Kuzo zonke izimangaliso zanamuhla zesayensi, asazi ukuthi i-amniotic fluid ivelaphi ngempela. Siyazi ukuthi uketshezi emva kwephuzu elithile liqukethe umchamo wesisu, kodwa singayichaza kanjani ngaphambi kokuba ikhono lomntwana lenze umchamo? Amanye amaqiniso anamangalisa ahlanganisa ukuthi amniotic fluid iyaqhubeka ishintsha ngokwayo ngamanani amahora amathathu.
Lokho kusho, siye sazama ukuchaza ukuthi yiyiphi i-amniotic ejwayelekile yamanzi futhi yini engavamile.
Kunezinhlobo ezine ze-amniotic fluid:
- Oligohydramnios
- Amaphakheji abonakala angaphezu kuka-1 cm ububanzi (evamile)
- Uketshezi olwanele, kubonakala yonke indawo phakathi kwe-fetus kanye nodonga lwe-uterine (evamile)
- Polyhydramnios
Lokhu kulinganiswa kuvame ukuthathwa ngokusebenzisa i-ultrasound ukucacisa i-Amniotic Fluid Index (AFI). Izifundo zakamuva zithi i-AFI ayiyona into ehle kakhulu yevolumu yama-Amniotic yamanzi (inani langempela lomkhuhlane). Eqinisweni, olunye ucwaningo luqinisekisile ukuthi lokhu kutholakala, ngenxa yokudlulela ngokweqile.
Oligohydramnios
Uma owesifazane kuthiwa une-amniotic encane kakhulu amanzi ane-oligohydramnios. Lokhu kuchazwa njengokungaphansi kwama-200 ml we-amniotic fluid ngesikhathi noma i-AFI engaphansi kuka-5 cm. Lokhu kusho ukuthi ngesikhathi se-ultrasound ipokhethi enkulu kunazo zonke ezitholakalayo azizange zilingane no-1 cm noma ngaphezulu ngobubanzi bayo obukhulu.
Kuyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu emitholampilo ukufakazela ngaphambi kokulethwa kwezidingo. Ngemuva kokuzalwa, ukuhlola i- placenta ngokuba khona kwe-amnion nodosum ku-placenta kuhambisana kakhulu ne-oligohydramnios.
Kuye lapho owesifazane ethola ukuthi une-oligohydramnios, kunezinkinga ezihlukahlukene zokubheka, nakuba iningi lalabo abatholakali ukuthi ngeke babe nezinkinga.
Ekukhulelweni kokuqala , kukhona ukukhathazeka kokunamathela kwe-amniotic okubangelwa ukukhubazeka noma ukunqunywa kwetambo lomlomo. Kukhona futhi ukukhathazeka mayelana nokukhubazeka kwengcindezi, njengezinyawo zezinyawo, ukungabi nesikhala esanele esibelethweni.
Ngisho ne-oligohydramnios, ukuxazulula i-ultrasound nokuhlolwa kwe-anomalies kwanele kakhulu. Ngakho i-ultrasound iseseyindlela ephumelelayo yokubuka izimo ezibucayi zombili ezihlotshaniswayo futhi ezingekho ezihlobene ne-oligohydramnios.
Kamuva lapho ukhulelwe i-oligohydramnios ingenye yezibonakaliso zokucindezeleka kwesisu. Lokhu kwenzeka kungabangela ukucindezela kwentambo, okungabangela hypoxia ye-fetal, okusho ukuthi ingane ayitholi oksijini okwanele.
Ukwenyuka akuyona indlela engcono kakhulu uma u-oligohydramnios ekhona. Kunezici eziningi okudingeka zicatshangelwe.
I-Meconium, uma idlulile ayikwazi ukuhlanjululwa ezimweni ze-oligohydramnios yeqiniso, nokho, isifundo esisodwa sathola ukuthi kunezinto ezimbalwa zokukhwabanisa kwe-meconium lapho ama-amniotic ephansi amavolumu ambikwa. Kodwa-ke, kwaba nokwanda kwezinombolo zezingane ezinengcindezi yobusana obudinga ukubeletha.
Okunye okukhathazayo nge-oligohydramnios:
- Ukunciphisa ukukhula kwe-intrauterine
- Ukukhishwa Kwesikhumba Okude isikhathi eside
- Ama-Fetal Malformations (ama-Agenal oRenal, izinso ze-polycystic, isithiyo sokugaya izifo, njll)
- I-Postmaturity Syndrome
Isifo sikashukela sivame ukucatshangwa njengesizathu se-oligohydramnios, akudingeki ukuba kubangele inkinga ngokukhulelwa ngendlela efanele.
Yiziphi izinketho zokwelashwa ezitholakalayo kwabesifazane abane-oligohydramnios?
Ekuqaleni sasicabanga ukuthi ukushintsha umthamo nge-amnioinfusion kwakuwumqondo omuhle. Noma kunjalo, lokhu akuzange kubonakale kuyinzuzo. Siyazi ukuthi ukucwiliswa kusebenza kahle ngokuguqula izimpawu ze-oligohydramnios.
Uma kungekho i-IUGR ne-fetal anomalies, abesifazane abatholakala ukuthi bane-oligohydramnios bangaba nengane efanelekile abangenayo izinkinga zempilo.
Polyhydramnios
I-Polyhydramnios isiphetho esiphambene nesilinganiso, echazwe njengo-2000 ml we-fluid ngesikhathi noma ngaphezulu.
Lokhu kwenzeka ngaphansi kokungu-1% kokukhulelwa.
Nakuba abanye bezwa ukuthi i-polyhydramnios iyimbangela yokusebenza kwangaphambi komzimba ngenxa ye-uterine distension, i-polyhydramnios futhi ayiyena umqondo we-preterm labasebenzi, kunalokho imbangela yokwanda komkhuhlane ibikezela ukuthi ukukhulelwa kuzoya esikhathini.
I-Polyhydramnios cishe kungenzeka uma:
- Kunama-gestation amaningi.
- Kukhona isifo sikashukela somama.
- Kukhona iphutha lokuzalwa.
Kunezinhlobo ezihlukahlukene zama polyhydramnios. Ubukhulu be-polyhydramnios abukho ithonya esisisindo somntwana wakho, njengoba izifundo zakuqala zazibikezele.
Ukwelashwa kuyahluka ngama-polyhydramnios, kufaka phakathi ukwelashwa kwezidakamizwa, ukusetshenziswa okukhethiwe kwe-amniocentesis ukunciphisa ivolumu yamanzi.
Ukungaphenduliwe kungase kube nezinye izingozi ekuzalweni, ezincane ezinombolweni, kodwa kufanele zibhekiswe. Lokhu kuzobandakanya umonakalo omkhulu wezintambo zezintambo, ukuvezwa kwesisu, ukuphazamiseka kwamapayipi kanye nokubola kwesisu.
Uma sicabangela ukuthi ukuhlolwa kwamanje akuzuzisi kuzo zonke izici zokubikezela, sidinga ukubhekana nendlela yokuthola indlela engavumelekile ukuphatha lezi zinkinga ze-amniotic fluid. Ngakho umbuzo uba yiziphi izikhathi esizivivinya ngazo, sihlola bani, futhi senzani nemiphumela? Okwamanje, izimpendulo azicaci futhi kufanele zithathwe ecaleni ngamacala.
Abaningi besifazane abathola ukuthi banezinkinga ezinjalo, ngeke babelethe ingane enenkinga, kodwa ukukhathazeka kukhona futhi kuyadingeka ukuthi iqondiswe ngokufanele ngumhlinzeki wakhe wokunakekelwa.
> Izinkomba ezengeziwe:
> Ukuvimbela Okumangalisayo : Umhlahlandlela Owusizo, > Heppard >, no-Garite, 1996, uMosby.
Umsebenzi Wezabasebenzi Nokuzalwa, I-5th Edition, uHarry Oxorn, 1986, uPrentice Hall.