Nakuba abantu abaningi abadala beqaphela ukuthi konke okukufunayo kuyi-intanethi akulona iqiniso, intsha iyingozi kakhulu. Basengozini yokukholelwa 'izindaba ezikhohlisayo' futhi banenkinga yokuhlukanisa izikhangisi nokuzijabulisa kusuka ezindabeni.
Ucwaningo lwe-Stanford University lithole ukuthi amaphesenti angu-82 abafunda esikoleni esiphakathi abakwazi ukuhlukanisa phakathi kokuqukethwe okuxhaswe-ngisho nalapho kubhalwe kanjalo-futhi indaba yezindaba zangempela.
Futhi uma kuziwa ekugwebeni ukwethembeka kwezindaba ezokuxhumana nabantu, isifundo sathola ukuthi intsha isekelwe ukucabanga kwabo ngobukhulu besithombe esithombeni. Abaningi babo baphetha isithombe esikhulu esisho ukuthi indaba iyethembekile.
Kusobala ukuthi iqiniso lokuthi intsha yanamuhla yilabo abasebenzisa idijithali akusho ukuthi bayakwazi ukuqonda ulwazi oluyisisekelo lokufunda nokubhala. Abaningi babo abaqondi ukuthi bacabangisisa kanjani ngokuqukethwe ababukayo.
Kungani Ukungabi Namakhono Emithombo Yabezindaba Kuyinkinga Yentsha
Ngokwesilinganiso, intsha ichitha amahora ayisishiyagalolunye ngosuku isebenzisa amadivaysi awo kagesi. Lokho kusho ukuthi intsha ihlaselwa izikhangiso, izindaba, kanye nemilayezo yezokuxhumana emphakathini isikhathi esiningi sokuvuka kwabo.
Uma izingane zingenalo ulwazi ngokwanele ukubona ukuthi abezindaba zibachaphazela kanjani, noma abaziqondi imilayezo abayitholayo, cishe bazobe besengozini ezinkingeni ezihlukahlukene. Nazi ezinye izingozi ezibangelwa ukungabi nalwazi lokufunda nokubhala:
- Ukunganeliseki komzimba - Amamodeli nabadumile bavame ukubonisa imizimba emincane noma eminyameni engapheli. Ucwaningo lubonisa ukuthi intsha engenalo ulwazi oluyisisekelo lwezindaba ludinga ukuzizwa kabi ngemva kokubuka lezi zithombe. Abaqapheli ukuthi izithombe zivame ukubukwa ngezithombe futhi amaqembu abantu asebenza ukuqinisekisa ukuthi abadumile kanye nomodeli bavele bephelele.
- Ukungazi komthengi - Intsha engaqapheli okuqukethwe okuxhaswe ngeke iqaphele ukuthi 'indaba' abayifundayo ayiyona indaba-kuyindlela nje yokumaketha. Kungaba amathuba okuthenga imikhiqizo nezinsizakalo abazidingayo.
- Ukugxilonga - Abezindaba bavame ukuphazamisa abantu ngokusekelwe kobulili, inkolo, noma ubuhlanga. Ukuba ngaphansi kwezinkolelo ngokuphindaphindiwe, ngaphandle kokucabanga ngakho, kusho ukuthi intsha ingase ikholwe lokho abakubonayo.
- I-Bias - Izitolo zoMidiya zinomsebenzi we-ajenda futhi ziqhutshwa ngabantu abanenhlamba ethile. Kodwa intsha engayiqondi ihlaya ingase izuze uhlangothi olulodwa lendaba.
- Izinkinga zezempilo - Abathengi basebenzisa izinyathelo ezihlukahlukene zokuheha abantu ukuba bacabange ukuziphatha okungenampilo umqondo omuhle. Ukuphuza kungabonakaliswa ngokuthi 'okupholile' futhi ukudla okungenamsoco kungathengiswa 'njengokumnandi.' Intsha ingase ibe nomthelela omkhulu wokuzibandakanya kulawo maqondana nokuziphatha okungenabungozi uma bengaqapheli ukuthi abakhangisi amasu basebenzise.
Indlela Yokufundisa Basic Media Literacy
Kubalulekile ukuchitha isikhathi ukhuluma nengane yakho mayelana nezindaba nokuthi abezindaba basebenza kanjani. Ucwaningo lubonisa ukuthi izingane zihlangabezana nemiphumela embi kakhulu uma zifundisiwe amakhono ayisisekelo okufunda nokubhala. Nansi indlela ongayifundisa ngayo ingane yakho ukuhlola okuqukethwe akubukayo:
- Khuthaza ukucabanga okucabangayo . Khuthaza ingane yakho ukuba ibuze imibuzo ayifunayo. Mcele ukuba acabangele ukuthi ubani obhala indaba nokuthi kungani lo muntu engase abhale.
- Xoxa ngamasu wokukhangisa . Khuluma ngezinkampani zamasu ezisebenzisayo ukukholisa abantu ukuthi bathenge imikhiqizo yabo. Ukuthembisa umkhiqizo kuzokusiza ukuthi ubukeke ubuhle noma uthandwa kakhulu, isibonelo, kuvame ukuyingxenye yomlayezo.
- Khuluma ngezinhloso zabantu ekudaleni okuqukethwe . Qinisekisa ukuthi ingane yakho iyazi ukuthi abalobi abaningi bakhokhelwa ukubuka kwekhasi. Izinkinobho ze-Chofoza-bait zenzelwe ukuthola ithrafikhi, kunokunikeza ulwazi lwekhwalithi. Chaza ukuthi bangaki abanye abalobi abazama ukuthengisa imikhiqizo, kunokubika amaqiniso.
- Fundisa ingane yakho ukuba ibheke lonke ulwazi . Khuluma ngokubaluleka kokubuka ikhasi "ngathi" kwiwebhusayithi ukuze ufunde kabanzi mayelana nokuthi ubani okhiqize okuqukethwe. Futhi, bonisa ingane yakho ukuthi ubheke kanjani izithombe eduze kakhulu. Kungenxa yokuthi isithombe sihanjiswa ngendaba asisho ukuthi isithombe sithathwe emcimbini owakhulunywa ngawo endabeni.
- Xoxa ngokubaluleka kokuqhathanisa imithombo . Khuluma ngezindlela zokwenza iqiniso uhlole izindaba ku-intanethi. Ingabe ezinye izitolo zemidiya ziqhuba indaba efanayo? Udaba lwangempela luvelaphi? Indaba efanayo ihluke kanjani ezitolo ezahlukene?
- Qaphela ukuthi intsha yakho isebenzisa . Yazi ukuthi yiziphi izingosi zokuxhumana zenhlalo ingane yakho isebenzisa futhi iqaphe umsebenzi we-intanethi wengane yakho. Futhi, qaphela amabhayisikobho ingane yakho ebukeleyo nomculo ayithandayo. Uma wazi ngokwengeziwe ngalokho akudlayo, uzohlomele kangcono ukuthi ube nezingxoxo mayelana nokuthi abezindaba bangamthinta kanjani.
- Bheka amawebhusayithi ndawonye . Hlala phansi nomntanakho futhi ubuyekeze amasayithi wezindaba ezithandwayo futhi uxoxe ukuthi ungahlukanisa kanjani phakathi kwezindaba zezindaba nokuqukethwe okuxhaswe. Funda izihloko ndawonye futhi ukhulume ngemilayezo oyibona.
Yenza ukufunda kwezindaba kube isihloko esiqhubekayo senkulumo ekhaya lakho. Sebenzisa izibonelo zangempela zokuphila kanye nezindaba zansuku zonke uma ungazikwazi futhi uhlele ukwenza imidiya ifunde ingxoxo eqhubekayo.
> Imithombo:
> Media Sense Media: Ukubalwa kwabantu okujwayelekile: iMedia Media by Tweens and Teens
> Donald, Brooke. Abacwaningi baseStanford bathola abafundi behluleka ukwahlulela ukwethembeka kolwazi online. ISikole seStudio Graduate Graduate of Education.
> Krayer A, Ingledew DK, i-Iphofen R. Ukufanisa komzimba nomzimba womuntu ekukhuleni: indlela eqondiswe ngayo. Ucwaningo lwezeMpilo . 2007; 23 (5): 892-903. doi: 10.1093 / wakhe / cym076.