Yiziphi nokuthi kungani zibalulekile
I-Lipids yizinto ezitholakala emzimbeni ongeke zichithwe emanzini. Kunezinhlobo eziningi ze-lipids kuhlanganise namafutha, amavithamini amanama-soluble, ama-fatty acids, ama-waxes, nama-steroids. I-Lipids isekela ukwakheka kwamaseli, igcine izinga lokushisa komzimba, futhi yenza ama-hormone. Kodwa, umsebenzi obaluleke kakhulu we-lipids ukugcina amandla emzimbeni.
Lipids ku-Breast Milk
I-Lipids yenza u-3-5% wokubunjwa ubisi lwebele .
Ingxenye yama-calories kanye nesigamu samandla ingane yakho ethola ekudleni isuka ku-lipids ebisi lakho lwebele . Ngaphandle kwamandla, i-lipids inikeza umthombo obalulekile wama-fatty acids ebalulekile kanye ne-cholesterol. Zibalulekile futhi ekukhuleni (nokuzuza kwesisindo) somntanakho nokuthuthukiswa kwengqondo nombono wengane yakho.
Amafutha ebisi lakho lwebele angase abe neqhaza ekulawuleni ukudla komntanakho. Njengoba inani lamafutha ebisi lwebele likhuphuka njengoba ingane yakho ibeletha esifubeni esifanayo, ingagcwalisa ingane yakho bese imenza ukuba ayeke ukunakekelwa. Futhi, njengoba amafutha ethatha isikhathi eside ukuze ashiye isisu, kungasiza ukugcina ingane yakho yanelise isikhathi eside phakathi kokuphakelayo.
Izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene ze-lipids zitholakale ebisi lwebele. Ososayensi bayaqhubeka nokucwaninga ngoba bengazi imisebenzi kanye nokubaluleka kwabaningi babo. Nazi ezimbalwa ze-lipids ebalulekile ebisi lwebele esiyazi ngakho.
Triglycerides
I-Triglycerides inamafutha. Ziyi-lipid esemqoka etholakala ebisi lwebele, futhi zenza u-98% wamafutha obisi lwebele. I-Triglycerides inesibopho sokugcina amandla. Izibopho ezithinta ama-molecule we-triglyceride ndawonye aqukethe amandla. Lapho i-triglycerides idiliziwe, izibopho ziphuka futhi zikhulule amandla.
I-cholesterol
I-cholesterol iyi-steroid, futhi ibalulekile ekuthuthukiseni ubuchopho nokuthuthukiswa kwezinzwa. I-cholesterol nayo iyadingeka ukwenza ama-hormone alawula imisebenzi yomzimba. Ucwaningo lubonisa ukuthi izingane ezivezwe yi-cholesterol ebisi lwebele zibonakala zinempilo engcono yenhliziyo njengoba zikhula. Kubonakala sengathi abantu abadala ababelethwe njengezingane banamazinga aphansi we-cholestolol (LDL) kanye nengozi ephansi yesifo senhliziyo.
I-Docosahexaenoic Acid (DHA)
I-DHA i-fatty edingekayo ebalulekile eyenza ukuthuthukiswa kwesistimu yenzwa yomphakathi nobuchopho. Kubuye kubalulekile ekubonweni nasekuthuthukiseni amehlo, ikakhulukazi ezinsana ezingakabiphi.
I-Arachidonic Acid (ARA)
Ukubaluleka kwe-fatty acid acid ebalulekile ebisi lwebele akuqondiswanga ngokuphelele. Kungaba nendima ekukhuleni kwezingane, noma kungadingeka ukulinganisa i-DHA.
Lipids Complex
I-lipids eyinkimbinkimbi ikholelwa ukuthi ibalulekile ebuchosheni, esiswini, emathunjini nasesikhumba. Zitholakala ebuchosheni bomntwana, zisiza ukulwa nokutheleleka, futhi zikholelwa ukuthi zisiza ukunciphisa ukuvuvukala emathunjini ukuvikela umntwana ngokumelene nesimo esibi semathunjini okuthiwa i-necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC).
Inani lamafutha e-Breast Milk
Inani lamanoni ebisi lwebele alihlali njalo.
Lishintsha usuku lonke futhi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi njengoba ingane yakho ikhula. Lishintsha ngesikhathi sokudla ngamunye. Uma uqala ukubeletha, ubisi lwakho lwebele lubuncane futhi luphansi emafutheni . Kodwa, njengoba ingane yakho ihlengikaza, ubisi lwakho lwebele luba lukhudlwana futhi lukhuphukile kumafutha . Uma isikhathi eside ingane yakho ibeletha esifubeni esifanayo futhi lapho esondela kakhulu ekukhipheni leso sifuba, amafutha amaningi ayowathola.
Ubisi lwebele olwenzelwe izingane ezisencane lungaphezulu kakhulu kwamafutha. Unamafutha angaba ngu-30% kunobisi lwebele olwenzelwe izingane ezigcwele.
Ukudla komama, i-fat in Breast Milk
Uma nje ungahambisani nokudla okungavamile, ubisi lwakho lwebele luzoqukatha zonke izakhi ezibalulekile kanye ne-lipids okudingwa ngumntanakho.
Kodwa-ke, ukudla kudlala indima emalini nasezinhlobonhlobo ze lipids ezitholakala ebisi lwebele.
Ezinye lipids ezinjenge-fatty acid acids azifani ngempela phakathi kwabesifazane kungakhathaliseki ukudla kwazo. Nokho, amazinga wezinye lipids, ikakhulukazi i-DHA, ayahluka. Amazinga e-DHA ahluke kakhulu phakathi kwabantu abahlukene besifazane kuye ngokuthi badla kanjani nokuthi bahlalaphi. Nazi izibonelo ezimbalwa zokuthi ukudla kungathonya kanjani i-lipids, ikakhulukazi i-DHA ebisi lwebele:
- Izithako ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa: Uma abesifazane abakhulelwe bethatha ama-omega-3 , banezinga eliphezulu le-DHA, IgA, nezinye izakhiwo zomzimba ebusweni lwabo lwebele lokuqala.
- Izidlo ze-Vegetarian and Vegan : Njengoba izitshalo zemvelo zingatholi amafutha okudla ezivela emikhiqizweni yezilwane, izinga le-DHA ebisi lwebele liphansi. Kodwa, bavame ukuba namazinga aphakeme kakhulu e-linoleic acid, i-fatty based based fatty acid. Izithako ze-DHA zingase zidingeke kulabo abalandela ukudla okunomsoco we-vegetarian noma we-vegan .
- Ukudla okuphezulu kuma-carbohydrate: Uma abesifazane besondla kakhulu ema-carbohydrate benamafutha amancane noma angenalo, ubisi lwabo lwebele lubunamazinga aphezulu a-fat chain-acid acids njenge-lauric acid ne-linoleic acid.
- Izidlo Zokudliwa Kwezinhlanzi Zokudoba: Abesifazane abahlala ezindaweni lapho ukudla kwezilwandle kunomthelela khona kanye nengxenye enkulu yokudla kwabo , banamazinga aphezulu e-DHA ebusini lwabo lwebele.
Lipids in Formula vs. Breast Milk
Ifomula lomntwana iqukethe lipids namafutha adingekayo ekukhuleni kahle nentuthuko. Kodwa-ke, kukhona umehluko omkhulu ezinhlobonhlobo kanye namanani we-lipids athola ubisi lwebele uma kuqhathaniswa nalawo atholakala kumntwana wefomula. Ukungezwani okuyinhloko kungamazinga we-cholesterol, ama-fatty acids ebalulekile, amafutha agcwele, kanye ne-lipids eyinkimbinkimbi.
Omunye umehluko phakathi kwe-formula kanye nobisi lwebele yi-concentric of lipids ekudleni. Inani le lipids emfomulini lihlala lihlala njalo ngesikhathi sokudla nokudla kokudla. Kodwa-ke, ukuhlunga kwe-lipids ebisi lwebele kushintshwa kusukela ekuqaleni kokudla kuze kube sekupheleni kokudla, kusukela ekudleni kwesinye kuya kwesinye, kusukela ngosuku olulodwa kuya kwesinye.
Izinkampani ze-Formula ziyaqhubeka zibuka uphenyo, zithuthukise ifomula yazo, futhi zizama ukwenza kube sisondelene nobisi lwebele ngangokunokwenzeka. Kodwa, kuwumsebenzi onzima ngoba asazi nokuthi zonke izintambo zenzani noma ukuthi izingane zithatha kanjani futhi zisebenzisa i-lipids eminye imithombo.
Imithombo
Delplanque, B., Gibson, R., Koletzko, B., Lapillonne, A., & Strandvik, B. Lipid Ikhwalithi Yokudla Kwezingane: Ulwazi Olukhona Namathuba Ekusasa. I-Journal ye-Gastroenterology ye-Pediatric ne-Nutrition. 2015.
Lawrence, uRuth A., MD, Lawrence, uRobert M., MD. Ukuncelisa ukubeletha Umhlahlandlela Wezokwelapha Umsebenzi we-Seventh Edition. Mosby. 2011.
Riordan, J., noWambach, K. Ukuncelisa nokuBambisana kweBantu okuBambisana. UJones noBartlett Ukufunda. 2014.