Izitha Zezimboni Zibhekana Nobungozi Okwengeziwe Ngenkinga Yezokwelapha Eziningana
Abazali bamantombazane angaphambi kwesikhathi banemibuzo eminingi, ikakhulukazi mayelana nezinkinga zokungabi nesikhathi sokuqala. Ukufunda ukuthi yiziphi izinkinga zempilo ingane yakho engakaboni kahle kungakusiza uqonde ukwelashwa futhi wazi ukuthi yimiphi imibuzo okufanele ubuze odokotela nabahlengikazi. Nansi izinkinga zempilo ezivame kakhulu ezinganeni ezingasenesikhathi.
I-apnea ye-Prematurity
Ngenxa yokuthi ubuchopho babo namaphaphu awakhiwe ngokugcwele, i-apnea, noma izikhathi lapho ukuphefumula khona khona, kwenzeka ezingamaphesenti angu-85 ezinsana ezalwa ngaphambi kwamasonto angu-34.
I-apnea ingase ifike ngezikhathi ze-bradycardia (noma "amabhondi"), lapho inhliziyo ihamba khona. Ukukhuthazwa kuvame ukusiza ingane iqale ukuphefumula futhi abaqapheli baqiniseke ukuthi ama-episodes abanjwa ngokushesha. Imithi kanye nokusekelwa kokuphefumula kungasiza.
I-Jaundice
I-jaundice iphuzi eliphuzi elibangelwa yi-bilirubin, umkhiqizo wamaseli abomvu obomvu. Lithinta cishe ingxenye yesigamu sezingane kanye namaphesenti angama-80 ezithasiselo futhi iphathwa ngezibani ezikhethekile. Izingane ezisanda kusengcupheni zisengozini yokukhuphuka ngokushesha kwi-bilirubin futhi ziphathwa kaningi kunezingane ezisemuva ukuvimbela i-kernicterus, isifo lapho amazinga aphezulu e-bilirubin elimaza ubuchopho.
Ukucindezeleka Ukuphefumula Syndrome
Ukucindezeleka kokuphefumula kuthinta cishe amaphesenti angama-43 amantombazane angaphambi kwesikhathi azalwa phakathi kwamasonto angama-30 kuya kwangu-32, cishe zonke izingane ezizalwa ngaphambi kwalesi sikhathi. Izingane zesikhathi esigcwele zenza i-surfactant, ikhemikhali elisiza ukugcina amaphaphu athole. Ngaphandle kwe- surfactant eyaneleyo, amaphaphu anganele ngaphambi kwesikhathi angaphili kahle.
Izithasiselo zingadinga isidlali esisebenzayo noma zingadinga usizo lokuphefumula ngenkathi amaphaphu abo ekhula.
Reflux
Isifo se-reflux se-gastroesophageal , noma i-GERD, sithinta kuze kube yingxenye yabantwana abangaphambi kwesikhathi. E-reflux ye-gastroesophageal, okuqukethwe kwesisu kubuyele phezulu, futhi ingane izophalaza. Izinsana ezineGERD ziphithizela futhi, nazo zinezinye izimpawu.
Bangase bahlanza, balahlekelwe isisindo, noma babe nezinkinga zokuphefumula ezifana nokukhwehlela noma i-pneumonia. Imithi inganikezwa ukuphatha lesi simo, yiziphi izitha eziphuma isikhathi.
I-Hemorrhage yangaphakathi (IVH)
Izinsana zangaphambi kwesikhathi, ikakhulukazi lezo ezazalwa ngaphambi kwamasonto angu-30, zinezitsha zegazi ezibuthakathaka ebuchosheni babo. Uma lezo zitsha ziphuka, kungenzeka ukuthi isifo segazi esisodwa (IVH) singasetshenziswa. Lokhu kuphuma emkhunjini, okwenzeka ngamaphesenti angama-14 ezinsana ezizalwa phakathi kwamasonto angama-30 kuya kwangu-32 kanye namaphesenti angama-36 ezelwe ezingakapheli amasonto angama-26, zingaba mnene noma zikhulu. Ukuphuza okukhulu kungaba nemiphumela emibi, njengokulibaziseka kwentuthuko . Ukuphuza okuncane kungenayo imiphumela yesikhathi eside.
I-Retinopathy ye-Prematurity (ROP)
Izidalwa zizalwa ngamehlo angapheli. E-retinopathy ye-prematurity (i-ROP), imithwalo yegazi esweni ikhula ngendlela engavamile futhi ingabangela inqola yokubuyisela nokuphuphuthekisa. Lesi sifo sithinta cishe isigamu sezinsana ezazalwa ngaphambi kwamasonto angu-26, kodwa kuphela amaphesenti angu-1 ezithasana ezalwa ngemuva kwamasonto angu-30 . Ukuhlolwa kwamehlo esikhwameni seminyaka engu-1 kuya kweyesi-2 ku-ROP, evame ukuphathwa ngokuhlinza laser noma i-cryosurgery.
I-Patent Ductus Arteriosus (i-PDA)
Ngaphambi kokubeletha, izinsana zixhomeke kwi-placenta ye-oksijini futhi zibe nesistimu ehlukile yokujikeleza kusukela lapho ngemva kokuzalwa.
Omunye umehluko yi-ductus arteriosus, ukuvula phakathi kwemikhumbi emikhulu. Ama-ductus ngokuvamile avaliwe ekuzalweni ukuze igazi likwazi ukugeleza ngokujwayelekile. Ezenzweni, zingase zihlale zivulekile, zibangela i-patent ductus arteriosus, noma i-PDA. I-PDA, eyenzeka ngamaphesenti angu-8 ezinsana ezizalwa phakathi kwamasonto angama-30 kuya kwangu-32 futhi kaningi ezitheni ezincane, zenza ukujikeleza okungavamile. Imithi noma ukuhlinzwa kungadingeka ukuvala ama-ductus.
Dysplasia Bronchopulmonary (BPD)
I-bronchopulmonary dysplasia (i-BPD) yisimo esingapheli sephaphu esibangelwa ukuvuvukala kwe-airway. Lithinta izinsana ezaziphengeni isikhathi eside futhi zingabangela ukuphefumula nobunzima bezinga le-oxygen.
I-BPD ithinta cishe amaphesenti angama-62 amantombazane azalwa ngaphambi kwamasonto angu-26, kepha amaphesenti amathathu kuphela alabo abazalwa phakathi kwamasonto angu-30 no-32. Izinsana ezineBPD zingadinga oksijini okwedlulele kuze kuphele isimo.
I-Necrotizing Enterocolitis (NEC)
I-entocolitis ene-neecrotizing (NEC) ithinta amathumbu amaningi angama-13 amaphesenti abantwana abazalwa ngaphambi kwamasonto angu-26 , kanti amaphesenti amathathu wezingane azalwa phakathi kwamasonto angu-30 kuya kwangu-32. Kule nkinga, uketshezi lwamathumbu kuthatha isifo futhi lufa. Izimpawu zibandakanya isisu esibuhlungu, ukungahambi kahle, nokubekezelelana. Uma ibanjwa ekuseni, i-NEC iphathwa ngamagciwane. Ukunceliswa kumisiwe, futhi izinsana zithola ukudla okunomsoco nge-IV. Amacala amakhulu angadinga ukuhlinzwa.
Sepsis
Ebangelwa amabhaktheriya egazini, i-sepsis yinkinga enkulu emazwini. I-Sepsis ingase ivele ngaphambi kokungcola amabhaktheriya esibelethweni noma emgodini wokuzalwa, noma kamuva emithonjeni engcolile noma emigqeni ye-IV. Izimpawu zihlanganisa izinkinga zokuphefumula, ukuhamba ngokweqile, nesisu sokuvuvukala. Ama-antibiotics asetshenziselwa ukwelapha isisu, esithinteka kalula uma sithathwa kusenesikhathi.
Izinselelo Zezempilo Eminyakeni Ehlukile Yokuthoma
Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi izitha zangaphambili ezizalwa ngezikhathi ezahlukene zokuhlukumeza zihluke kakhulu, futhi zizobhekana nezinselele ezahlukene futhi zibe nezifundo ezahlukene ze- NICU . Uma ucabanga ukuthi yiziphi izinkinga zempilo ingane yakho engozini, cabanga ukuthi ingakabiphi isikhathi ngaphambi kokuba azalwe nokuthi yini eyabangela ukuguqulwa komzimba.
- Imibuzo mayelana nama-pre pre micro : umntwana ozalwa olinganisa amakhilogremu angu-12, ama-ounces angu-12 (800 amagremu) noma ngaphambi kwamasonto angu-26 ukubeletha
- Imibuzo mayelana nezinsana ezingakafiki ngaphambi kwesikhathi : umntwana ozalwa phakathi kwamasonto angu-27 no-30 ukubeletha
- Imibuzo ephathelene nezingane ezisencane zangaphambi kokuzalwa: umntwana ozalwa phakathi kwamasonto angu-31 no-34 ukubeletha
- I-FAQ mayelana nezingane ezisenesikhathi sokubeletha : umntwana ozalwa phakathi kwamaviki angu-34 no-37 ukubeletha
Ngenkathi ingane engakafiki kusengaphambili izobhekana nengozi enkulu yezindaba zezempilo, ukwazi ukuthi izinkinga zingakusiza ukuba uzilungiselele, ngakho-ke ingane yakho iyoba nethuba elihle emiphumeleni emihle. Xoxa ukuthi kungenzeka yini lezi zinkinga nodokotela wakho nabahlengikazi ukuze ufunde kabanzi mayelana nokuthi lokhu kungathinta kanjani ingane yakho.
> Imithombo
- > Izici ze-CDC: Ukuzalwa kwangaphambi kwesikhathi. CDC.gov.
- > Izinkinga Zempilo Zengane Zengaphambi Kokuqala. Healthychildren.org.
- > Holditch-Davis D. "Imiphumela ye-prematurity kanye nokunakekelwa kokunakekela ukunakekelwa okukhulu kwe-neonatal." I- Journal ye-Obstetric, Gynecologic, ne-Neonatal Nursing July-Aug 2007 36: 364-5.