Ingabe Ingumfana Noma Intombazane?
Lapho usana luzalwa, silindele ukuzwa, 'ngumfana' noma 'uyintombazane'. Uma lokhu kungenakwenziwa, kuyabangela inselele kubazali bobabili nabasebenzi bezokwelapha.
Ukuthuthukiswa kwe-Fetal nokungajwayelekile komzimba
Ngenxa yinkimbinkimbi yentuthuko ye-fetal, izinto zingakwazi, futhi zenza, ngezinye izikhathi zihamba kahle. Kunezinhlobo eziningi ezehlukene zokungajwayelekile ngokobulili. Abesilisa bangabalwa ngamathambo angenasici (amacici ayesekhona ngaphakathi kwesikhumba) kodwa ngezinsikazi ezibukeka besifazane; isimo esaziwa ngokuthi i-pseudohermaphroditism yesilisa.
Izingane zingaba nama-ovari nama-testicles kanye nezitho zangasese ezibukeka kabi futhi yilokho okubizwa ngokuthi i-hermaphroditism.
Ukukhetha kobulili
Izinsana ezalwa nge-micropenis zaze zafika, okwamanje nje, ubulili obelwe njengowesifazane. Ipenisi encane kakhulu yaxoshwa futhi usana lukhuliswe njengentombazane.
Ngokungangabazeki, lolu hlobo lwezokwelapha lwaba ukwelashwa okhethweni ngenxa yomsebenzi nesimo sobudokotela okuthiwa uJohn Money. UDkt. Money kanye nozakwethu basebenze nezinsana ezingacabangi ngocansi eJohn Hopkins Medical Center, kusukela cishe phakathi nawo-1950s kuze kube yamuva. Umsebenzi wawuvame ukuhlonishwa kakhulu futhi uDkt. Money wanikeza ubuholi emkhakheni wezokwelapha owawukuthi, futhi uhlala uxabana kakhulu. Loluhlobo lwezokwelapha kufanele lubekwe esimweni senhlalo kanye namasiko ngaleso sikhathi.
Amaphuzu abalulekile ekuKwenzeni izinqumo ngesikhathi
- Abantu bangathathi hlangothi ngokwengqondo ngesikhathi bezalwa, ngakho-ke uma bephathwa futhi behlanganiswa njengendoda, ingane izokhula njengendoda.
- Ukuthuthukiswa kwengqondo kuhlobene nokubukeka kwangaphandle kwezitho zobulili, ngakho uma ubheka phansi ubone ipeni, uzokhula njengomfana.
- Uma ubulili bunganqunywa ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka noma, ikakhulukazi phakathi kwezinyanga ezingu-18 kuya kweyesi-2, kuzothola impumelelo enkulu. Ulimi nalo lwacatshangwa ukuthi luyisici esibalulekile. Ngakho-ke uma ingane iqonda ulimi, iyakwazi ukuthi yiliphi ubulili.
- Abazali kumele bakholelwe ubulili okhethiwe futhi umsebenzi udokotela ukukhuthaza ukuqinisekiswa kobulili. Ukuvumela ukungabaza kwabonakala kubangela izinkinga ezibuhlungu kokubili kubazali nosana.
Izidakamizwa ezingcolile
Ingabe owesifazane angaba owesilisa nje ngokuthuthukiswa okuhlinzekwayo kwe-phallus ekhulisiwe noma engavamile? Impendulo yukuthi ukuhlinzeka ngokuvamile kungenza izitho zangaphandle zobulili zibuke owesilisa noma owesifazane. Amahomori anganikezwa ezinyangeni ezimbalwa zokuqala zokuphila futhi futhi ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa ukuze kusize ukulungiswa kobulili. Lokhu kungasebenza isikhathi eside uma izinto zihamba kahle, okungukuthi,
- uma i-hormone ibekezelela kahle futhi yenza umsebenzi wayo
- uma abazali bakholelwa ekulalweni kobulili olunikezwa ingane yabo
- ubulili bomuntu ngamunye buzwa ukuthi ubulili obelwe wona.
Ngaleso sikhathi, futhi uma kungabikho izindlela ezibonakalayo, le ndlela ngokuvamile ibhekwa njengendlela engcono kakhulu etholakalayo.
Umlando we-Treatment of Intersex (i-Genitalia engenamanga)
Ukwelashwa kwe-intersex kwakuthonywe kakhulu ekutadisheni komfana othile ogama lakhe elaphulwa ngengozi ngesikhathi sokusoka; okuthiwa, icala likaJohn / Joan. Ukwelashwa kwakhe okwalandela ngemuva kwe-castration eminyakeni emibili ubudala kwakuhlanganisa amahomoni wesifazane ekukhusheni okwavumela ukukhula kwamabele.
Ukuzibandakanya kwakhe njengentombazane kwakucatshangwa, iminyaka eminingi, ukuba iphumelele ngakho-ke yaqondisa ukwelashwa kwamanye amacala. Kodwa-ke, walahla ukubuyiswa kwakhe ngokobulili futhi, lapho eseneminyaka engu-20 ubudala, waphindela emuva ephila njengomfana.
Ingabe Kukhona Ubulili Ngesithathu - I-Intersex?
Muva nje, impikiswano mayelana nesabelo sobulili ishintshe ekubhekeni izinto ngendlela entsha. Lokhu kuza ngesikhathi lapho umphakathi uzimisele ngokwengeziwe ukuvuma ubulili njengento eyinkimbinkimbi kunokuba owesilisa noma owesifazane. Okubaluleke kakhulu, abantu abanolwazi lwe-intersex bathola izwi eliba namandla kakhulu.
Abanye babo bathi umphakathi awufanele ukuphazamisa izenzakalo ezenzeka ngokwemvelo nokuthi impendulo iwukuvuma ukuthi empeleni, ubulili besithathu.
Ilungelo Lokunquma Ucansi Lwakho
Enye yezindaba ezisemqoka manje ibeka ilungelo lomuntu ukuthi anqume. Umbuzo wukuthi ingabe izinguquko zokuhlinzwa kufanele zenziwe ngaphambi kokuba abantu bakwazi ukuzikhethela, noma kungenzeka yini ukulimala kwengqondo ukuthi ukungenela kwangempela kuyindlela enhle kunazo zonke yokuqhubeka?
> Imithombo:
> Milton Diamond (1997) Ubunikazi bezocansi kanye nokuqondisa ngokocansi ezinganeni ezineGenitalia ehlukumezekile noma engathandeki. I-Journal of Sex Research, Umq. 34, 1997
> Milton Diamond, Ph.D. kanye no-H. Keith Sigmundson, MD (1997) Ukuphathwa kwe-INTERSEXUALITY: Izinkombandlela zokusebenzisana nabantu abanezinkinga ezingekho emthethweni Ingqolobane yezingane kanye ne-Adolescent Medicine, Umqulu 151: Amakhasi 1046-1050,
> U-Suzanne J. Kessler (1990) I-Medical Construction Yezobulili: Ukuphathwa Kwamacala Ezinsana Zase-Intersexed. Izimpawu, Umq. I-16, No. 1, Kusuka kuDisk Drive kuya ku-Software: Ubulili, Amakhompiyutha, Nokuhluka (Ukwindla, 1990), kk. 3-26
> Isifinyezo seSitatimende soVumelwane mayelana nezinkinga ze-Intersex nokuphathwa kwazo. UChristopher P. Houk, MD, PhDAa, Ieuan A. Hughes, FMedSci, FRCPCHb, c, S. Faisal Ahmed, FRCPCHd, Peter A. Lee, MD, PhDe, c kanye neKomidi lokuBhala i-International Intersex Consensus Conference abahlanganyeli. I-PEDIATRICS Vol. 118 No. 2 Agasti 2006, i-pp. 753-757 (i-doi: 10.1542 / imigqa.2006-0737)