Ukubonakala kwezibonakaliso kulabo abathola ukukhubazeka okungenamazwi (NVLD) noma i-Asperger kunezinombolo eziningi. Womabili amaqembu aphikisana nokufunda amakhono omphakathi. Womabili amaqembu angase ahluleke ukuthola izinhloko ezinkulu ezindabeni, okuholela ekufundeni izinkinga zokuqonda.
Ukuncintisana nezindaba, i-NVLD ingakabhaliswa kwiNcwadi yokuThola futhi yeStatistical of Disorders Disorders , ezokwenza i-NVLD isethi yezimpawu ezivame ukuvunyelwa kwabahlengikazi ukuxilonga i-NVLD.
U-Asperger wahlelwa ngaphambilini ku-DSM, kodwa wasuswa ngo-2013.
Khumbula ukuthi uhlu ku-DSM alufakazi ukuthi ngabe isimo asikho noma cha, kodwa ukuthi kuchazwa kanjani futhi sitholwe kanjani ukuze labo abanesimo bangakwazi ukuthola ukwelashwa okufanele nokwesekwa.
Kuyini i-NVLD?
I-NVLD ukukhubazeka kokufunda okuthekisana nokucubungula indawo kanye nokubonakala kwendawo. Ngamanye amazwi, umuntu onama-NVLD uzama ukuqonda ubukhulu, ukuma, isiqondiso, ukuqondisa, nokuhamba kwezinto ezibonakalayo ezizungezile. I-NVLD ayithinti amakhono okukhuluma njengokukhuluma noma ukuhlaziya amagama uma ufunda.
Kuyini i-Asperger's Syndrome?
I-Asperger's syndrome manje ichazwa yi-DSM njengendlela encane ye-autism disorder. Ukuphazamiseka kwe-Autism kuchazwa ngokuthi "... ukuphazamiseka okubandakanya ukungezwani kanye / noma izinselele kumakhono okuxhumana nomphakathi, amakhono amahle kanye namakhono amakhulu, inkulumo, kanye nekhono lobuhlakani."
Lezo zincazelo ezisheshayo zibonisa ukuthi kukhona okunye okubonakalayo lapho izimpawu ziqala khona, kanti ukubukeka okujulile kubonisa umehluko:
Ukubunzima Ukuqonda Ulimi Lomzimba
Abantu abane-NVLD balwela ngokubona umehluko wokuthi izinto ezizungezile zibukeka kanjani. Bangase bakuthole kunzima ukutshela umehluko phakathi kwezinto ezimbili ezihlukene, noma ukuma kwalezo zinto. Lokhu kungenza kube inselele ukubona ukuthi umehluko olimini lomzimba womunye umuntu.
Omunye onesi-NVLD angeke akwazi ukucubungula ukuthi ukumomotheka nokugcoba akufani. Ukulukhuni ukucubungula amabanga kanye nesimo sezinto kungenza umuntu nge-NVLD angayiqondi noma aqaphele ukuthi kude kangakanani noma kuvaliwe komunye umuntu.
Umuntu onesimo se-autism angase aqaphele ulimi lomzimba womunye umuntu, kodwa kunalokho ahlukumeze ngokuhumusha incazelo yelwimi lomzimba nokukhuluma.
2. Ukungqubuzana "Ukuhlushwa"
Umzabalazo wokucubungula indawo okwenziwa yi-NVLD kungenza kube nzima ukuhamba endaweni engokwenyama, noma ngisho nokwenza amakhono emoto amnandi. Ngenxa yokuthi banenkinga yokuqonda ukuthi ziphi lapho ziphathelene nemvelo, abantu abahlangabezana ne-NVLD bangase babe yingozi. Bangase babe nezinkinga ezingqondweni ngokwenza lokho abakwenzayo ngezandla zabo lapho befunda ukubhala noma ukubopha izicathulo.
Abantu abane-autism bavame ukulwa namakhono amakhono, kodwa lezi zinkinga aziyona izici zabo bonke abantu abane-autism. Lapho ukulibaziseka kwezimoto kukhona, ngokuvamile kuvame ukuhambisana nokuhlela noma ukuhlela ukuhamba.
3. Ukungqubuzana Inkulumo
Esinye sezici eziyinhloko ze-NVLD ukuthi ayikuthinti ikhono lokukhuluma. Labo abane-NVLD banamakhono ajwayelekile noma asezingeni eliphezulu.
Izinkinga ezinkulumo zivame kubantu abane-autism, nakuba abantu abaningi abanezimo ezinamandla ze-autism banakho ikhono elihle kakhulu lokukhuluma.
4. Ukunyakaza okuphindaphindiwe nemikhuba
Abantu abane-autism bavame ukusebenzisa ukunyakaza okuphindaphindiwe njengendlela yokunciphisa noma yokuzola. Lokhu kungathatha ifomu lokuzulazula emuva nangemuva, ukuhamba phambili nangemva, ukwenza umsindo ngokuphindaphindiwe, nokunweba ngomunwe. Bangase babe nokunye ukuziphatha okuphindaphindiwe.
Lokhu kuziphatha okuphindaphindiwe akuyona ingxenye ye-NVLD.
Izwi elivela ku-Verywell
Uma ukuthola isifo esifanelekile se-NVLD noma i-Asperger kungase kubonakale kunzima, ungaqhubeka ubukele ingane yakho futhi uphishekele izinketho ezitholakalayo zokusekela emphakathini wakho nasesikoleni.
Khumbula ukuthi umuntu ngamunye uhlukile, futhi uzama amasu ahlukene nengane yakho ukubona ukuthi yini ebasizayo yinto ongayenza ekhaya kungakhathaliseki ukuthi usekufuneni kwakho ukuthola ukuxilongwa okulungile.
Ukuqonda umehluko omkhulu ongakusiza kungakusiza ukwazi ukuthi yini okumele uyibheke, kanye nokuthi yini ongayichazela abasebenzi bezikole kanye nabanye abadala abakusizayo empilweni yengane yakho.
> Griffin, M. "Ingabe Ukukhubazeka Okungafundile Okungafani Nama-Asperger's Syndrome?" Understood.org, www.understood.org/en/learning-attention-issues/child-learning-disabilities/nonverbal-learning-disabilities/difference-between -nonverbal-learning- disabled- and- > aspergers > -syndrome? gclid = EAIaIQobChMI3fuNsezN1gIV0Zd-Ch0AYAtYEAAYASAAEgI9wPD_BwE. Ifinyelele ngomhla ka-20 Septemba 2017.
> I-Mammarella, i-IC, ne-Cornoldi C. "Ukuhlaziywa kwezinqubo ezisetshenziselwa ukuxilonga izingane ezinokukhubazeka okungafundile (NLD)." I- Child Neuropsychology , vol. 20, cha. 3, 24 Meyi 2013, iphe. 255-280.
> "Ukukhubazeka okungafundiwe kokuFunda." Uhlelo lwe-NVLD - Ucwaningo lwemali kanye nemfundo - nvld.Org, I-NVLD Project, nvld.org/non-verbal-learning-disabilities/.
> Volden, J. "Ukukhubazeka kokufunda okungenalutho." I- Handbook ye-Neurology Clinical Neurology Izingane I-Part I , 2013, iphe. 245-249., Ini: 10.1016 / b978-0-444-52891-9.00026-9.