Izindlela zokusebenzisa izinto ezivamile zivame ukusetshenziselwa abafundi abanokukhubazeka kokufunda nokukhubazeka ( Learning Disability ) (LD) kanye namasu okufundisa okugqugquzela ukufundisa ngokubandakanya abafundi emazingeni amaningi. Bakhuthaza abafundi ukuba basebenzise ezinye noma zonke izinzwa zabo:
- Hlanganisa ulwazi ngomsebenzi;
- Xhumanisa ulwazi ngemibono abayaziyo futhi bayayiqonda;
- Ukubona i-logic ehilelekile ekuxazululeni izinkinga;
- Funda izinyathelo zokuxazulula izinkinga;
- Thepha kumakhono okucabanga okungaqondile ;
- Qonda ubudlelwane phakathi kwemicabango; futhi
- Funda ulwazi futhi ulondoloze ukuze ukhumbule kamuva.
Okwenza Amasu Okubambisana Okubaluleke Kakhulu Kwabafundi Abano-LDs
Abafundi abane-LDs ngokuvamile bafunda ukungafani kwezinye izindawo noma ngaphezulu zokufunda, ukubhala, izibalo, ukuqonda ukulalela, nokukhuluma okuchazayo. Izindlela zokuzikhandla zivumela abafundi ukuba basebenzise izindawo zabo zamandla ukuze bazisize bafunde. Zingahluka kusuka ezilula kuya eziyinkimbinkimbi, kuye ngezidingo zomfundi kanye nomsebenzi oseduze.
Izinkambiso Zokufunda Usizo Uthisha Abahlinzekela Izitayela Zokufunda
Abanye abacwaningi bathi iningi labafundi banezindawo zokufunda okunamandla okuzizwa, ngezinye izikhathi kuthiwa isitayela sokufunda. Lolu cwaningo lubonisa ukuthi lapho abafundi befundiswa besebenzisa amasu ahambisana nezindlela zabo zokufunda, bafundela kalula, ngokushesha futhi bangagcina futhi basebenzise imiqondo kalula ekufundeni esikhathini esizayo.
Abafundi abaningi, abanokukhubazeka noma cha, bajabulele ukuhlukahluka okubandakanyeka ukuthi amasu angama-multisensory anganikeza.
Ukukhuthaza Ukubonisana Okubonayo Nokufunda
Amasu okuzibandakanya ngokuvamile ahlanganisa izindlela zokufundisa ezibukwayo namasu okusebenzisa:
- Umbhalo kanye / noma izithombe ephepheni, emaphosta, amamodeli, izikrini ezibonakalayo, noma amakhompyutha;
- Ifilimu, ividiyo, imidiya eminingi yezithombe, amakhadi wokukhulumisana ngezithombe ezithuthukisayo noma amadivaysi, ukupela ngomunwe kanye nolimi lwezandla;
- Izinto zokufunda eziguquguqukayo ;
- Ukusetshenziswa kombala wokugqamisa, ukuhlela ulwazi, noma isithombe;
- Abahleli bezithombe, nokuchaza amavesi; futhi
- Ubuciko obudalwa ngumfundi, izithombe, umbhalo, izithombe, namavidiyo.
Izindlela Zokuhlola
Amasu amaningi okugcizelela umsindo nokugqugquzela ukukhuluma ngamazwi abizwa ngokuthi amasu okuhlola. Amasu okuhlola ahlanganisa amasu afana nokusebenzisa:
- Abafundi bombhalo bekhompyutha, amadivaysi okukhulumisana okukhushulwa; abaqeqeshi bokufunda; izinsiza zokuzwa; izincwadi eziseTape, ama-podcasts, nokufunda okusizwa othandana;
- Ividiyo, ifilimu, noma imidiya eminingi yezithombe enezwi elihambisanayo; futhi
- Umculo, ingoma, izinsimbi, ukukhuluma, imilolotelo, izingoma, nemidlalo yelwimi.
Izindlela Zokufundisa Ezicacile
Izindlela zokuzibandakanya ezibandakanya ukusebenzisa umqondo wokuthinta zibizwa ngokuthi izindlela eziphathekayo. Izindlela eziphathekayo zihlanganisa amasu afana nalokhu:
- Ukusebenzisa izinto ezincane, ezibizwa ngokuthi izibalo zamathekisthi, ukumela amanani amanani ukufundisa amakhono amathekisthi njengokubala, ukuhlanganisa, ukususa, ukubuyabuyelela nokuhlukanisa;
- Ukusetshenziswa kwezinto eziphathekayo ezifana nobumba kanye nezinto zokudweba, iphepha lephepha ukwenza ama-model; futhi
- Ukusebenzisa amathrekhi esanti, iphepha eliphakanyisiwe, izinto ezibunjiweyo, i-putty sensory, amaphoyinti omunwe, namapuzzle ukuthuthukisa amakhono emoto amnandi.
Izindlela ze-Kinesthetic
Izindlela eziningi ezisebenzisa ukunyakaza komzimba zibizwa ngokuthi izindlela zokwenyama. Lezi zibandakanya ukuhamba kahle nokunyakaza kwenjini njengalokhu:
- Imidlalo yasenkulisa kanye nemidlalo eyinhloko ehilela intambo yokuqhaqhazela, ukushaya, ukuqhuma noma ezinye izinyathelo ezihambisana nemisebenzi ngenkathi zibala, nokucula izingoma ezihlobene nemibono;
- Yonke imisebenzi ethintekayo okukhulunywe ngenhla; futhi
- Noma yikuphi umsebenzi omkhulu wemoto yabafundi asebekhulile okubandakanya ukudansa, ukukhwabanisa i-beanbag, i-basketball, noma eminye imisebenzi ehilela imiqondo, ukukhumbula ngesigqi, nokuncintisana kwezifundo ezifana nezenzakalo zamuva zamanje, izinhlanga ze-flashcard, neminye imidlalo yokufunda.
Izindlela Zokupheka Ukwenza Izinto Zakho Ezizimele Zakho
- I-Gel ye-Finger Paint
- I-Puffy Paint
- Ukukhwabanisa