I-Placenta iqala ngokukhulelwa futhi isuswa emva kokuphela kokukhulelwa
Uma owesifazane ekhulelwa, i-placenta iqala ngaphakathi kwesibeletho sakhe. Nakuba umsebenzi oyinhloko we-placenta ukuhlinzeka ingane engakazalwa ngokudla, kunezinkinga eziningana ze-placenta ezingaholela ekulahlekeni kokukhulelwa.
Iyini i-Placenta?
I-placenta yiyona yodwa yesikhashana yesikhashana emzimbeni womuntu. Iqala ngokukhulelwa futhi ichitheka ngemuva kokuphela kokukhulelwa.
Iqukethe kuphela amangqamuzana e-fetal, bese "ehlasela" udonga lomama olungumama enkambisweni enzima okuthiwa i-placentation.
Ixhunywe kumama ngenethiwekhi yemithambo encane yegazi, naku-fetus ngokusebenzisa imibhoshongo emibili kanye nomvuthwandaba okhona ngaphakathi kwentambo.
I-placenta iqala ukwakha iqanda leqanda elivundisiwe (eliye lahlukaniswa kakade njengamaqembu amangqamuzana okuthiwa i-blastocyte ngalesi sikhathi) izimila ezigumbini lwe-uterine. I-placenta iyaqhubeka ikhula ngesikhathi sonke sokukhulelwa, ekugcineni ibe yi-disc, futhi isisindo esijwayelekile esingu-1 pounds ngesikhathi esigcwele.
Imisebenzi ye-Placenta
- Ukuphatha i-oxygen nezakhi ezivela ohlelweni lokujikeleza lomama ukuya emntwaneni we-fetus '
- Ukuthwala izidakamizwa kanye ne-carbon dioxide kusukela ekusakazweni kwe-fetal kuya kokusakaza komama
- Ukuhlinzeka "ukuzivikela okungahleliwe" emntwaneni ngokuhambisa ama-anti-IgG
- Ukuze "ukuhlunga" izinambuzane ukuvimbela ingane ukuba ingatholi izifo ezithathelwanayo, nakuba lo msebenzi awunamaphesenti angu-100 esebenza kahle
- Ukwethula i-progesterone, i-gonadotropin ye-chorionic yabantu (hCG), i-placenta yabantu i-lactogen (hPL), ne-estrogen edingekayo ukuze kugcinwe ukukhulelwa
- Ukuvikela umntfwana kanye nengxenye ye-fetal ye-placenta kusukela ohlelweni lomzimba lomama - oluvamise ukuhlasela izakhi "zangaphandle" emzimbeni - ngokufihla amakhemikhali ahlukahlukene a "adibanisa" futhi agweme amasosha omzimba
- Ukusebenza njengelondolozi legazi lomntwana uma ngabe ukusabalalisa komama kukwehliswa yizinguquko egazini legazi
Uma noma yimuphi wale misebenzi ingasebenzi, ukukhulelwa kungase kungakwazi ukuqhubeka isikhathi esigcwele.
Izinkinga ze-Placenta
- I-Placenta previa - Lapho i-placenta ikhula, noma eduze, ukuvulwa kwangaphakathi komlomo wesibeletho. I-Previa ihlotshaniswa nengozi ephezulu yokugwinya kwamanzi ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa futhi ingaba yingozi esongela impilo uma owesifazane eqala ukusebenza nge-previa.
- I-placenta accreta - Uma i-placenta igxila kakhulu esibelethweni, ibizwa ngokuthi i-accreta. Kunezinhlobo ezahlukene ze-accreta, kuncike ekujuleni kokubambisana okwenzekayo. I-Accreta ingaba yisimo esiphuthumayo esisongela ekusebenzeni futhi sibeka ingozi kokubili ukuphazamiseka kwamaphaphu kanye nokuhlinzeka okuhlinzayo, kuhlanganise ne-hysterectomy.
- Ukuphazamiseka kwamapayipi - Uma i-placenta ihlukanisa kusuka emgqeni wesibeletho ngaphambi kokuzalwa, kubizwa ngokuthi ukuphazamiseka. Kungaba yingozi kumntwana, ngokuya ngesilinganiso sokuhlukaniswa. Lesi simo singase sibe yingozi kumama, ngenxa yokulahlekelwa ngokweqile kwegazi. Ukuphela kwe "ukwelapha" kokuphazamiseka okukhulu kunikezwa ngokushesha.
I-Chorioamnionitis - Ukutheleleka kwebhaktheriya kwezingqimba ezakha isikhwama samanzi. Ngokuvamile, ukutheleleka kuhamba phakathi komlomo wesibeletho kusuka kwesifazane. Kudinga ukwelashwa kwama-antibiotic nokulethwa okusheshayo kwe-fetus ukuvimbela izinkinga ezengeziwe zomama nomntwana.
Ukulahlekelwa Ukukhulelwa
Ngenxa yokuthi izinkinga nge-placenta ziyimbangela evamile yokulahlekelwa ukukhulelwa, odokotela bavame ukuphakamisa ukuthi udokotela wezilwane uhlola i-placenta ngemva kokubeletha. Ukuhlolwa okuyisisekelo kuyingxenye ebalulekile yokuzwakalisa isana uma kwenzeka isisu noma isisu. Udokotela wakho uzohlonipha izifiso zakho uma ungafuni ukuba ne-autopsy, kodwa iningi labesifazane namasiko / izinkolo zikhululekile ngokuhlolwa okumhlophe, okungaholela ekutholeni ulwazi oluwusizo mayelana nesizathu sokulahlekelwa kwakho.
Amanye amasiko anezindlela ezikhethekile mayelana ne-placenta ngemva kokuzalwa. Abanye, njengamaMaori aseNew Zealand, amaNavajo aseNyakatho Melika, naseCambodia, bangcwaba i-placenta.
Phakathi kwe-Ibo eNigeria, kunikwa imikhosi egcwele yomngcwabo epentcenta ngayinye. Izenzo zomhlaba wonke ziyahlukahluka kakhulu: ukuvula i-placenta ezakhiweni, ukutshala i-placenta kanye nomuthi, ngisho nokudla i-placenta. I-placenta iyisithako eminye yemithi yaseMpumalanga.
Endabeni yokulahlekelwa kokukhulelwa, uma ufisa ukuba ingcwangu yakho ingcwatshwe noma igcoke kanye nomntanakho, yazise udokotela wakho.
Futhi Uyaziwa ngokuthi: Ngemva kokuzalwa
Imithombo:
Oyelese, Yinka, noJohn C. Smulian, "Placenta Previa, Placenta Accreta, noVasa Previa." I-Obstetrics & Gynecology 2006.
U-Varney, H., Kriebs, J., et al. I-Varney's Midwifery, i-Fourth Edition. 2003.
Okudingeka Ukwazi Nge-Placenta Yakho. March we-Dimes. http://www.marchofdimes.com/pnhec/188_1132.asp