Amacala Okusinda Kwezingane Ezinsana Zaphambi Kokuqala
Kumuntu ongakaze abone ingane engakafiki ngaphambi kwesikhathi , kunzima ukuchaza ukuthi amancane kangakanani lezi zimangaliso ezincane. Ingane evamile ezalwa ngamasonto angu-22 kuya kwangu-24 ukubeletha, indala kakhulu yokuphila kwezitha zangaphambili , isisindo esingaphezu kwesigidi lapho uzalwa. Izingane ezincane kunazo zonke ezisinda ngaphambi kwesikhathi zizalwa zilinganisa ngesigamu-cishe ama-ounces angu-8 1/2.
Cishe izingane eziyizigidi ezingu-15 zizalwa kuqala, ngokusho kombiko wezi-2012 eLancet. Kodwa i-gap yokuphila ikhula ngokubanzi phakathi kwamazwe aphakeme aphezulu nalawo angenayo imali. E-United States, ukuthuthuka okuphawulekayo ekunakekelweni okukhulu kwezingane ezibelethwe yi-neonatal kuye kwavumela ukuba kusinde izinsana ezincane nezincane. Lokhu kuthiwa, imindeni enezingane ezingasinda zihamba uhambo olunzima.
Isikhathi sokuphila sivame ukubhekwa njengamaviki angu-24 wokubeletha, futhi yilokho okusetshenziselwa ukuzama ukugcina impilo yengane yangaphambi kwesikhathi. Kuleyo minyaka yobuhlungu, lezi zingane zinamathuba angu-39 okusinda. Ukuze lezi zinsana ziphile, zidinga ukuthola izinsiza eziningi zezokwelapha. Babhekene nezinkinga eziphezulu zokuba nezinga elithile lokukhubazeka kokufunda noma ukukhubazeka okuthuthukiswayo. Ukukhubazeka kwesiberethri, ukukhubazeka okubukwayo, nokukhubazeka kokuzwa kuyingozi enkulu.
Izitha Zincane Zomhlaba
Lezi zingane zaziyingcosana kakhulu ukuze zisinde.
Imininingwane yokuzalwa kwabo nokuphila kwabo inikeza izifundo ezingozini kanye nokunakekelwa okudingekayo kulaba bantwana.
Rumasia Rahman
Wazalwa ngoSeptemba 4, 2004, uRumasia Rahman nodadewabo wamawele angamawele uHiba bazalwa emasontweni angu-25.6 ukubeletha, cishe amasonto angaphezu kwengu-15 ngaphambi kokuzalwa kwabo. Lapho ezalwa, iRumasia yayilinganisa amagremu angu-260, noma ama-ounces angu-8.6-ngobukhulu beselula encane.
Wayengu-9,8 amasentimitha ubude. Udadewabo kaRumasia u-Hiba wayedlula ubukhulu bakhe kabili, kumakhilogremu angu-4 no-12 amasentimitha ubude.
I-Rumasia namawele akhe athululwa ekuseni ngoba umama wabo uhlushwa yi- preeclampsia eyingozi , engabangela abantwana ukuba babe bancane kunezilinganiso zeminyaka yabo yobudala . Nakuba ayemncane kakhulu lapho ezalwa, uRumasia wakhula waba ingane evamile esikoleni. Wayehlinzwa ukuhlolwa kwe-laser for retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) futhi egqoke izibuko, encane kunezinye izingane zakhe ubudala, futhi unomthamo wokubambezeleka kwezimoto, kodwa awubonakali eminye imiphumela yesikhathi eside kusukela ekuzalweni kwakhe ngaphambi kwesikhathi.
I-Melinda Star Guido
Ngesikhathi sokuzalwa kwakhe ngo-Agasti 2011, uMelinda Star Guido waba ngumntwana omncane kunazo zonke e-US kanye nengane encane yesithathu kunazo zonke emhlabeni ukuze asinde isikhathi eside ukuze ashiye esibhedlela. UMelinda wazalwa emasontweni angama-24 ngoba umama wakhe wayenengozi ephakeme yegazi. Walinganisa ama-ounces angu-9 1/2 kuphela lapho ezalwa.
Wasebenzisa i-oxygen eyengeziwe ekhaya ukuze aphathe i-bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), futhi kwakudingeka ahlinzekwe ukulungisa i-patent ductus arteriosis (PDA) nokuhlinzwa kwe-laser kwe-ROP. Ubuchopho bakhe abukhulu kunoma yikuphi ukuphuma kwegazi kusuka ngaphakathi kwegazi (IVH), isibonakaliso esihle kakhulu ngekusasa lakhe. Waya ekhaya ngemuva kwamasonto angu-16 esibhedlela, enesisindo esingamakhilogremu angu-4,5.
"I-Tom Thumb"
Mhlawumbe ingane encane kunazo zonke emhlabeni esaphila umntwana ngumntwana waseJalimane okuthiwa "Tom Thumb" ngoba abazali bakhe bakhetha ukugcina imfihlo yakhe. "UTom" wanikezwa ngoJuni 2009 emavikini angu-25. Walinganisa amagremu angu-275, ama-ounces angaphezulu kuka-9 1/2. Ugqoke izibuko futhi adinga ukwelashwa ngokomzimba ngonyaka wakhe wokuqala wokuphila, kodwa uma kungenjalo bekubikwa ukuthi uyindodana evamile, enempilo.
Madeline Mann
Wazalwa ngo-1989, uMadeline Mann wayengumdlali wesithupha omncane kakhulu emhlabeni ohlala e-preemie, ozalwa ngamasonto angu-26.6. Nakuba ayelinganiselwa ku-280 amagremu lapho ezalwa (9.9 ounces), uMadeline ungowesifazane osemusha ophilile oya ekolishi.
Nakuba i-Madeline ingamamitha amayintshi angu-7 kuphela ubude, igqoke izibuko, futhi isifo se-asthma, ayikho enye imiphumela yesikhathi eside sokuzalwa kwakhe ngaphambi kwesikhathi .
Kenna Moore
U-Kenna wazalwa ngoJanuwari 9, 2012, ngo-9.6 ama-ounces-amancane kunesifo se-soda. Wazalwa emasontweni angu-24 eCharlotte, eNorth Carolina emva kokungena komama wakhe. Wafika esitokisini sakhe sokudla ne-oksijeni eneminyaka engu-3 futhi uyintombazane enempilo, ekhulayo egqoke izibuko.
Izitha ZaseNcane Kakhulu Zomhlaba
Izinsana ezibalwe ngenhla ziye zaba nemiphumela ephawulekayo, futhi azibonisi ukulibazisa okuthuthukile okukhulu . Kubalulekile ukuphawula ukuthi lezi zingane, nakuba zonke ezincane kakhulu, zazizalwa ngamasonto angu-24 ukubeletha noma kamuva. Ngesikhathi esifushane, usuku lonke oluchitha ngaphakathi kumama luwusizo kakhulu futhi lusiza lezi zingane ukuba zivuthwe ngaphandle kwesayizi yazo encane.
Imiphumela ye- micropreemies ayiyona into enhle ngaso sonke isikhathi. Isayensi yezokwelapha iyathuthukisa sonke isikhathi, kepha izingane ezizalwa emavikini angu-24 noma ngaphezulu zingengozini yemiphumela eminingana yesikhathi eside sokuqeda isimo. Kukhona njalo izimangaliso, kodwa, njengoba kubonakaliswe izitha zezwe ezincane kunazo zonke ezisinda. Izitha zezinyanga ezingama-21 ezincane zokubeletha zisinde, kufaka phakathi la macala amabili:
UJames Elgin Gill
Umlando wezingane ezingakafiki kakhulu emhlabeni unabelwa uJames Elgin Gill, indoda yaseCanada ezalwa ngamasonto angama-21 kuphela ezinsukwini ezingu-5 ngo-1988. UJames wazalwa ngokushesha kangangokuthi wayekulindeleke ukuthi afe ngesikhathi sokuzalwa noma, uma esinda, abe nokuningi kanye nokukhubazeka okukhulu. UJames washaya zonke izinkinga, ekhula ukuba abe yintsha enempilo eyaziwa ukuthi uya esikoleni ngesikhathi esijwayelekile.
Amilia Taylor
Umntwana waseMelika u-Amilia Taylor wazalwa ngamasonto angu-21 ngo-Okthoba ka-2006. Ngenxa yokuthi u-Amilia wakhulelwa nge-in vitro fertilization, iminyaka yakhe yokugoma ingacaciswa kahle, akunakwenzeka ezinganeni eziningi. Nakuba ayedinga i-oksijeni ekukhuculweni kwesibhedlela, wayene-anemic, futhi ene-osteopenia emnene, ingenye intombazane evamile, enempilo.
Izwi elivela ku-Verywell
Izindaba zalezi zithasiselo zingakunika ithemba noma induduzo uma unesana langaphambi kwesikhathi noma ulahlekelwe ingane. Icala ngalinye lizohluka, futhi ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha kuyaqhubeka ngonyaka.
> Imithombo:
> Bell E. Abantwana Abancane kakhulu. Isibhedlela sezingane sase-University of Iowa. https://webapps1.healthcare.uiowa.edu/tiniestbabies/index.aspx.
> Blencowe H, et al. Izilinganiso zikazwelonke, zesifunda, nezomhlaba wonke zokulinganiselwa kokuzalwa kwangonyaka ngonyaka ka-2010 ngezikhathi zonyaka kusukela ngo-1990 emazweni akhethiwe: ukuhlaziywa okuhlelekile kanye nemiphumela. I-Lancet . 2012 Jun, 379, 9832, 2162-72.
> U-JEwn, uDavidge R, uPaul VK, et al. Ukuzalwa Ngokushesha Ngokushesha: Nakekela ingane yokuqala. Impilo Yokuzala . 2013; 10 (Suppl 1): S5. i-doi: 10.1186 / 1742-4755-10-S1-S5.
> Muraskas JK, Rau BJ, Castillo PR, Gianopoulos J, Boyd LAC. Ukulandelwa kwesikhathi eside kwezingane ezimbili ezisanda kuzalwa ngesisindo sokuzalwa esingu-540 amagremu. Izingane zokwelapha . 2011; 129 (1). i-doi: 10.1542 / ama-peds.2010-0039.