihlukahlukene, futhi uthole ukuthi uthisha uyancoma ngani nokuthi kungani. Uthisha ungowesibili kuphela kuwe ngesikhathi esichitha nomntanakho, futhi mhlawumbe unomqondo omuhle walokho okunye okunye okufundela khona nokuthi bafundele kanjani abanye abafundi.
Lokhu kunguquko enkulu, ebalulekile, ukuqinisekisa ukuthi, kodwa akuyona inhlekelele uma ungayitholi kahle okokuqala. Akusizwakala ukuthi abafundi abafundele imfundo ejwayelekile ukulibazisa inkulisa ngonyaka noma bayithathe uma kudingeka ukuvuthwa okuncane. Uma usuwenze isinqumo ngokuthi ingane yakho kufanele ihambe nini eneminyaka emihlanu ubudala, hlala phezulu kwesimo. Vula ithuba lokuba ushintshe izinto ezingasebenzi noma ukulungisa ukubekwa okubekwe ematheni noma okungafuni ukuthanda.
Njengoba ingane yakho iqala ngokusemthethweni emgwaqeni omude wokufunda, uqala emgwaqeni omude wokukhuthaza esikoleni. Lokho kuyizinto ezimbili ezisabekayo kodwa zigcwele nethuba. Lungiselela ukwenza okungcono kakhulu.
Ukuguqulwa: Isikole esiQala esikoleni esiphakeme
Lapho ingane yakho ishiya izikole ezisezingeni eliphansi izikole eziphakathi nendawo eziphakeme, kuyishintsho esikhulu - kokubili umfundi wakho osemusha kanye nawe. Njengomzali, kungenzeka ukuthi ushiya abafundisi abakhethekile namalungu weqembu owakhe ubuhlobo nabo. Eminyakeni yengane yakho esikoleni samabanga aphansi, kungenzeka ukuthi ufunde indlela yakho ngokuzungezile ohlelweni futhi wazi ukuthi yini esebenza kulowo mvelo, futhi manje imvelo izoba yinto entsha ngokuphelele.
Njengoba ingane yakho yenza lezi zinguquko zibe ngamabanga aphakeme, angase alethwe emihlanganweni kaningi futhi anikezwe ithuba lokuba nomthelela kumacebo esizayo. Unyaka wesikole ingane yakho ineminyaka eyi-14, i-IEP kumele iqukathe izinhlelo zokushintshela esikoleni esiphakeme, kubandakanya ukuthi yiziphi izifundo ezithathwayo nokuthi yiziphi izifundo ezilandelayo noma umsebenzi ongasilandela. Ngaleso sikhathi, kungenzeka ukuthi ungacabangi kakhulu esikoleni ngosuku olulandelayo, kodwa kufanelekile ukucabanga ngalokho okufunayo kuleso sakhiwo, nokuthi yini ingane yakho okufanele isho uma ibuzwa.
Njengoba i-IEP izohlelwa yithimba esikoleni ingane yakho ishiya, ungathola ukuthi abasebenzi abenza lolu hlelo abazi kangako ngalokho okutholakala khona, noma yikuphi ukuhlala kwengane yakho okuzoyidinga. Yenze leyo ndawo yakho yobuchwepheshe ngokuhlangana nabafundisi noma abaphathi esikoleni esilandelayo phezulu. Bona ukuthi isikole sakho esiphakeme sinomxhumanisi wokuguqula ongakwazi ukuhlangana nawe esikoleni esisha, ukuxoxa ngezinto ongafuna ukubhekana nazo kwi-IEP, mhlawumbe uze uze kumhlangano we-IEP uphinde uhlinzeke ngezwi elinolwazi.
Qinisekisa futhi ukuthi izici ze-IEP ezisunguliwe kakade - njengokubheka ibhasi, i-single-one-one-paraprofessionals, izincwadi zokufunda ekhaya, zidlulisela emakilasini ngezikhathi ezingekho, noma izinhlelo zokuziphatha - ziqhutshwa phambili IEP entsha. Qinisekisa ukuthi ukwelashwa kuyaqhubeka ezingeni elihlinzekwe ngaphambilini, noma, uma kunciphisa kunconywa, uthole incazelo enhle yokuthi kungani kungukuthi nokuthi kuzophathwa kanjani. Faka isitatimende somzali ukuze bonke labo othisha abasha abangakwazi wena noma ingane yakho bathole isingeniso ngokushesha.
Ekugcineni, sebenzisa nomntanakho ukwandisa izinga lakhe lokududuza esikoleni esikhulu esishaqisayo. Buza ukuthi ungakwazi yini ukuletha ingane yakho ukuvakasha ngaphambi kokuba isikole siqale. Uma isikole sinikeza uhlelo lwehlobo, thola ukuthi kukhona indlela yokufaka umfundi wakho kulokho ukuze ajwayele isakhiwo esisha. Noma ngabe lolu hlelo alufanelekile, uma isikole sivulekile futhi sihlala, ungakwazi ukuhlela ukuletha ingane yakho ukuba ihambe kancane kancane nsuku zonke.
Ungase ukwazi ukuthola ukuthi ungubani umphathi wakho wecala esikoleni esisha kuze kube sekupheleni konyaka wesikole, kodwa wenze lolo uphenyo bese uzethula ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka. Uma kunokwenzeka, hlela umhlangano ukuze wazi kangcono futhi wabelane ngolwazi olumayelana nengane yakho. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ushiye ubuhlobo obuhle esikoleni esidala noma ubalekele okubi, lokhu kuyithuba lokuqala kabusha njengomzali osebenzayo nomthandayo. Isikole esisha kuwe, futhi.
Ukuguqulwa: Isikole esiphakeme sibe sesikhulile
Kusukela eneminyaka engu-16, i-IEP yengane yakho kufanele ifake izinhlelo zokushintsha kusuka esikoleni esiphakeme kuya ekolishi noma emsebenzini. Ingane yakho izobuzwa ukuthi yini enethemba lokuyenza ngekusasa lakhe, futhi kuyoba yinto enhle ukuthi ube nezingxoxo mayelana nalokhu kusengaphambili. Uma ingane yakho ingakwazi ukucabanga ukuthi kude noma yenza lezo zinhlelo, qalisa ukwenza ucwaningo ngokwakho mayelana nokuthi yiziphi izinhlelo ezingase zifaneleke. Uma ngabe isikole sakho esiphakeme sinomxhumanisi wokuguqula, lowo muntu angasiza kakhulu ekukukopheni ngolwazi nezinsizakalo.
Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ingane yakho izoshiya esikoleni esiphakeme nge-diploma noma isitifikedi sokuqedela singancika emithethweni esesimweni sakho ngaleso sikhathi. Njengoba kuphakama izidingo zokulinganisa okulinganiselwe esikoleni esiphakeme esikoleni esiphakeme, abanye abafundi abasebenza ngokuzikhandla bangathola ukuthi abakwazi ukwenza okudingekayo ukuze bathole leli phepha elibaluleke kakhulu. Kungenzeka ukuthi uthole ukukhululeka ekuhlolweni, futhi yilokho okuzofuna ukubonisana nomuntu osebenza naye ngokukhethekile esikoleni.
Umthetho wezemfundo ekhethekile wase-US ucacisa ukuthi ingane yakho inelungelo lokuFundela Imfundo Yomphakathi Yamahhala futhi Efanelekile ngonyaka wesikole lapho ebuyela khona ku-21, noma kuze kube sekupheleni. (Izinsuku zokuzalwa zasehlobo zibalwa ngonyaka odlule wesikole.) Ngakho umuntu wakho osemusha angase ahlale esikoleni esiphakeme ngenkathi ontanga yobudala ephothula futhi eqhubekela phambili. Angase athole isitifiketi esikhathi sokuphothula esikoleni esifanele futhi ahlale emakilasi ukuqinisa amakhono okuphila noma omsebenzi. Xoxa ngalezi zinkinga nomxhumanisi wakho womsebenzi kanye nomxhumanisi wokuguqula, naye.
Ngenkathi ingane yakho inelungelo lokuhlala esikoleni esiphakeme kuze kube yiminyaka engokomthetho, kungase kungabi njalo ekuthandayo. Lesi sinqumo okufanele senziwe ngokusekelwe ezidingo zomuntu ngamunye , hhayi ukuthi yiziphi izinhlelo esikoleni ezikuthandayo ukuhlinzeka noma indawo esikoleni esifuna ukuyisindisa. Izingane ezinokubambezeleka kokuthuthukiswa zingase zithole isikhathi esengeziwe endaweni ejwayelekile futhi evikelekile yesikole esiphakeme, futhi leyo minyaka eyengeziwe ingasiza ekubambeni kwezemfundo. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, njengoba amakolishi eba mnandi kubafundi abakhubazekile kanye nezinhlelo zomsebenzi ziba ngaphezulu komphakathi, kungase kube nezinzuzo zangempela ekuxhumaneni.
Uma ingane yakho izodinga izinsizakalo ezibalulekile ngemuva kokuphothula iziqu, kuzodingeka uqiniseke ukuthi ubhalisiwe nama-ejensi esifundazweni sakho esiwahlinzeka kahle ngaphambi kwesikhathi sokuqeda. Futhi, umxhumanisi wakho wokuguqukela esikoleni esiphakeme kufanele akwazi ukunikeza lolo lwazi.
Nakuba ukuphuma esikoleni kungaba yinto esabekayo, bheka ohlangothini okhanyayo: Awukho imihlangano ye-IEP!