Abacwaningi bebelokhu befunda ukuhlukunyezwa iminyaka. Yini abayitholile ukuthi kukhona okuningi ukuxhaphaza kunokuba uhlangane neso. Ngokwesibonelo, abantu abaningi babekholelwa ukuthi ukuhlukumezeka kuphela kwakuqukethe ukuxhaphaza ngokomzimba nokubiza amagama. Kodwa uma kuziwa ngokuhlukunyezwa kukhona empeleni izinhlobo eziningana zokuxhaphaza. Eqinisweni, kunezinhlobo eziyisithupha zokuxhashazwa, kuhlanganise konke okushiya ngaphandle nokuhleba ngabantu mayelana nokuhlekisa ubuhlanga noma inkolo yabo.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, akuzona zonke izihlukumezi ezifanayo. Wonke ama-bully unesitayela esithile futhi usebenzisa amaqhinga ahlukene ukuze asabise futhi alawule isisulu. Isibonelo, ezinye izingane ezixhaphazayo zihlambalaza ukuthi zihlasela kanjani umgomo wazo ngenkathi ezinye ziyiqiniso. Ngokuqaphela hhayi kuphela izinhlobo zokuxhashazwa kodwa futhi nezinhlobo zezihlukumezi ingane yakho engase ihlangane nazo, uyobe uhlomele kangcono ukusiza ingane yakho kunoma yisiphi isimo.
Izinhlobo ezingu-6 zokuxhaphaza
Lapho abantu abaningi becabanga ngokuxhashazwa , bacabanga ukuthi abafana bayabashaya, bakhonsa futhi baxabana. Kodwa ukuhlukunyezwa ngokomzimba kungukuphela kohlobo lokuxhashazwa izingane ezibandakanyekayo. Empeleni kunezinhlobo eziyisithupha zokuqala ukuxhaphaza. Nansi ukubuka kabanzi kwezinhlobo eziyisithupha zokuxhaphazwa ezitholakala ezikoleni.
Ukuxhaphaza ngokomzimba
Ukuxhashazwa ngokomzimba kuyindlela ecacile kakhulu yokuxhaphaza. Kwenzeka lapho izingane zisebenzisa izenzo zomzimba ukuze zithole amandla futhi zilawulwe izinhloso zazo. Izihlukumezi zomzimba zivame ukuba zikhulu, zinamandla futhi zihlukumeze ngaphezu koontanga. Izibonelo zokuhlukunyezwa ngokomzimba zihlanganisa ukukhahlela, ukushaya, ukushaya, ukushaya, ukushaya, nokunye ukuhlaselwa ngokomzimba.
Ngokungafani nezinye izinhlobo zokuxhashazwa, ukuxhashazwa ngokomzimba kuyona elula ukubona. Ngenxa yalokho, kungenzeka ukuthi abantu bacabanga ngani uma becabanga ngokuxhashazwa. Ukwengeza, kuye kwamukelwa ukunakekelwa okwengeziwe ezikoleni kunezinye izinhlobo ezicashile zokuxhaphaza.
Ukuxhashazwa Kwezwi
Abenzi bokuhlukunyezwa ngamazwi basebenzisa amagama, izitatimende, kanye negama-ukubiza ukuze bathole amandla nokulawula phezu kwelitshe. Ngokuvamile, izihlukumezi zomlomo zizosebenzisa ukuhlambalaza okungenasici ukuze zinciphise, zihlaziye futhi zilimaze omunye umuntu. Bakhetha izinhloso zabo ngokusekelwe endleleni ababukeka ngayo, isenzo, noma baziphathe ngayo. Kubuye kuvame ukuhlukunyezwa ngamazwi ukukhomba izingane ezinezidingo ezikhethekile.
Ukuhlukunyezwa ngamazwi ngokuvamile kunzima ukukhomba ngoba ukuhlasela kuhlale kwenzeka lapho abantu abadala bengekho. Ngenxa yalokho, livame ukukhuluma izwi lomuntu oyedwa ngokumelene negama lomunye umuntu. Ukwengeza, abantu abadala abadala banomuzwa wokuthi izinto izingane zisho azithinti abanye ngokuphawulekayo. Ngenxa yalokho, bavame ukutshela isisulu sokuxhashazwa ukuba "singayinaki." Kodwa ucwaningo luye lwabonisa ukuthi ukuhlukunyezwa ngamazwi nokubiza amagama kunemiphumela emibi futhi kungashiya izibazi ezijulile ezingokomzwelo.
Ukuhlukunyezwa kobudlelwane
Ukuhlukunyezwa ngokobudlelwane kuwuhlobo oluhlambalazayo nolunokuhlukunyezwa oluvame ukungaqondwa abazali nabafundisi. Ngezinye izikhathi kubhekwa njengokuhlukunyezwa ngokomzwelo, ukuhlukunyezwa ngokobudlelwane kuhlobo lokuhlukunyezwa kwezenhlalakahle lapho i-tweens kanye nentsha bezama ukulimaza ontanga yabo noma ukuchitha ukuma kwabo komphakathi.
Izihlukumezi zobudlelwano zivame ukuxosha abanye eqenjini, zisakaze amahemuhemu, zixhaphaze izimo, futhi ziphule izimfihlo. Umgomo ngemuva kokuhlukunyezwa ngokobudlelwane nobudlova ukwandisa ukuma kwabo komphakathi ngokulawula noma ukuxhaphaza omunye umuntu.
Ngokuvamile, amantombazane avame ukusebenzisa ukuhlukumeza ngokobudlelwane ngaphezu kwabafana, ikakhulukazi phakathi kwebanga lesihlanu nelesishiyagalombili. Ngenxa yalokho, amantombazane abamba ukuhlukunyezwa ngokobudlelwane avame ukubizwa ngokuthi amantombazane amancane noma ama-fren enemy. I-teen or tween ekupheleni kokuthola ukuhlukumeza ngokobudlelwane kungenzeka ihlehliswe, ihlaselwe, igxilwe, ingabandakanyi futhi isatshiswa. Nakuba ukuhlukunyezwa ngokobudlelwane kuvamile esikoleni esiphakathi, akukhawulelwanga kokubili. Eqinisweni, abaqashi abathile bokuhlukunyezwa nezinye izihlukumezi zomsebenzi bahlanganyela ekuhlukunyezweni ngokobudlelwane.
I-Cyberbullying
Uma i-interne noma intsha isebenzisa i-intanethi, i-smartphone, noma enye i-tekhnoloji yokuhlukumeza, isongela, ihlazeke noma ihlose omunye umuntu, lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi i- cyberbullying . Uma umuntu omdala ehilelekile ekuhlukunyezweni lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi ukuhlukunyezwa kwe-Cyber noma i-cyberstalking.
Izibonelo zokuhlukunyezwa kwe-intanethi zihlanganisa ukuthumela izithombe ezimazayo, ukwenza izinsongo ze-intanethi, nokuthumela ama-imeyili anokulimaza noma imibhalo. Ngenxa yokuthi intsha neshumi nambili "ixhunyiwe," ukukhulumisana nge-cyberbullying kuyinkinga ekhulayo phakathi kwentsha. Kubuye kwande kakhulu ngoba izihlukumezi zingakwazi ukuhlukumeza imigomo yazo ngenengozi encane yokubanjwa.
Ama-cyberbullies avame ukusho izinto ezingenaso isibindi sokuthi ubuso nobuso bubhekane. Ubuchwepheshe bubenza bazizwe bengaziwa, bexoshiwe, futhi baxoshwe esimweni. Ngenxa yalokho, ukuxhashazwa kwe-intanethi kuvame ukusho futhi kunonya.
Kumgomo wokuqhutshwa kwe-cyberbullying, uzizwa unonya futhi ungapheli. Iziqhwaga zingathola kuzo noma nini nanoma kuphi, ngokuvamile zihlala ekuphepha kwekhaya labo. Ngenxa yalokho, imiphumela ye-cyberbullying ibalulekile.
Ukuxhashazwa ngokobulili
Ukuhlukumezeka ngokocansi kunezenzo eziphindaphindiwe, ezinobungozi nezihlazo ezikhomba umuntu ngokocansi. Izibonelo zibandakanya ukubiza amagama okucansi, amazwana angcolile, ukuthinta okungcolile, ukuthinta okungavunyelwe, ukuphakanyiswa kocansi kanye nezinto zokuziphatha ezingcolile . Isibonelo, umhlukumezi angenza imibono engacacile ngokubukeka kwentombazane, ukuheha, ukuthuthukiswa ngokocansi, noma umsebenzi wezocansi. Ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, ukuxhashazwa ngokocansi kuvulwa umnyango wokuhlaselwa ngokocansi.
Ngokuvamile amantombazane ahlose ukuhlukunyezwa ngokocansi kokubili abafana namanye amantombazane. Abafana bangabathinta ngokungalungile, benze imibono engafanele ngemizimba yabo, noma bacele. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, amantombazane angase abize amanye amantombazane amagama afana ne "slut" noma "ukuphanga," ahlambalaze ngokubukeka kwawo noma umzimba, futhi ahlanganyele ekuhlambiseni izinhlanzi .
Ukuthumelelana imiyalezo ngezokuthutha kungaholela ekuhlukumezeni ngokocansi. Ngokwesibonelo, intombazane ingathumela isoka sayo isoka. Uma behlukana, uhlanganyela lesi sithombe nalo lonke isikole. Ekugcineni, uba yisihluthulelo sokuxhashazwa ngokocansi ngoba abantu bahlekisa ngomzimba wakhe, bamemeza ngamagama angcolile, futhi bakhulume kabi ngaye. Abanye abafana bangase babone lokhu njengesimemo esivulekile sokusikisela noma ukumshaya ngokocansi.
Ukuxhashazwa Okubandlulula
Ukuxhashazwa okubandlulula kuncike ekubandlululweni kwabantu abasha kanye nezinsizwa ezibhekene nabantu bezinhlanga ezahlukene, izinkolo, noma ubulili. Lolu hlobo lokuhlukumezeka lungabandakanya zonke ezinye izinhlobo zokuxhaphazwa okubandakanya ukuxhaphazwa kwe-cyberbullying , ukuhlukunyezwa ngamazwi, ukuhlukunyezwa ngokobudlelwane, ukuhlukunyezwa ngokomzimba, futhi ngezinye izikhathi ngisho nokuxhashazwa ngokocansi.
Lapho ukuhlukunyezwa okubandlulula kwenzeka, izingane zikhomba abanye abahlukile kubo futhi bazikhethela. Ngokuvamile, lolu hlobo lokuhlukunyezwa lukhulu futhi lungavulwa umnyango wokuzonda ubugebengu. Noma yisiphi isikhathi ingane ixhashazwa ngesimo sayo sobulili, ubuhlanga noma inkolo, kufanele kubikwe.
Izinhlobo Ezijwayelekile Zokuxhaphaza
Izihlukumezi zingashintsha kakhulu kusuka komunye umuntu kuya komunye. Zinezitayela ezahlukene, ubuntu, imigomo, kanye nokuziphatha. Futhi ukugqugquzela kwabo nezindlela zokuhlukunyezwa zihlukile. Kodwa khumbula, akuzona zonke izihlukumezi ezizohambelana kahle kulesi sigaba.
Ezinye izihlukumezi zizowela ezigabeni eziningana kanti ezinye zingase zivele zibe sesigaba sonke. Nansi ukubuka kabanzi kwezinhlobo eziyisithupha ezivame ukuxhaphazwa ingane yakho ingane yakho.
Izisulu Zokuhlukunyezwa
Izisulu ezihlukumezayo zivame ukuvuka ngemva kokuhlukunyezwa. Baxhaphaza abanye ababuthakathaka kunabo ngoba nabo, behlukunyezwa. Umgomo wabo uvame ukubuyisa amandla nokulawula empilweni yabo.
Lolu hlobo lwe-bully luvame kakhulu. Eqinisweni, inqwaba yezingane ezixhaphaza abanye ziye zahlukunyezwa zona. Ukuhlukunyezwa kwabo kuyindlela yokuziphindisela ngobuhlungu abazwayo. Ngezinye izikhathi isisulu sabantu abahlukunyezwayo sivela emgqonyeni wekhaya ngodlame lwasekhaya noma sibhekene nokuhlukunyezwa kusuka kumntakwethu omdala. Kulezi zimo, ukuxhashazwa kuwukuziphatha okufundiwe.
Iningi labantu abahlukunyezwayo lilahla noma liwela ngaphansi kwesiteleka sezenhlalo esikoleni. Leli qiniso lenezela emqondweni wokungabi namandla nentukuthelo abazizwayo. Ngenxa yalokho, ukuxhashazwa kwabo kubonakala sengathi kuyinzondo, okungabangela ukuba intukuthelo ingavunyelwe. Lokhu nakho kuqhubekisela phambili umjikelezo wesisulu se-bully .
Izidakamizwa ezidumile
Izihlukumezi ezidumile zinama-bigos amakhulu. Baqiniseka futhi behlambalaza. Ngokuvamile babe neqembu labalandeli noma abalandeli futhi bangase bazizwe sengathi babusa isikole. Ukwengeza, abahlukumezi abathandwayo banomqondo wokufaneleka ongabangelwa ukuthandwa kwabo, ubungako babo, ukukhuliswa kwabo noma isimo sabo sezenhlalo nezomnotho. Bayaba namandla emandleni kanye nokulawula abaphethe izisulu zabo futhi bangase baziqhayise ngokuxhashazwa kwabo.
Abafana abathandwa kakhulu bavame ukuxhaphaza abanye ngezenzo zangokwenyama ezifana nokucindezela umuntu ozungezile, ukuthatha izincwadi zabo noma ukuzitshela ngokumelene nezikhiye. Ngenkathi amantombazane adumile asebenzisa ukuhlukunyezwa kobudlelwano. Basakaza amahemuhemu, asebenzisa izinto ezikhohlisayo, futhi ngokuvamile akhiphe abanye.
Izidakamizwa ezidumile ngezinye izikhathi ngumdlali wezinkanyezi esikoleni noma umholi wesikole owaziwayo. Bathuthuka ekunakekeleni kanye namandla avela ekuhlukunyezweni. Abanye abasha bavame ukubekezelela lolu hlobo lwe-bully ngoba kungcono bamukeleke kunokuxhashazwa.
Izixhwanguxhwangu ezihlobene
Umhlukumezi oxoxisana naye ngokuvamile ungumfundi othandwa kakhulu othanda ukukhetha ukuthi ngubani owamkelwa esikoleni nokuthi ngubani ongakutholakali. Ukungafani, ukuhlukanisa nabanye, nokuxoshwa abanye yizikhali ezivame ukusetshenziswa yilolu hlobo lwe-bully. Ngokuvamile, umhlukumezi okhulumayo uzosebenzisa ukuhlukunyezwa ngamazwi noma ngokomzwelo ukuze alondoloze ukulawula. Izikhathi eziningi, amantombazane asho ukuthi kukhona abahlukumezayo.
Izihlukumezi zobudlelwane nazo zigcina amandla azo ngokusebenzisa amahemuhemu, ukuhleka, amalebuli, nokubiza amagama. Ngokuvamile, baqondisa abanye ngoba banomhawu noma bazizwa bengenakwamukeleka emphakathini. Ukugcina ukuthandwa kuyisizathu esiyinhloko sokuhlukunyezwa kobudlelwano . Umhlukumezi okhulumayo uzokwenza noma yini ukuze abe yingxenye "esixukwini."
Izihlukumezi Zomhlaba
Ukuhlukumezeka okuhlukile kunenye uhlobo lokuxhashazwa kuvame ukutholakala emibuthanweni ethandwayo. Lezi zihlukumezi zihlelekile, zilawulwa futhi zibalwa endleleni yazo. Kodwa abazali, othisha, kanye nabaphathi bangase bangabi nokho ukuthi yini i-bully eyinhloko ekwazi ukuyenza.
Ngaphandle, lolu hlobo lwe-bully lubonakala luhle, luhle, futhi lunomsindo kuzibalo zeziphathimandla. Kodwa ngaphakathi, bangabanda futhi babala futhi bathambekele ekuhluphekeni ngokomzwelo eziswini zabo esikhathini eside. Ngezinye izikhathi izihlukumezi eziningana zizosebenzisa ukuhlukunyezwa ngokomzimba kodwa kuphela uma zingaqiniseka ukuthi ngeke zibanjwe.
Izihlukumezi ze-serial nazo ziyi-manipulators abanamakhono nabaqambimanga futhi ngokuvamile ziyizinganekwane. Ukuzijabulisa kwabo okuhle futhi okuhle kungenye indlela yokusebenzisa izimo ngendlela abayithandayo.
Bayakwazi ukuhlanekezela amaqiniso nezimo ukuze bazibuke bengenacala noma bephuma enkingeni lapho bebhekene. Eqinisweni, abahlukumezi bezinsizwa ngokuvamile bahlakaniphile ekukhohlisweni ukuthi izisulu zabo ngokuvamile ziyesaba ukukhuluma, ziqiniseka ukuthi akekho oyozikholelwa.
Ama-Bullies weqembu
Iziqhwaga, eziwela kulesi sigaba, zivame ukuyingxenye yeqembu futhi zibe nomqondo wepakethe uma zihlangene. Bajwayele ukuxhaphaza njengeqembu kodwa baziphathe ngendlela ehlukile uma bebodwa-noma ngabe bodwa bodwa. Ngokuvamile, izihlukumezi zeqembu ziyizingqikithi ezilingisa umholi weqembu futhi zilandele nje.
Ngenxa yokuthi izingane zizwa zingasetshenzisiwe uma zikhona eqenjini, zivame ukuzizwa zikhululekile ukusho nokwenza izinto ezingenakuzenza ngaphandle kwalokho. Bazizwa benesibopho esingaphansi kwezenzo zabo ngoba "wonke umuntu uyayenza." Lona uhlobo oluyingozi kakhulu lokuxhaphaza ngoba izinto ngokushesha zingakwazi ukuqhubeka nokulawula.
Abahlukumezi abangenabanye
Abahlukumezi abaningi abavame ukuzwa uzwela . Ngenxa yalokho, bavame ukubonakala bebandayo, bengacabangeli, futhi baxhunyiwe futhi bancane kakhulu, uma kukhona, bezisola ngalokho abakwenza kwabanye. Lezi zinhlobo zezihlukumezi, nakuba zingavamile kakhulu kunezinye izinhlobo zezihlukumezi, ngokuvamile ziyingozi kakhulu.
Abahlukumezi abangenalutho ukuxhaphazwa kokuzithokozisa ngokubona omunye umuntu ehlupheka futhi abavinjelwe yizinyathelo zokuqondiswa kwezigwegwe . Ukwengeza, abahlukumezi abahlukumezayo bavame ukuhlukumezeka futhi banezinkinga ezijulile ezingokwengqondo okudingeka zibhekiswe ngumchwepheshe. Ukungenelela kwendabuko yokuvutha akuvami ukuletha ushintsho ekuhlukumezeni kwabo.
> Imithombo:
> Amayelana Nokuxhashazwa, StopBullying.gov, https://www.stopbullying.gov/media/facts/index.html
> Ukuxhashazwa Kwezikole Phakathi Kwezingane Zase-US: I-Physical, Relational, Verbal ne-Cyber, i-National Library of Medicine ne-National Institute of Health, i-https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2751860/
> Izinhlobo Zokuxhaphaza, Isikhungo Sikazwelonke Sokulwa Nokuhlukunyezwa, https://www.ncab.org.au/bullying-advice/bullying-for-parents/types-of-bullying/