Ukuhlolwa kokukhulelwa ekhaya kuthola i-griadotropin ye-chorionic yabantu (hCG), i-hormone yokukhulelwa. Nakuba kunezinhlobonhlobo eziningi nezinhlobonhlobo zokuhlolwa kokukhulelwa ekhaya, konke kusebenza ngendlela efanayo. Lezi zivivinyo zizohlola umchamo ukuze zizame ukubona ukuthi i-hormone yeHC ikhona.
Ukuhlola Ukukhulelwa Kwamakhaya Kuyatholakala
Kunezinhlobo eziningana zokuhlola ukukhulelwa ekhaya.
Ngokuvamile, bonke basebenza ngendlela efanayo. Ukuhlolwa okuningi kokukhulelwa kuzokusebenzisa i-dipstick ukuqoqa nokuhlaziya umchamo. Lezi zinkinobho ezinye zivame ukubhekwa njengento elula kakhulu ukuyisebenzisa; izinti eziningi zingagcinwa kabili kumsakazo womchamo noma zifakwe ekomishi lokuqoqa.
Kukhona nezinye izivivinyo zokukhulelwa ekhaya ezidinga owesifazane ukuxuba inani elincane lomchamo wakhe nge-liquid ekhethekile noma powder. Ngisho noma uvivinyo ngalunye lungasebenza ngendlela efanayo, kusadingeka ukuthi ufunde imiyalelo yokuhlolwa njengoba lokhu kungahluka phakathi komkhiqizo wokuhlola ngamunye wokukhulelwa.
Ukuthi Ukukhulelwa Kwasemakhaya Kusebenza Kanjani
Lezi zivivinyo zilinganisa inani le-hormone yokukhulelwa, i-hCG, etholakala kumchamo wesifazane. Umzimba wesifazane uzokhipha kuphela i-hCG uma ekhulelwe (lapho kuvela amaqanda okukhulelwa esibelethweni). Kubesifazane abaningi (kodwa hhayi konke), lokhu kwenzeka cishe ngezinsuku ezingu-6 ngemuva kokukhulelwa . Amazinga we-hCG akhula ngosuku ngalunye lokudlula kokukhulelwa, kabili kabili ngezinsuku ezimbili.
Ukuvivinya ukukhulelwa ekhaya kungathola ukuthi leli hormone cishe isonto elilodwa ngemuva kwesikhathi esingekho. Nakuba ezinye izivivinyo zasemakhaya zingathola i-hCG ngesikhathi sokuphuthelwa, iningi lala alamukeli ngokwanele ukuqinisekisa imiphumela uma kuthathwa lokhu maduzane.
Ukunemba kokuhlolwa kokukhulelwa
Izimangalo zokungalungi zingahle zidukise.
Izivivinyo eziningi zokukhulelwa ekhaya zigcina izinga lokulinganisa ngamaphesenti angu-99 noma ngaphezulu. Inkinga iwukuthi lezi zivivinyo zisho nokuthi lokhu kulunga kungalindelwa uma uthatha uhlolo ngaphambi kosuku lokuphuthelwa.
Ucwaningo luka-2004 olushicilelwe ku -American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology nguDkt. Laurence Cole kanye nabacwaningi eNyuvesi yaseNew Mexico baqinisekisile izimangalo ezikhohlisayo eziningi zalezi zivivinyo zokukhulelwa zakuqala. UCole wachaza ukuthi lezi zimangalo zidukisa ngenxa yezinga eliphakeme lokuhlukahluka kwenani le-hCG elivela emcimbini kunoma yikuphi usuku olulandelayo ngemuva kokufakelwa kwe-plant . Abacwaningi bathole ukuthi ukutholakala kokuqala kokukhulelwa, izivivinyo eziningi azizange zizwele ngokwanele ukuthola i-hCG ngosuku lokuqala noma lwesibili ngemva kwesikhathi esingekho.
Eqinisweni, kule mikhiqizo engu-18 ihlolwe, eyodwa kuphela, i-First Response, Ukuhlolwa Kwokuqala Kwamanje, yayizwela ngokwanele ukuba "ihlolwe ngokuphindaphindiwe i-12.5 million (i-Unic International Units nge-milliliter yomchamo) ye-hCG, ucabangela isikhathi sokufundwa esikhombisiwe, futhi zenze imiphumela emihle ebonakalayo ecacile futhi engapheli "ngosuku lokuqala nangosuku lwesibili ngemuva kwesikhathi esingekho. Lelizinga lokuzwela (12.5 mIU) liyadingeka ukuthola amaphesenti angama-95 okukhulelwa ngesikhathi sokuphuthelwa.
Ngokusho kukaDkt. Cole, et al., "Imikhiqizo emithathu yanikeza uhlobo oluthile lomphumela omuhle, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi kucacile noma kuphelelwa yisikhathi ngesikhathi sokufundwa esicacisiwe besebenzisa i-hCG engama-25 mIU (Clear Blue Easy, One Minute; Clear Clear Easy; Impendulo yokuqala, Imiphumela yokuqala). " Lelizinga lokuzwela liyakwazi ukuthola amaphesenti angu-80 wokukhulelwa ngosuku lokuqala noma lwesibili lesikhathi esingekho. Eziningi zezinye izivivinyo zazitholela kuphela i-hCG ngamaphesenti angu-16 okukhulelwa lapho ihlolwe usuku noma amabili ngemuva kwesikhathi esingekho.
Ukunquma Ukuzwela Ukuhlolwa Kwokukhulelwa Kwasekhaya
Ngokujwayelekile, ukuvivinya okuvivinya kakhulu, ekuqaleni ungathola umphumela wokuhlola okhulelwe.
Ochwepheshe bama-Reports Reports bacebisa lapho bethengisa ukuhlolwa kokukhulelwa ekhaya, "ukuvivinya okubucayi kakhulu okwamanje kutholakala cishe ngo-15 kuya ku-25 mIU we-hCG, okuhambisana nokutholakala kokukhulelwa phakathi nosuku lokuphuthelwa kwabesifazane abangu-90%."
Kulaba besifazane abaningi, ukuvivinya kakhulu ukuhlolwa, umphumela onembile kakhulu; Kodwa-ke, uma owesifazane ephethe i-hCG ohlelweni lwakhe kusukela ekuzalweni kwamuva, ukuphuphuma kwesisu noma imithi yokuzala , ukuhlolwa okungaqondakali kahle kungaba yindlela engcono kakhulu.
Uma uzama ukuthola ukuthi uvivinyo olunzima kangakanani, ungabheka ukufaka iphakheji. Iningi kufanele lichaze ukuhlushwa kwe-hCG okuphansi kakhulu kwe-mIU ukuthi ukuhlolwa kungayithola. Ngokwemfundiso, ukuhlolwa kokukhulelwa okugcina ukuthi kungabonakala ukuthi i-hCG ku-25 mIU kufanele ibe nezwela kunomunye ongakwazi ukubona leli hormone ku-40 mIU. Into okumele uyiqaphele ukuthi owesifazane ukhiqiza izinhlobo ezahlukene ze-hCG ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, ngakho-ke ngezinye izikhathi ukukhathazeka kokuzivivinya kokukhulelwa akubonisi ukuthi ukuhlolwa kuzothatha uhlobo lwe-hCG oluhlobene kakhulu nokukhulelwa kwangaphambi kwesikhathi .
Isizathu Sokuba Ukukhulelwa Kwekhaya Lokuqala Kuvivinya Kanjani Ukwenza Lezi Zimangalo Zamanga
Lezi zimangalo ezidukisayo zivame ukuba yi-gimmick yokukhangisa. I-FDA ilawula ukuthi ukuhlolwa kokukhulelwa ekhaya kungalondoloza ukulingana okukhulu kunamaphesenti angu-99 uma nje umkhiqizi ebonisa ukuthi okungenani amaphesenti angu-99 yesikhathi, ebhodini, imisebenzi yabo yokuhlola kanye nokuhlolwa okukhona. Ukuhlolwa kokukhulelwa ekhaya okwamanje kuyatholakala, empeleni, okubucayi kunokuba kuvivinywa kwangaphambili, ngakho izinkampani zingalondoloza lezi zimangalo.
I "catch" yukuthi laba abakhiqizi benza izincazelo zokunemba ngomqondo jikelele; Bese basikisela (ngokwehlukana) ukuthi owesifazane angasebenzisa ukuhlolwa ngaphambi kosuku lokuphuthelwa kwesikhathi. Noma kunjalo, imiphumela yebhu ngokuvamile ayibonakali ikhono lokuhlola lokuthola ukukhulelwa lokhu ekuqaleni.
Isikhathi Sokuthatha Isivivinyo Sokukhulelwa Kwasekhaya
Kubalulekile ukuveza ukuthi ama-90-99 wamaphesenti wokuhlola okuchanekile kokuhlola ajwayelekile ngempela uma owesifazane eqhubeka nokukhulelwa - hhayi nje ngezinsuku ezimbalwa zokuqala. Yingakho ngokuvamile kungcono ukulinda okungenani isonto elilodwa ngemuva kwesikhathi esingekho ukuthi uthathe ukuhlolwa kokukhulelwa. Khumbula, ukuthi nakuba izivivinyo eziningi zokukhulelwa ekhaya zingathathwa ngaphambi kosuku lokuqala lokuphuthelwa (futhi zithi zingama-99 amaphesenti aphumelelayo ngosuku lwesikhathi esingekho), iningi lalezi zivivinyo zokukhulelwa ngeke zibone njalo ukukhulelwa lokhu ekuqaleni.
Imiphumela Yokuhlola Yokukhulelwa
Kuye ngokuklama kokuhlolwa, imiphumela yokuhlolwa kokukhulelwa ingase ibe lula noma ekhudlwana ukufunda. Isivivinyo esinokungafani okwanele phakathi komugqa (noma uphawu) nesizinda kwenza imiphumela ibe lula ukuyihumusha. Amanye amabonisa akhombisa ukuthi umzila wokuphuza ungabonakala uma ukuhlolwa kushiyiwe ukuhlala isikhathi esithile; lo mkhakha ungenza kube nzima kakhulu ukuhumusha ngokunembile imiphumela yokuhlolwa
Imiphumela Yokuhlolwa Okungalungile
Isivivinyo sokukhulelwa ekhaya singase sikwazi ukunikeza umphumela ongamanga (okusho ukuthi ukhulelwe ngempela) kunokuba kube nomphumela omubi (ukuhlolwa kuthi ukhulelwe uma ungekho).
Umphumela wokuhlola wamanga ongahle ungenzeka uma:
- Umchamo wakho uhlanjululwa - Ukuhlolwa okuningi kuphakamisa ukuthi wenza uvivinyo ekuseni, ngemva nje kokuvuka. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi umchamo wakho uvame ukugxila kakhulu ngalesi sikhathi. Uma uphuza uketshezi oluningi ngaphambi kokwenza uhlolo, ungase ugcine nomphumela ongekho kahle.
- Usuke wenza ukuhlolwa ngokushesha - Ukuze okungenani ube nomphumela onembile, kufanele ulinde okungenani usuku ngemuva kwesikhathi sakho esingekho (ngoba ukuhlolwa kokukhulelwa ekhaya akukwazi ukuthola ukukhulelwa nganoma yisiphi isikhathi). Nokho, ukunciphisa amathuba okuthola umphumela wamanga, kungcono ukulinda izinsuku eziyisikhombisa ngemuva kwesikhathi sakho.
- Usuqedile ukuhlolwa okungalungile - Kubalulekile ukuthi wenze ukuhlolwa kokukhulelwa kungakapheli imizuzu engu-15 emva kokuqoqa isampula yomchamo. Qinisekisa ukuthi ulandela imiyalelo yokuhlola ukuthi kuthatha isikhathi eside ukuhlaziya imiphumela. Uma ubuka imiphumela maduzane (ngaphambi kwesikhathi esinqunyiwe), umphumela wokuhlola ungase ubonakale ungenayo.
Ngisho noma uthola umphumela omubi, uma isikhathi sakho singakaqali kungakapheli isonto ngemuva kokuthi uthathe uhlolo, kufanele uthathe ukuhlolwa kokukhulelwa. Ngalesi sikhathi, uma ungakatholi isikhathi sakho noma umphumela omuhle, kuwumqondo omuhle ukwenza i-aphoyintimenti nochwepheshe wakho wezempilo ukuze ubone ukuthi kwenzekani njengoba izimo ezinjengokucindezeleka, ukuzivocavoca ngokweqile, ukugula nokungalingani kwe-hormone kungabangela nokuthi owesifazane aphuthe isikhathi. Udokotela wakho angakusiza ukuthi ufunde umjikelezo wakho wokuya esikhathini.
Imiphumela Yokuhlola Enhle
Ngokuvamile, uma uthola umphumela omuhle (ngisho noma uphelelwa amandla), lokhu kubonisa ukuthi ukhulelwe. Kungenzeka ukuthola imiphumela emibi (ukuhlolwa kulungile, kepha awukakhulelwe ngempela) - nakuba lokhu kwenzeka kakhulu.
Ungagcina unamanga-amanga uma:
- Uthatha imithi yokwelashwa equkethe i-hCG, njenge-Pregnyl, i-APL, i-Profasi, i-Chorex, i-Novarel, i-Ovidrel noma imithi promethazine (esetshenziswa njenge-antihistamine ekukhwehleleni kokubambisana nemikhiqizo ebandayo ukuphatha izimpawu zokungezwani komzimba nokuphatha isicanucanu noma ukuhlanza kusuka ekuguleni noma ekugula kwesifo).
- Unomkhondo wegazi noma amaprotheni kumchamo wakho.
- Usebenzise ukuhlolwa kokuphelelwa yisikhathi noma kokulimala.
- Okwamanje uthatha izidakamizwa.
- Waba nolwazi oluthiwa ukukhulelwa kwamakhemikhali. Lokhu kusho ukuthi iqanda elikhulelwe lifaka ngaphakathi kwesibeletho sakho futhi lakhiwa ngokwanele ukuze kuqaliswe ukukhiqizwa kwe-hCG, kodwa-ke, nganoma yisiphi isizathu, siyeka ukukhula. Ngokuvamile, cishe amaphesenti angama-30 kuya kwangu-50 azo zonke amaqanda akhulelwe aphela njengokukhulelwa kwamakhemikhali ngenxa yokungavamile noma ezinye izizathu ezenza ukuthuthukiswa okungeze kwenzeke. Uma lokhu kwenzeka, abesifazane abaningi bazophelela isikhathi (nakuba kungase kube nezinsuku ezimbalwa kamuva noma kunzima kakhulu kunokujwayelekile). Isimo esiphezulu sokukhulelwa kwamakhemikhali kuzokwenzeka esinye isizathu sokuba kungcono ukulinda okungenani ngesonto emva kwesikhathi sakho kungenxa yokuhlolwa kokukhulelwa ekhaya.
Khumbula ukuthi ukuhlolwa kokukhulelwa nge-design engalungile nakho kungabangela imiphumela emibi. Ngokusho kukaDkt. Cole, et al., Izinkampani ezimbili zokuhlolwa kokukhulelwa ezingu-18 zihlolwe ngezinkinga ezingenakuqondakalayo zobuchwepheshe noma zokuklama. "Lezi zivivinyo zombili zanikeza imiphumela yokuhlola ye-hCG engamanga nge-urine engekho i-hCG futhi inikeze imiphumela eminingi engavumelekile njengoba kuboniswe ukungabi khona kwesiqinisekiso noma umthamo wokuqinisekisa." Ukuvivinya kokukhulelwa okungasebenzi kahle "kungabangela ithemba lamanga noma ukudideka okukhulu phakathi kwabasebenzisi."
Ukuthola Ukuhlola Ukukhulelwa
Izitolo eziningi zokudla, izitolo zezidakamizwa, namawebhusayithi athengisa ukuhlolwa kokukhulelwa ekhaya phezu kwekhawundi (ngaphandle kokudinga imithi). Kuncike kulolu hlobo nokuthi zingaki izivivinyo ezifika ebhokisini, ukuhlolwa kungabiza phakathi kuka-$ 4 no-$ 20. Funda iphakheji ngokucophelela njengoba ezinye zingase zibe nezivivinyo ezimbili, ngakho-ke lokhu kungaba yinto engcono kakhulu. Uma ucabanga ukuthi ungadinga ukuhlolwa kwesibili ngoba unezikhathi ezingavamile noma uma uhlola emva kwesikhathi esingekho, ngokuvamile kuvumelana kangcono ukuthenga i-2-pack kunokukhokha ngokuhlukile kwesinye isilingo.
Izivivinyo Zokukhulelwa Kwegazi Ngekhaya Ukukhulelwa Ukulingwa
Izivivinyo zokukhulelwa komchamo ezenziwa kumahhovisi amaningi odokotela ziyisimo esifanayo nalokho okutholakala phezu kwe-counter. Umehluko omkhulu ekuhlolweni kokukhulelwa ukuthi abanye abaqeqeshiwe bezempilo bazosebenzisa ukuhlolwa kokukhulelwa kwegazi , okungawubona ukuthi ukukhulelwa kuningi ngaphambi kokuhlolwa komchamo kungaba. Enye inzuzo yokuhlolwa kwegazi okwanele ukuthi ingabonisa inani eliqondile le-hCG egazini. Lokhu kuyasiza ukuhlola ukuthi kungakanani ukukhulelwa owesifazane angase abe khona noma uma kunokwenzeka ukuthi owesifazane angase aphuluke.
Okufanele Ukwenze Okulandelayo
Uma uthola imiphumela emihle ekuvivinyweni kokukhulelwa ekhaya, kufanele wenze i-aphoyintimenti ukuze ubone ochwepheshe bakho bezempilo. Kufanele futhi ubone udokotela wakho uma uthathe ukuhlolwa okuncane kokukhulelwa ekhaya futhi uthole imiphumela ehlanganisiwe. Uchwepheshe wakho wezempilo uzokwenza ukuhlolwa kwegazi noma ukuhlolwa kwe-pelvic ukuqinisekisa ukuthi umphumela wakho wokukhulelwa ulungile. Ngokushesha uma wazi noma ngabe ukhulelwe, ngokushesha ungaqala ukwenza izinqumo mayelana nokukhulelwa kwakho.
> Imithombo:
> Imibiko yabathengi. (2006). "Ukuvivinya ukuhlolwa kokukhulelwa".
> Cole, L., et al. (2004). "Ukuchithwa kokuhlolwa kokukhulelwa ekhaya ngesikhathi sama-missed miss". Journal American of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Umq. 190 (1) , 100-105.