Sekuyisikhathi eside imfundo ihlolisise imiphumela yokuziphatha ekufundeni. Kodwa kuthiwani uma ingane ingekho amakhono adingekayo ukwenza imisebenzi elindelekile nokubonisa ukuziphatha okumsiza ukuba agweme noma abalekele le mi sebenzi engathandeki?
Ukukhungatheka Nemiphumela
Othisha baye babona abantwana behlukumeza ekilasini ngenkathi benza umsebenzi wesikole.
Ngokwesibonelo:
- Umuntu oneminyaka engu-10 othola ubunzima bokuphindaphinda uba yincithakalo futhi uphonsa lapho ebuzwa ukuba agcwalise izinkinga.
- Owesilisa oneminyaka engu-13 ubudala onenkinga yokugxila ekilasini uphazanyiswa ngomsindo ngaphandle kweklasini futhi uphazamisekile ngokugabisa incwadi yakhe futhi ethi akakwazi ukufunda ngoba kuneziphazamiso eziningi ezungezile.
- Umntwana oneminyaka engu-16 ubudala ofunda ngezinga lesine lesigaba ngokuvamile uhamba esikoleni. Kodwa lapho efunda ekilasini, ubonakala enesithukuthezi. Uma uthisha emcela ukuba afunde ngokuzwakalayo, uphonsa phansi phansi futhi asebenzise ulimi oluhlambalaza futhi ubiza ngokuthi "uyisiphukuphuku" ukutshela uthisha ukuthi ngeke afunde le ndima.
Izibonelo ezishiwo ngenhla zisisigxila ekubambeni okujulile, okuyisisekelo sokuziphatha okungcolile kubantwana abanokukhubazeka kokufunda. Ucwaningo lubonisa ukuthi izingane ezincane, intsha, kanye nabantu abadala abane-LD bavame ukuveza amaphrofayli okudideka nokuphikisanayo okusebenzayo. Benza imisebenzi ethile kahle ngenkathi behluleka kakhulu neminye imisebenzi. Isibonelo, ingane ingase ikhanyise futhi ifise ulwazi, kepha kunzima ukuziphatha ngokufanele uma ifakwa eqenjini lokufunda nabangane bakhe.
Uvame ukutholwa ngokweqile futhi uthisha kufanele amsuse eqenjini. Intombazane ijabulela ukuzwa indaba ifundwe eqenjini, kodwa ibeka ikhanda layo bese iqala ukukhahlela ngezinyawo lapho icela ukuba ifunde ngokuzwakalayo.
Enye yezinto ezimbi kakhulu ukukhubazeka ekufundeni ezingakwenza kumntwana ukuthi kube nomthelela omubi ekuzithekeni kwabo.
Naphezu kwemizamo yabazali nothisha yokuphumelela kwezingane, ukudumazeka okuphindaphindiwe nokungabi nokuphumelela kwezemfundo kubantwana abaningi abane-LD kungaholela esimweni esibizwa ngokuthi "ukufunda okungazi lutho." Lezi zingane zingase zizibize ngokuthi "ziyisiwula" futhi zikholelwa ukuthi akukho lutho bangenza ukuze bahlakaniphe, bathandeke ontanga yabo, baqondwe othisha nabanye abantu abadala emphakathini wesikole. Uma baphumelela emsebenzini, bavame ukuveza inhlanhla esikhundleni sokuhlakanipha nokusebenza kanzima.
Odokotela. USally noBennett Shaywitz weYunivesithi yaseYale, babonisa ngezifundo zabo ukuthi izingane ezine- dyslexia zivame ukubusiswa "ngolwandle olunamandla." Nakuba kunzima ukuhlukanisa izingxenye zamagama we-phonologic, zizungezwe amandla okucabanga, inkinga- ukuxazulula, ukuqonda, ukwakheka komqondo, ukucabanga okucabangelayo, ulwazi olujwayelekile kanye nesilulumagama.
Izimpawu Zokuziphatha Eziyisixwayiso Zokukhubazeka Ukufunda
Ukukhubazeka kwengane kungabangela ukuxabana okungokomzwelo okuthinta ukuxhumana kwabo kwansuku zonke nabothisha nabangane esikoleni, nabazali ekhaya, nabanye emphakathini.
Izimpawu zokuxwayisa zokufunda zifaka:
- Angifuni ukuya esikoleni.
- Ukusho imibono ehlekisa ngamakhono akhe njengokuthi, "Ngiyisiphukuphuku. Ngehlulekile. Angikwazi ukukwenza. "
- Gwema ukwenza izabelo zesikole.
- Ukuthi umsebenzi unzima kakhulu.
- Ukusola uthisha ngamamaki amabi.
- Angifuni ukukhombisa abazali umsebenzi wesikole.
- Ukwenqaba ukwenza isabelo esiklasini noma umsebenzi.
- Ukubonisa izifo zomzimba (ie izitho zomzimba, ikhanda, ukukhathazeka, kanye / noma ukucindezeleka).
- Ukwenqaba ukulandela imithetho yokufundela ekilasini ukuze ususwe ekilasini futhi ugweme ukwenza umsebenzi.
- Ukwenqaba ukuxhumana ukuze ugweme ukulwa: "Kwenzekani kulezi zivivinyo zezibalo?" "Angifuni ukukhuluma ngakho."
- Isigaba sokusakaza.
- Abangane bokuhlukunyezwa.
Ukuhlola Ukuziphatha Okusebenzayo
Kungadingeka ukuqedela ukuhlolwa okusebenzayo kokuziphatha, okuyinkqubo ephelele yokuxazulula izinkinga zokubhekana nokuziphatha kwezinkinga zabafundi. Ukuhlola kuxhomeke kumasu amaningi namasu okubheka ukuziphatha kwengane ngokuzenzekelayo kuzilungiselelo ezahlukene futhi phakathi nezinhlobo ezahlukene zemisebenzi. Kuhlanganisa nokufakelwa ngokuhlola kanye nemihlangano nabasebenzi besikole. Inhloso enkulu yokuhlola ukusiza amaqembu e-IEP anqume ukuthi ukungenelela okufanele kusetshenziselwe ukubhekana ngqo nokuziphatha kwezinkinga.
Kungaba nzima ukucacisa ukuthi ukukhubazeka kokufunda kwengane kubangele ngqo noma kubangele lezi zinhlobo zokuziphatha. Ukucindezeleka okuhlobene nomndeni kungaba nomthelela omkhulu ekuziphatheni esikoleni. Uma ingane ibonisa ukuziphatha okungahambi kahle, okuphazamiseka, noma ukuphazamiseka, kubalulekile ukubona udokotela ukubona ukuthi ingane inenkinga ephathelene nokukhathazeka njenge-ADHD noma isimo sengqondo.
Ngaphandle kokukhubazeka kokufunda, ukubhekana nezinkinga zomphakathi kungathatha umthamo wokuzihlonipha kwengane. Izingane ezine-LD ngokuvamile zinzima ukucela usizo ngezimo ezihlobene nontanga. Baswele amakhono omphakathi-ngokomzwelo adingekayo ukuze abhekane nokucindezela kontanga, ukuxhaphazwa , nokufunda izinkulumo zabanye. Bangase babe nenkinga yokwazi ukusebenzisana ngokufanele nabafundisi babo nabangane babo obuhlukile obulili.