Sibutsetelo
I-reflux ye-gastroesophageal ingenye yezinkinga ezivame kakhulu, ezingaqondakali, nezinkinga ezinzima zokwelapha ezinganeni ezingenesikhathi. Amantombazane amaningi angakabiphi ngaphambi kwesikhathi azokhipha i-reflux ngenkathi eshiya i- NICU , kodwa ezinye izingane zizodinga ukwelashwa isikhathi eside.
Umehluko Phakathi kwe-GERD ne-Reflux
Ku- reflux ye-gastroesophageal , noma i- reflux emfushane, okuqukethwe kwesisu kuphuma ngaphakathi esiswini futhi kuya endaweni.
Lapho umntwana ehlaziya, ubisi lungase luhlale emgodleni noma umntwana angase aphalaze. Amacala amaningi awabangeli izinkinga, futhi izingane zivame ukuzitholela ngokuzalwa kwazo kokuqala.
Uma i-reflux inzima futhi ibangela izinkinga, ibizwa ngokuthi isifo se-reflux se-gastroesophageal , noma i- GERD . Iningi lezingane ezingaphambi kwesikhathi zihlushwa yiGERD ezibangela izinkinga kulo lonke unyaka wokuqala wokuphila, futhi ngezinye izikhathi ezingaphezulu.
Enye igama abazali abangase bakuzwe "i-acid reflux." Lokhu kwenzeka lapho ukudla noma ubisi okubuyela emuva ku-esophagus kuyasebenza. I-reflux ye-acid ibangela ukugubha izingane kanye nabantu abadala, kepha abantwana ngokuvamile abanalo i-reflux ye-asidi ngoba uketshezi lwe-milk often luvimbela i-acids esiswini.
Izimpawu
I- reflux encane yezingane ingabangela izinkinga eziningana, ikakhulukazi ezinganeni ezazalwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi futhi zibe nezinye izinkinga zempilo zokungabi nesikhathi sokuqala. Izimpawu ze-GERD ezinganeni zifaka:
- Ukuthukuthela: Amantombazane ane-reflux angase abonakale sengathi ahlushwa noma athukuthele, ikakhulukazi emva kokudla. Bangase babonakale bebuhlungu njengoba okuqukethwe kwesisu kungenalutho ngaphakathi kwegazi futhi kungagonywa noma kugwecwe.
- Ukondla ukungaboni ngaso sonke isikhathi: Ukondla ukungondleki kuyimpawu evamile yeGERD. Amanye abantwana angase adingeke asebenzise ifomula ekhethekile esele igajwe kakade, ukusiza imizimba yabo igaye ngokushesha futhi igweme ubisi obusalayo ekubuyeni kwesisu.
- Ukunciphisa umzimba okungalungile : Izinsana ezingaphambi kwesikhathi eziseNICU zondliwa inani elithile lobisi elibalwe ukuqinisekisa ukuzuza okuhle kwesisindo. Nokho, ekhaya, izingane ezinesifo esinzima kakhulu zingenqaba ukondliwa noma zithathwe kancane uma zibuhlungu.
- Izinkinga zamapayipi ezingapheli : I- GERD ingenza isifo samaphaphu esingapheli sibi nakakhulu, noma singabangela izinkinga ezingapheli zamaphaphu. Uma ukudla kuvuselela njalo kuleso sikhumba, ngezinye izikhathi kungenzeka ukuthi ezinye zokudla zifakwe emaphashini. Lokhu kuyamcasula izicubu ezinomsoco futhi kungabangela ukuvuvukala noma ukukhwehlela.
- Imicimbi ye-cardiorespiratory: Emantwaneni ambalwa, i-reflux enzima ingabangela i-apnea noma i-bradycardia. Abasebenzi abaningi be-NICU baqaphela inani le-apneic noma i-bradycardic ehlongozwa yi-reflux, futhi izifundo eziningi zibonise ukuthi iningi lezingane ezinesifo se-reflux asinayo i-apnea noma i-bradycardia ngaphezulu kunezingane ezingenayo.
Ukuxilongwa
Esikhathini esiningi, i-GERD kanye ne-reflux ezinganeni ziyaxilongwa ngokuhlolwa kanye nokubona kwabazali nabahlengikazi bezimpawu kuphela. Ukuhlolwa okuvamile ngokuvamile akudingeki.
Ukwelapha
Ukwelapha i-GERD ezinganeni kungadabukisa kakhulu abazali nabadokotela ngokufanayo. Nakuba kunezinketho eziningi zokwelashwa ezihlukene, akekho ophelele noma ozosebenza kuwo wonke umntwana.
- Ukubekezela: Amantombazane amaningi ngaphambi kwesikhathi angaphuma i-reflux ngenkathi eshiya i-NICU. Njengoba abantwana bekhula, isisu sabo selulekile futhi sikwazi ukugcina ukudla okuningi, futhi umzimba uyakwazi ukugaya ukudla ngokushesha nangokusebenza kahle. Nakuba kungase kube nzima emindenini ukuthatha indlela "yokulinda nokubona," ngokuvamile lokhu kuyindlela engcono kakhulu yesenzo.
- Isisu noma ukuma kwesokudla : Ucwaningo luye lwabonisa ukuthi ukubeka izingane ezincelweni zabo noma ezinhlangothini zabo zangakwesokunxele emva kokunakekelwa kunganciphisa inani lemicimbi ye-reflux. Ngeshwa, lolu hlobo lokuma alusebenzi njengoba abantwana besondela ekuya ekhaya, njengoba ukulala kwesisu kukhulisa ingozi ye-SIDS.
- Ukuphakama okuphakanyisiwe: Ukugcina usana oluqotho ngemva kokudla kungasiza ukunciphisa izimpawu. Nakuba ezinye izingane zinemicimbi engaphezulu ye-reflux uma zime ziqondile, zingase zibe nezimpawu ezimbalwa ezivela kulezi zenzakalo uma zigcinwe ngokuqondile ngemva kokudla noma zibekwe endaweni ehleliwe. Izingane ezisencane kufanele zihlale zibukwa endaweni ehleliwe ukuze zigweme ukuhamba komoya.
- Ukudla okunamandla : Izisebenzi zokuqeda ezengeziwe kwibele noma ngesinye isikhathi zingasiza ubisi ukuba luhlale esiswini. Nakuba irayisi yokudla noma i-rackers eyongezwe ebisi inganciphisa ukuhlanza, ayizinciphisi inani eliphelele lemicimbi ye-reflux.
- Imithi: Imishanguzo yokwelapha i-reflux ingenye yemithi ejwayelekile kakhulu e-NICU, kodwa iningi lezifundo libonisa ukuthi le mithi ayisebenzi futhi inezimo ezilimazayo. I-Metoclopramide (Reglan) ingabangela izinkinga ezinkulu zokunyakaza, futhi i-ranitidine (i-Zantac) ihlotshaniswa ne-neocrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) ezinkulweni ezinama-immature systemes digestive. Nakuba kokubili imithi ejwayelekile kuma-NICU, ayikho nempumelelo kakhulu ngokumelene ne-reflux, ikakhulukazi ezitheni ezincane kakhulu. Funda kabanzi mayelana nokuphatha i-Reflux ezinsaneni.
Ukubhekana
Ngesikhathi ingane yakho iseseNICU, zama ukubekezela futhi umvumele ukuba akhule. Ukubekezela kanye nesikhathi ukuphilisa okungcono kunazo zonke ezinganeni ezingaphambi kwesikhathi.
Uma ingane yakho isondela ekukhuleni futhi isenayo i-reflux eningi, khuluma nodokotela wengane yakho ukuthi ngabe udinga ukwelashwa. Uma ingane yakho ijabule futhi ikhula kahle, ama-remedies akho asekhaya angase abe yiwo wonke okudingekayo.
Uma ingane yakho ibonakala ibuhlungu, ingahlali kahle, noma ila ukudla, bese ukhuluma nodokotela wengane yakho mayelana nokwakha uhlelo lokulashwa. Kungathatha isikhathi ukushaya ngokuhlanganiswa okulungile kwezikhundla, imithi, kanye nesimiso sokusiza ingane yakho, ngakho ukuphikelela kuyisihluthulelo.
Uma ingane yakho ingenye yezinsana ezingavamile eziphethwe yi-apnea ezihlobene ne-reflux, kungase kudingeke uthathe i-monitor i-monitor ye-apnea ukuze ugcine ingane yakho iphephile. Ama-apnea abaqaphi asetshenziselwa lapho ingane ilele futhi izolahla uma ingane iyeka ukuphefumula noma i-bradycardia.
Imithombo:
Clark, R kanye noSpitzer, A. "Ukubekezela Kuyinto Enhle Ekulawuleni I-Reflux Ye-Gastroesophageal." I-Pediatrics Okthoba 2009: 155, 464-465.
U-Di Fiore, J., Arko, M., Herynk, B., Martin, R., noHibbs, M. "Ukufaniswa kwemicimbi ye-Cardiorespiratory Kulandela i-Reflux ye-Gastroesophageal (GER) ku-Preterm Izinsana." Imibiko Ye-Perinatology Ngo-2010: 30, 683-687.
Hardy, W. "Ukunciphisa i-Reflux ye-Gastroesophageal ezinsana ezisencane." Intuthuko Ekunakekelweni Kwezingane ZaseNtshonalanga NgoJuni 2010: 10, 157.
UHorvath, u-A., iDlechclarz, uP., no-Szajewska, H. "Umphumela Wendlela Yokunciphisa Amandla Okunakekelwa Kwama-Reflux Ezinsana Ezisezintweni Zama-Gastroesphageal: Ukubuyekezwa Okuhlelekile Nokuhlaziywa Kwe-Meta-Ukuhlaziywa Kwezinguquko Ezilawulwayo." I-Pediatrics Dec. 2008: 122, e1268-e1278.
Malcolm, W., Gantz, M., Martin, R., Goldstein, R., Goldberg, R., noCotten, C. "Ukusetshenziswa KweMithi Ye-Reflux Ye-Gastroesophageal Ekuqothulweni Phakathi Kwezingane Eziphansi Zesisindo Sokuzalwa." I-Pediatrics Jan. 2008: 121, 22-29.