Imishanguzo ehlinzeka ngokuvikelwa kokulwa ne-tetanus, i-diphtheria, ne-pertussis (okukhwehlela ukukhwehlela) akuyona into entsha.
I-DTP, ngemva kwakho konke, yayilokhu ikhona kusukela ngo-1948 kanye ne-DTaP kusukela ngo-1997. Futhi ngaphambi kwale migomo yokuhlanganiswa , sinezigciwane ezibhekene nalezi zifo ezivimbela ukugoma .
Yini entsha mayelana ne-Tdap yukuthi le migomo ihlinzeka ukuvikelwa kwabantwana abadala kanye nabantu abadala.
I-Tdap Vaccines
I-Boostrix yayiyimigomo yokuqala ye-Tdap evunywe yi-FDA.
Umgomo ofanayo we-Tdap, u-Adacel, uvunyelwe ngemva nje kwalokho.
I-Boostrix ne-Adacel ihlanganisa i-tetanus toxoid (T), i-diphtheria toxoid (d) ne-acellular pertussis (ap) yokugonywa kwelinye shot.
Ngokubili, le migomo inikezwa intsha enesivikelo esithile futhi i-pertussis, ngaphezu kokuyivikela ngokumelene ne-tetanus ne-diphtheria. Ukwamukelwa kwabo yi-FDA kwakuyizindaba ezamukelekayo kubazali nakudokotela wezingane ababekhathazekile ngokunyuka kwama- pertussis kuqubuke eminyakeni yamuva.
Ngokusho kwe-FDA, '"I-Pertussis iyisifo esithathelanayo kakhulu sokuphefumula okungaba sína kakhulu ezinganeni ezingaphansi komnyaka owodwa ubudala, futhi kungase kube nokubulala. I-Pertussis ingabangela ukukhwehlela nokukhwehlela okwenza kube nzima ukuphefumula. izifo ngokuvamile zibi kakhulu ezinganeni, kodwa kucatshangwa ukuthi zingadlulisela lesi sifo ezinganeni ezikhukhumezekile namanye amalungu omndeni.
Eminyakeni engu-20 edlule, izinga lokutheleleka kwe-pertussis liye landa ezinsaneni ezincane kakhulu ezingakazitholi zonke izigciwane zabo kanye nasebancane nakubantu abadala. "
Ubani Okudingayo Umuthi Wokugoma I-Tdap
Intsha izojabula ukuzwa ukuthi ukuvunywa komgomo omusha akusho ukuthi badinga ukuthola omunye ukudubula.
Esikhundleni salokho, ithatha indawo ye-Td (tetanus booster) ayeseyitholile kakade lapho eneminyaka engu-11 noma engu-12 ubudala.
Umgomo wokuTdap:
- anganikwa izingane ezineminyaka engama-7 kuya kweyishumi uma zingagonywe ngokugcwele ngeminye imithi yokukhwehlela yokukhwehlela, njenge-DTaP
- Kunconywa futhi kubantu abadala phakathi kweminyaka engama-19 no-64 njengendlela eyodwa yesikhathi esisodwa, esikhundleni somunye weminyaka yabo engu-10 ye-Td boosters.
- kungakusiza ukuba uzungeze ingane entsha ngokuvikelwa ngokumelene ne-pertussis, yingakho ukubeletha ekhaya kuyisikhathi esihle sokuba abantu abadala bathole ukudubula kwe-Tdap (isu lokuvikela i-cocooning)
- kufanele unikezwe abadala kuneminyaka engama-65 uma bezoxhumana kakhulu nosana noma usana olungaphansi kwezinyanga ezingu-12 (futhi luyingxenye yesu elihle lokucoba)
- singanikezwa abantu abadala kuneminyaka engama-65 ukufaka esinye sezikhulu zabo ezingu-10 ze-Td
Futhi okubaluleke kakhulu, ukugoma kwe-Tdap kufanele kunikwe abesifazane abakhulelwe ngesikhathi ngasinye sokukhulelwa.
Okufanele Ukwazi Ngezifo ZikaTdap
Ezinye izinto zokwazi mayelana nemigomo yeTdap zihlanganisa ukuthi:
- i- preservative mahhala (okusho ukuthi, njengemigomo eminingi emisha, ayinayo i-thimerosal)
- zenziwe ngobuningi be-antigens afanayo emgodini wokugoma we-Infanrix DTaP ukuthi izingane eziningi sezivele zithola
- isikhathi esihle kakhulu sokuthola i-Tdap uma ukhulelwe iphakathi kwamasonto angu-27 no-36 wokubeletha ukusiza "ukwandisa impendulo yokulwa nomzimba womama kanye nokudluliselwa kwe-anti-antibody"
- kufanele unikezwe ngokushesha ngemva kokubeletha uma kunganikiwe ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa
- cishe inikeza "ukuvikeleka okulinganiselwe ngokumelene ne-pertussis phakathi nonyaka wokuqala bese wehla ngokushesha ukuze ukuvikeleka okuncane kuqhubeke iminyaka engu-2-3 ngemva kokugoma."
Futhi nakuba imishanguzo ye-Tdap ingasebenzi kanye nokuthi singathanda, bayasebenza. Ucwaningo olulodwa lwaphetha ngokuthi "Iziguli ezinegciwane le-pertussis zanciphisa ukugula okubhekene nokugula okuncane kakhulu futhi kunciphisa kakhulu isikhathi sokugula."
Ufunde futhi ugcine izingane zakho zigonywe futhi zivikeleke ekukhwehleleni ukukhwehlela, ukuthunjwa kwe-tetanus, i-diphtheria, nezinye izifo ezivimbela ukugoma.
> Imithombo:
> I-Barlow RS. Izingane ezikhunjelwe kanye nezinsana ezinama-Pertussis Izifo ezithintekayo Ukubhekana nokugula okunciphise ubunzima nobude, Oregon, Disk Infect Dis, 2010-2012. 2014 Jun; 58 (11): 1523-9.
> CDC. Izincomo ezibuyekeziwe zokusetshenziswa kweTetanus Toxoid, ukunciphisa i-Diphtheria Toxoid, kanye ne-Acellular Pertussis Vaccine (Tdap) ku-Women's Pregnant - IKomidi Eluleka Ngezindlela Zokugoma (ACIP), 2012. MMWR 2013; 62 (07): 131-5.
> CDC. Ukwamukelwa kwe-FDA ye-Expanded Age Indication ye-Tetan Toxoid, i-Diphtheria Toxoid ne-Acellular Pertussis Vaccine. I-MMWR. September 23, 2011/60 (37); 1279-1280
> Klein, Nicola P. Waning Tdap Impumelelo Entsha. Izingane zokwelapha. Umqulu 137, inombolo 3, March 2016