Yini abasunguli be-Google Larry Page no-Sergey Brin, Sean "Diddy" Combs, uJulia Child, uThomas Edison, Izikhulu uWilliam noHarry, no-Anne Frank abafana nabo? Bonke babefundile esikoleni esisekelwe eMontessori.
Uma unquma ukuthi yiluphi uhlelo lokuthumela ingane yakho, kunezici eziningi okufanele uzicabangele. Kunezinhlelo zokunakekelwa kwezinsuku, izikole ezisekhaya, nezinkulisa.
Indlela yokufundisa kanye nefilosofi esetshenziswe yisikole kufanele ibe yingxenye yesinqumo sakho. Kunezindlela eziningi zokufundisa ezihlukene: Izikole zaseMontessori ziyaziwa ngokugqugquzela ukuzimela, izikole zaseWaldorf zokudala, indlela ephakeme / ye-High / Scope ibeka imigomo yomuntu yabantwana, iBanning Street igxile emfundweni enomntwana, kanti indlela kaReggio Emilia ilandela indlela yengane ukuthuthukiswa kwemvelo. Njengomzali wengane eyitholile imfundo yaseMontessori, ngimangele ukukhula kwakhe nendlela ayenziwe ngayo ngokuhlangenwe nakho kwakhe.
I-Montessori Education Yathuthukisa Kanjani?
Imfundo yaseMontessori yasungulwa udokotela waseMtaly noMfundisi Maria Montessori. UMontessori wenza imibono yakhe eminingi ngenkathi esebenza nezingane ezingenselele ezingqondweni. Isikole sakhe sokuqala, u- Casa dei Bambini , savulelwa izingane ezifundela ukusebenza endaweni empofu eRome. Indlela yeMontessori ibonakala ngokugxila ekuzimele, inkululeko ngaphandle kwemingcele, nokuhlonipha intuthuko yengqondo yengane, nentuthuko yezenhlalo.
I-Montessori Approach
I-Montessori iyindlela yokufundisa esekelwe emsebenzini wokuqondisa, ukufundwa ngezandla, nokudlala okubambisanayo. Ezindaweni zamakilasi aseMontessori, izingane zenza izinqumo zokuzikhethela ekufundeni kwazo, kanti ekilasini kanye nothisha banikeza imisebenzi efanelekayo yokuhola inqubo.
Izingane zisebenza ngamaqembu kanye ngabanye ukuthola nokuhlola ulwazi lwezwe nokuthuthukisa amathuba abo.
Imodeli isekelwe ezimisweni ezimbili eziyisisekelo. Okokuqala, izingane kanye nabantu abadala abakhulayo bazibandakanya ngokwengqondo ngokwakhiwa kwezindlela zabo. Okwesibili, izingane, ikakhulukazi ngaphansi kweminyaka eyisithupha, zinezindlela ezingenasisekelo zokuthuthukiswa kwengqondo. UMaria Montessori wayekholelwa ukuthi izingane zikhula kangcono uma zivunyelwe ukwenza izinqumo futhi zenze ngokukhululekile ngaphakathi kwendawo ezigcizelela izimfanelo ezilandelayo:
- Ilungiselelo elenza ukunyakaza nokusebenza
- Ubuhle nokuvumelana, ukuhlanzeka kwemvelo
- Ukwakhiwa ngokulingana nengane kanye nezidingo zakhe
- Ukunciphisa izinto, ngakho-ke impahla kuphela exhasa ukuthuthukiswa kwengane ifakiwe
- I-oda
- Imvelo ekilasini nangaphandle kweklasi
Umehluko
Ezinye izikole zilandela imithetho eqinile yeMontessori ngenkathi abanye belandela imigomo kaMontessori. Umehluko omkhulu emakilasini aseMontessori ukuthi ingane yakho iyingxenye yeqembu labantwana abaneminyaka emi-3 ukuya kweyisithupha noma lesithupha ubudala, futhi uhlala nabafundisi abafanayo iminyaka engaphezu konyaka. Inhloso ukudala umphakathi ofana nomndeni lapho izingane zikhetha imisebenzi ngezinga labo, futhi izingane ezindala zizuza ukuzethemba ngokusiza ukufundisa izingane ezincane.
Ukufunda kwe-Montessori kusekelwe emsebenzini wokuqondisa, ukufundwa ngezandla, nokudlala okubambisanayo. Emakilasini aseMontessori, izingane zikhetha ukuthi yiziphi izinto abafuna ukuzenza nazo, kanti uthisha uqondisa inqubo ngokunikela ngemisebenzi efanelekayo. Izingane zingasebenza ngamaqembu noma ngabanye ngenkathi zithola futhi zihlola.
Iyini Iklasi LaseMontessori Libukeka?
Yize izikole zihlukana nokuthi zilandela kangakanani izindlela, ama-classroom amaningi aseMontessori asezindaweni zasesikoleni ahlanzekile, ahlelekile kahle futhi ahlanzekile. Lesi sikhala esikhangayo sisiza izingane zizwe zigxile futhi zizolile. Kukhona izikhala zemisebenzi yeqembu kanye namagundane namabhedi lapho ingane ingahlala futhi iphumule.
Yonke into eklasini ifinyeleleka kalula kubantwana ukuze kukhuthazwe ukuzimela.
Igumbi linezindawo ezichazwe kahle zezingxenye ezahlukene zekharikhulamu, kufaka phakathi:
- Ukuphila Okuwusizo, okusiza ukwakha amakhono okuphila nsuku zonke
- Ukuzwa, okusiza ukuthuthukisa amakhono okuzwa
- Izibalo
- Ulimi
- Amasiko, afaka umculo, ubuciko, geography, nesayensi.
Indawo yethu engokwemvelo iyisihloko esiyinhloko eMfundessori, kanti namakilasi amaningi aseMontessori agcina izici zemvelo ezifana nezimbali noma ezinye izitshalo eziphilayo, ingadi noma i-seashell.
Ingabe i-Montessori iyakufanelekela kahle ingane yakho?
Ukunquma ukuthi iyiphi indlela yokufundisa ehambisana kangcono nobuntu bakho nezidingo zakho yisinqumo somuntu siqu. Ukwazi ingane yakho kuyisinyathelo sokuqala nesibaluleke kakhulu ekuhloleni ukuthi ngabe isikole saseMontessori sizoba yini umdlalo wakho. Ngoba kukhona ukufunda okuziqondisayo, abanye bangase bacabange ukuthi uMontessori ngeke asebenze kahle ngenye ingane enomdlandla, kodwa ukuhleleka nokuzola kungase kubeke ukuzinza kwengane okungenenkinga yokuncipha.
Izidingo Ezikhethekile
Izingane ezinesidingo esikhethekile, njengokufunda noma ukukhubazeka ngokomzimba, zivame ukukhula esimweni seMontessori. Izinto ezisetshenziselwa izilungiselelo zaseMontessori zihlanganisa zonke izinzwa. Abafundi bakhululekile ukuhamba ngeklasi, okuyinto enhle kulabo abadinga umsebenzi omningi. Ingane ngayinye ifunda ngesivinini sayo futhi ayikho ingcindezi yokuhlangabezana namazinga asemthethweni ngesikhathi esinqunyiwe.
Yini Ongayibheka Ngayo Ukuvakasha?
Kunoma yikuphi ukuvakasha kwesikole , kubalulekile ukuqaphela isimo seklasini nokuthi othisha nabafundi baziphatha kanjani komunye nomunye. Ingabe kubonakala sengathi abafundi bahlanganyela? Ingabe othisha babukeka benesizungu? Buza ukuthi kukhona indawo yangaphandle bese uyibheka. Izindawo zokudlala ze-Montessori kufanele zivumele ukuhamba kwezimoto ezinkulu njengokugijima, ukuphonsa, ukukhuphuka nokulinganisa.
Ukushintshela eSikoleni Sendabuko
Izingane eziningi zichitha iminyaka yabo yasenkulisa kuphela ekilasini laseMontessori, kanti abanye baqhubeka esikoleni samabanga aphansi kanye / noma esikoleni esiphakathi. Kuyoba khona ukungafani phakathi kwemfundo yengane yakho yeMontessori nemfundo yabo yendabuko. Lokhu kungezwani kungabandakanya: ukukhetha umsebenzi wakhe ngokufunda okukuhlelweni lwesifundo somfundisi; ukuhamba ngokukhululekile nxazonke ekilasini ngokuhlala esihlalweni esinikeziwe; futhi ufunde ekilasini elidala elihlangene nokufunda nabafundi bakhe ubudala. Kodwa ungakhathazeki, izingane ziyavumelana nezimo. Izingane ezinezemfundo yaseMontessori zivame ukufunda ukuzethemba nokuzinza, ngolwazi lokuthi ungasebenza kanjani njengengxenye yomphakathi waklasini. Ngenxa yalokhu, abafundi abaguquka eMontessori bajwayele ukushintsha kalula futhi ngokushesha endleleni eningi.