Lokho Okushiwo Ukuphakama Nesisindo Sama-Percentiles Kusho
Amashadi okukhula iyithuluzi lokulandelela ukukhula kwengane nentuthuko yengane. Basiza udokotela wezingane ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ingane ithola amasentimitha, ibeke amakhilogremu, futhi ikhuphuke ngosayizi wekhanda (isibonakaliso sokuthuthukiswa kobuchopho okunempilo nangokwejwayelekile) ngesilinganiso esivamile kuminyaka yakhe.
Ngokukhipha izinga lokuphakama kwengane, isisindo, kanye nesisindo sekhanda ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, lezi zilinganiso zivumela odokotela nabazali ukuba babone ukuthi ingane isanda isisindo ngokushesha kunokuba yengeze amasentimitha, noma izibonakaliso ezibonakalayo ukuthi ingase ibe yindlela yokuba ukukhuluphala ngokweqile noma ukungadli ngendlela efanele;
Ukuqonda ama-Percentiles
Uma ingane yakho udokotela elinganisa ukuphakama, isisindo nesisindo sekhanda, ngeke nje akutshele imiphumela ngemasentimitha kanye namakhilogremu, uzophinde abonise ukuthi ama-percentile akhe angakanani ngesilinganiso ngasinye.
Inombolo ye-percentile isho ukuthi ingane yakho idlula lelo phesenti labantwana abaneminyaka yakhe yokulinganisa. Uma engama-75th percentile wokuphakama, ude kunamaphesenti angama-75 eminye iminyaka ubudala, isibonelo. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, uma engama-25centile wesisindo, uvele eqa ngaphezu kwamaphesenti angu-25 ebantwaneni abanesisindo.
Ukudweba Ukukhula Kwezingane Zakho
Uma ungathanda ukugcina indlela ingane yakho ekhula ngayo phakathi kokuvakasha kukadokotela, ungathola amashadi okukhula ku-intanethi ukukusiza ukwenza lokho. Isinyathelo sokuqala ukuthola ishadi elifanele. Uma ingane yakho iphilile futhi ikhula ngendlela evamile, unezinhlobo ezimbalwa zokukhetha kuye ngokuthi uneminyaka engakanani. Ukuze usana noma ingane encane (kuze kube yiminyaka engu-2), sebenzisa amashadi okukhula avela kwi-World Health Organization (WHO), ekhombisa izinga lomhlaba wonke elakhiwe ngo-2006.
Uma ingane yakho ineminyaka engu-2 noma ngaphezulu, bheka amashadi okukhula akhiwe yiNational Center for Health Statistics. Lezi zibuyekeziwe futhi zibuyekezwa yi-US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) ngo-2000.
Qaphela ukuthi kukhona futhi amashadi okukhula amantombazane angakapheli kanye nezingane ezizalwa ngezimo ezithile, njenge-Down syndrome, i-Prader-Willi syndrome, i-achondroplasia, i-Marfan syndrome, nabanye.
I-Magic Foundation inikeza amashadi akhethekile okukhula kwabantwana abane-Noonan syndrome, i-Turner syndrome, i-Russell-Silver syndrome, nemibandela eminingi.
Ukufunda Amashadi
Ngithi unomfana oneminyaka engu-2 ubudala olinganisa amapremu angu-30. Ukuthola ukuthi yiziphi izibalo zakhe, qala ngokusebenzisa ishadi lokukhula kwe-CDC kubafana kusukela ekuzalweni kuya ezinyangeni ezingu-36 . Lesi shadi, njengabanye bonke, sineminyaka yobudala phezulu nangaphansi kwegridi nobude nesisindo ngakwesokunxele nakwesokudla kwegridi. Amakhodi eshadini akhombise ama-percentile ubude obudala nobudala obunzima.
- Isinyathelo A: Thola iminyaka yengane engezansi kweshadi bese udweba umugqa oqondile eshadini lokukhula (kusuka phezulu kuya phansi). Ngalesi sibonelo, uzobe udweba umugqa ngezinyanga ezingu-24 (iminyaka emibili).
- Isinyathelo B: Manje thola isisindo somntwana ngakwesokunene seshadi, amakhilogremu angu-30 kulesi sibonelo, bese udweba umugqa oqondile (kusukela kwesobunxele kuya kwesokudla).
- Isinyathelo C: Thola indawo lapho le migqa emibili ihamba khona noma idlulane.
- Isinyathelo D : Thola ijika elikude kule ndawo bese ulilandela kuze kube yilapho uthola inombolo ehambelana ne-percentile yengane yakho.
Kulesi sibonelo, ungabona ukuthi umfana oneminyaka engu-2 ubudala onamapayipi angama-30 ku-75th percentile wesisindo sakhe, okusho ukuthi unesisindo esingaphezu kwamaphesenti angama-75 abafana bakhe, futhi angaphansi kwamaphesenti angama-25 amanye amabili- abafana abaneminyaka engu-
Ukuthola i-percentile yengane kuyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu uma ijika lingadluleli ndawo lapho ubudala nobukhulu behlangana khona. Isibonelo, uma umfana esilinganisweni esilinganisa amakhilogremu angu-31 ungasebenzisa zonke izinyathelo ezifanayo kodwa futhi kufanele ucabange ijika eliphakathi kwendawo ephakathi kwama-75th and 90th percentiles, efakazela ukuthi wayengu-80 kuya ku-85th percentile.
Uma ingane yakho ingaphezu kwe-95 noma ngaphansi kwe-percentile yesi-5, ngeke ukwazi ukuthola i-percentile eqondile, ngaphandle kokuthi ukuthi ungaphezulu noma ngaphansi kweshadi lokukhula, kodwa ungasebenzisa izinyathelo ezifanayo ukuhlela ukuphakama kwengane yakho kanye nenombolo yomzimba womzimba.
Lisho ukuthini ama-percentile?
Kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuthi amashadi okukhula angasetshenziselwa ukulandela ukukhula kwengane yakho ngokuhamba kwesikhathi noma ukuthola iphethini yokukhula kwakhe. Ukuhlunga isisindo somntwana wakho nokuphakama ngeminyaka ehlukene futhi ubone ukuthi ulandela ijika elikhulayo lokubaluleka kubaluleke kakhulu kunalokho ama-percentile akhe akhona nganoma yisiphi isikhathi esisodwa.
Ngisho noma ingane yakho iyingxenye yesihlanu yesisindo sayo (okusho ukuthi amaphesenti angama-95 ezingane zakhe ubudala anesisindo esingaphezu kwalokho akwenzayo), uma ehlala e-percentile yesihlanu, kungenzeka ukuthi ukhula ngokujwayelekile. Kungaba nokuphathelene nokuthi kungase kusho ukuthi kunenkinga ngokukhula kwakhe uma ngabe ngaphambili wayephakathi kwe-50th noma 75th percentile futhi manje sehlehlele phansi ku-percentile yesihlanu.
Futhi, khumbula ukuthi izingane ezineminyaka engama-6 kuya kwezingu-18 zivame ukunyuka noma zihlasele ema-percentiles, kodwa izingane ezikhulile kufanele zilandele ijika layo lokukhula ngokuseduze.
> Imithombo:
> Amasevisi Okulawula Nokuvimbela Izifo (CDC). " Sebenzisa futhi ukuhumusha kwe-WHO ne-CDC Growth Charts for Children kusukela eminyakeni engu-20 ukuya e-United States ." May 2013.
> I-Grummer-I-Straw LM, i-Reinold C, i-Krebs NF. "Ukusetshenziswa kwe-World Health Organization kanye ne-CDC Growth Charts for Children Ekhulile inyanga engu-0-59 e-United States." I- MMWR Incomo ka-2010 ; 59 (RR-9); 1-15.
> I-Multicentre Growth Reference Study Study. "I-WHO Yezinga Lokukhula Kwabantwana: Ukukhula Kwama-Velocity ngokusekelwe kwesisindo, ubude nobukhulu bezinhloko: Izindlela Nokuthuthukiswa." 2009.