Kuyiqiniso ukuthi kukhona ucwaningo olubonisa ukuthi ukukhulelwa okukhulelwe nge- in vitro fertilization (IVF) kuthwala ingozi encane yokukhulelwa kwesisu , uma kuqhathaniswa nokukhulelwa ngokwemvelo. Izinga eliqondile lengozi ekhulayo lihluka ngokutadisha.
Ngokwesibonelo, olunye ucwaningo luka-2003 lwathola ukuthi abesifazane abathintekayo i-IVF futhi bekhulelwe ingane engashadile baphoxisiwe 22% wesikhathi.
Ngokuphambene nalokho, i-American Pregnancy Association ithi abesifazane abaningi abanempilo abakhulelwa ngokwemvelo banamathuba angu-15% kuya ku-20% okukhulelwa kwesisu. Ngakho-ke ucwaningo lwathola ingozi encane yokukhulelwa kwesisu kwabesifazane abasebenzisa i-IVF futhi bakhulelwe umbungu owodwa. Kodwa-ke, kufanele kukhonjiswe ukuthi kulolu cwaningo, ingozi yokukhulelwa kwesisu kwabesifazane abasebenzisa i-IVF ababethwele amawele kwaba yi-18% nje kuphela, okuyi-range ejwayelekile yokuhlukunyezwa kwesisu sokukhulelwa komzimba.
Yini Ebangelwa Ingozi Ephakanyisiwe Yokuqothula?
Kubalulekile ukuthi uqaphele ukuthi abacwaningi abakholelwa ukuthi isizathu sokwenyuka kokukhulelwa kwesisu sithinta inqubo ye-IVF ngokwayo. Esikhundleni salokho, kungenzeka ukuthi ingozi eyengeziwe yokukhulelwa kwesisu emuva kokufaka umanyolo we-in vitro (noma enye ukwelashwa kokuzala ) inokuningi okuphathelene nezizathu eziyinhloko zokuphathwa kokwelapha. Ngamanye amazwi, iziguli ezinesidingo sokufaka umanyolo we-in vitro zingase zisezingeni eliphakeme lokufaka isisu, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi zithathwa kanjani ngendlela engalungile njengoba kungase kube.
Nazi izincazelo ezimbalwa ezingenzeka.
- Ubudala obukhulile: Abesifazane abathola ukwelashwa kwe-in vitro bavame ukudala kunabesifazane abakhulelwe ngokwemvelo, futhi ubudala besikhathi sokubeletha kubhekene nengozi ephezulu yokukhulelwa kwesisu. Isibonelo, abesifazane abaphakathi kweminyaka engama-35 no-45 bane-20% kuya kwezingama-35% amathuba okukhulelwa kwesisu kanti abesifazane abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-45 bangaba namathuba angama-50% okukhulelwa kwesisu, ngokusho kwe-American Pregnancy Association.
- Inkinga yezempilo engaphansi: Abesifazane abasebenzisa i-IVF banamathuba amaningi okuba nesimo sempilo esincane esingaba nengxenye enkulu engozini yokukhulelwa kwesisu.
- Ukuqwashisa okuqala: Uma owesifazane esebenzisa i-IVF, ngokuvamile ukhokha ngokucophelela umjikelezo ngamunye futhi uthola ukuthi ukhulelwe ekuqaleni konyaka. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, abesifazane abathandana ngokwemvelo bangakwazi ukuthi bakhulelwe ekuqaleni-ikakhulukazi uma ukukhulelwa kungalindelekile. Njengoba ingozi yokukhulelwa kwesisu iphezulu kakhulu emasontweni ambalwa okuqala okukhulelwa, abesifazane abaningi abakhulelwa ngokwemvelo bangase baphuthele ngaphambi kokubona ukuthi bakhulelwe. Lokhu kuvame ukubizwa ngokuthi ukukhulelwa kwamakhemikhali.
- Ukuvuselela kwe-Ovarian: Ucwaningo olulodwa luka-2004 lwathola ukuthi ukukhushulwa kwama-ovarian okungakanani owesifazane owamukelayo ngenkathi usebenzisa ubuchwepheshe bokuzala bokusiza kungadlala indima. Labo baphandi babona ubudlelwane phakathi kokugqugquzela ama-ovarian aphezulu kanye nengozi yokukhulelwa komzimba.
Ngakho-ke, ungavinjelwa ekuphishekeleni i-IVF uma uyidinga. Khuluma nodokotela wakho ukuthuthukisa uhlelo lwalokho okusebenza kangcono ngesimo sakho. Eqinisweni, ukusebenzisa i- preplantation genetic diagnosis (PGD) kunganciphisa ingozi yokukhulelwa kwesisu ekukhulelweni kwe-IVF uma usuvele unomlando wezimo eziphuthumayo ezedlule ngaphambi kokwelashwa-ikakhulukazi uma uneminyaka engaphezu kwengu-40.
Isibonelo, olunye ucwaningo luka-2006 olubheke emigqeni engaphezu kuka-2 000 ezikhungweni eziyi-100 ze-IVF lithole ukuthi i-PGD inciphisa izinga lokukhulelwa kwamaphesenti phakathi kwabesifazane abaneminyaka yobudala engama-35 kuya ku-40 kusuka ku-19% ukuya ku-14% nokuthi linciphisa izinga lokukhulelwa kwabafazi abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-40 kusuka ku-41% ukuya ku-22%.
Imithombo:
Munné S, Fischer J, Warner A, Chen S, Zouves C, Cohen J; Ikhuluma ngamasevisi weqembu le-PGD. "Ukuxilongwa kwe-pre-plantation genetic diagnosis kunciphisa kakhulu ukukhulelwa kokukhulelwa emibhangqwaneni engapheli: ukutadisha okuningi." I-Fertil Steril. 2006 Feb; 85 (2): 326-32.
Izidumbu, uPhillippe, uPaul De Sutter noMarc Dhont. "Ingozi yokukhipha isisu ku-singleton nama-twin pregnancy ngemuva kwe-IVF / ICSI." Ukukhiqizwa kwabantu ngo- Aug 2003. 18 (8): 1720-1723.
Wang, Jim X., uRobert J. Norman no-Allen J. Wilcox. "Ukukhubazeka kokukhipha isisu ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa okukhiqizwa ngokusiza ubuchwepheshe bokuzala." Ukukhiqizwa Komuntu Feb 2004. 19 (2): 272-277.