Izingane Zakho Ngeviki 8

by UVincent Iannelli, MD, udokotela oqinisekiswe yibhodi

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Izinjongo zokubeletha

I-Inti St Clair / Getty Izithombe

Uze uhlele isikhathi esingakanani ekunceliseni ibele?

Akuyona into ethi amama kancelisayo ajwayele ukucabanga ngakho, kodwa ukuba nomgomo noma umgomo wokuncelisa kungasiza.

Isibonelo, ukubeka umgomo ukuthi ufuna ukubeletha isikhathi esingakanani kungasiza ekuqinisekiseni ukuthi ngeke ume ngokushesha uma uqala ukuba nezinkinga, njengoba uthola usizo neseluleko sokuqhubeka uze uhlangabezane nomgomo wakho.

Ukunquma ukuthi ufuna ukubeletha isikhathi esingakanani kungakusiza futhi ukuba ulindele noma yiziphi izinkinga zokubeletha ezingase zikhuphuke njenge:

ukuncelisa emphakathini
ukubuyela emsebenzini
yini okufanele uyenze lapho ingane yakho ithola amazinyo futhi ihlabe okokuqala

Futhi uma ucabangela isikhathi esingakanani sokusetha umgomo wakho, khumbula ukuthi i-American Academy of Pediatrics incoma ukuthi "ukuncelisa kufanele kuqhutshwe okungenani unyaka wokuqala wokuphila nangaphezulu uma nje uthanda umama nomntwana."

Siza Ufinyelele Injongo Yakho Yokuncelisa Ukubeletha

Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi umgomo wakho wokuncelisa ukubeletha unamasonto amabili, izinyanga ezimbili, noma iminyaka emibili, uma unenkinga yokuhlangana lowo mgomo kanye nomntanakho kubonakala sengathi uyakhula ngaphambi kokuthi ulungele, kufanele uthole usizo.

Lolusizo lungase luvela kwamanye amama abelethe izingane zabo, udokotela wezingane osekela ukondla, kanye / noma umcebisi we-lactation.

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Ukondla Amashejuli

Guerilla / Getty Izithombe

Ukuqonda isimiso sokunakekela ingane yakho kulula kakhulu emavikini ayisishiyagalombili. Ngempela, ingane yakho ayilungele uketshezi, imifino, noma izithelo. Futhi ngokuqinisekile akakulungele ukudla kokunwe noma ukudla kwetafula.

Lokhu kusho ukuthi ngalesi sikhathi, ukudla komntanakho kuzoba nobisi lwebele, noma uma ingane yakho ingabelisi isisu, ifomula lesisu eliqinile.

Into eyinhloko ephikisana nabazali yilezi ezingakanani futhi ukondla ingane yabo kaningi kangakanani.

Inani lokuKondla

Izinto zilula kakhulu omama bokuncelisa. Njengoba ngokuvamile kungadingeki bacabange ukuthi bangondla kangakanani ingane yabo, bangacabanga nje ukuthi bangamhlengikazi kaningi kangakanani.

I-American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP), encwadini ethi Your First Year's Baby, ithi, "iningi lezingane liyaneliseka ngama-ounces amathathu kuya kwangu-4 ngokudla kwenyanga yokuqala, futhi ukwandisa lelo nani ngehora elilodwa ngenyanga kuze kufike ama-ounces angu-8. " Uma uneminyaka emibili ubudala, lokho kusho ukuthi ingane yakho cishe izophuza cishe ama-ounces ama-4 kuya kwangu-5 ngesikhathi.

I-AAP inikeza esinye isiqondiso esikisela ukuthi "ngokwesilinganiso, ingane yakho kufanele ithathe cishe ama-ounces angu-2/2 wefomula ngelanga kuwo wonke amakhilogremu wesisindo somzimba." Ngakho-ke umfana ophakathi kwezinyanga ezimbili olinganisa amakhilogremu angu-12, okungaba ama-ounces angu-30 ngosuku.

Khumbula ukuthi lezi zingamanani, ngakho-ke ezinye izinsana zidinga okungenani noma ezingaphansi kwesondlo ngasinye nangosuku ngalunye. Uma ingane yakho ibonakala inelisekile phakathi kokuphakelayo futhi ithola isisindo ngokujwayelekile, kungenzeka ukuthi uyadla okwanele.

Nini Ukupha Umntwana Wakho

Ngokuvamile, kufanele usondle ingane yakho ngenkathi elambile, kodwa kungenzeka ukuthi uye waqhubeka nesimiso sakhe esijwayelekile manje.

Kule minyaka yobudala, iningi labantwana liyadla cishe amahora amabili kuya kwangu-4, mhlawumbe isikhathi eside esingamahora amane kuya ku-6 lapho belele. Lokhu kuvame ukuhumusha phakathi kokudla okungu-7 kuya ku-9 ngosuku.

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Izinhlelo Zokulala

IzithombeBazaar / Getty Images

Ingabe ingane yakho ilele ebusuku? Ingabe kufanele abe?

Kuyinto encike ekuchazeni kwakho "ebusuku," kepha iningi lezinyanga ezimbili liyakusukuma okungenani kanye phakathi nobusuku ukuba badle. Eqinisweni, abaningi bavuka kabili ukuze badle. Kanye ngemva kokuthatha isikhathi eside amahora angu-4 kuya kwangu-6, futhi emva kwamahora amathathu noma ama-4.

Ezinye izingane ezineminyaka emibili zizokwenza kusukela ngo-10 ntambama noma ngo-11: 00 kuze ku-5 ekuseni noma ngo-6 ekuseni, futhi abazali bazo bazocabangela ukuthi njengoba belele "ebusuku." Nokho, iningi lezingane zizoba enye inyanga noma ezimbili ngaphambi kokuba zilale ubusuku bonke noma amahora angu-10 noma angu-11 ngaphandle kokuvusa ukudla.

Ukuze usize ingane yakho ithuthukise imikhuba emihle yokulala ebusuku, ingasiza eku:

zama ukubeka ingane yakho embhedeni ngenkathi ilele kodwa ingalali ngokugcwele. Noma kunjalo, lokho akusho ukuthi kufanele umshiye ukuba akhale yedwa embhedeni wakhe uma engeke alele eyedwa kule minyaka. Umgomo oyinhloko wukuthi ingane yakho ayifundanga ukuhlanganisa ukulala nokunakekelwa noma ukugwedwa ngoba ufuna ukuba ekugcineni alele yedwa. Lo mkhuba ungathatha amasonto noma izinyanga ukufunda futhi kungase kube yinto okufanele usebenze kuzo ezinyangeni ezimbalwa zokuqala zomntanakho.
faka ingane yakho ukuba ilale ngaphambi kokuba ivuleke.
qiniseka ukuthi awuvumeli ukulala kwakho ezinyangeni ezinhlanu ukulala kakhulu emini, ukhumbula ukuthi isilinganiso seminyaka emibili ubudala silele cishe amahora angu-7 noma angu-8 phakathi nosuku ngama-naps ahlukene amathathu namahora angu-8 noma angu-9 ubusuku bonke.
wabeka izinto ezilindelekile ezinganeni yakho, ugcine engqondweni ukuthi ezinye izingane ezinyanga ezimbili zidla njalo amahora amathathu ebusuku, ikakhulukazi uma zisadla njalo amahora amabili kuya kwangu-3 emini.

Khuluma nodokotela wakho wezingane uma ucabanga ukuthi ingane yakho ayilele futhi kufanele ibe.

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Ukuphepha komkhiqizo wabantwana - Isihlalo sezingane saseBumbo

Tom Merton / Getty Izithombe

Ngamaviki ayisishiyagalombili, ingane yakho ingase ikhathele ngokulala nje njalo.

Njengoba manje unomthwalo ongcono wekhanda nekhanda, kungenzeka ukuthi ufuna ukuhlala endaweni eqondile kokunye noma okuningi kosuku. Ungase uqaphele lokhu njengoba ingane yakho ikhukhumezeka noma ifinyeleleka lapho uzama ukumbeka endaweni lapho elele khona nje, njengesihlalo somoto, umshayeli wezinyawo noma isikhala. Esikhundleni sokulala phansi sonke isikhathi, ingane yakho izofuna ukuqala ukuhlezi njalo kaningi.

Kuleli qophelo, abazali abaningi baqala ukusebenzisa ukugoba noma ukugubha ukugcina izingane zabo zijabule. Ngenkathi izingane zijabulela le mikhiqizo yomntwana, njengoba isalokhu icindezela ikhanda lengane yakho, ingakwazi ukubeka ingane yakho engozini yokuthuthukisa ikhanda eliphansi.

Eminye imikhiqizo yezingane ingane yakho ingajabula ngayo ngalesi sikhathi, futhi engasiza ukugcina ingane yakho endaweni eqondile futhi ikhishwe ikhanda lakhe, faka:

isihlalo, njengeBumbo
ukugoqa umdwebo
umntwana othwala

Abazali bavame ukucabanga ngokusebenzisa umgodi wokugoba endaweni ehamba phambili, isisu esithwalwayo. Khumbula ukuthi ungaphinda usebenzise ukugoqa kwakho kwesigxobo endaweni yokubamba i-snuggle ukugcina ingane yakho ibheke kuwe endaweni eqondile. Futhi uma ingane yakho isandale izinyanga ezintathu kuya kweziyisithupha ubudala, ungashintsha esikhundleni se-kangaroo ukuze ubambe ingane yakho iqondile futhi ibheke phambili.

I-Bumbo Baby Seat Seat

Ngokungafani nokuthungwa kwe-sling noma ye-carrier carrier, i-Bumbo Baby Seat ayihlanganisi lutho ukusiza ukusekela ikhanda lomntanakho. Lokhu kubalulekile ukuthi uqhubeke nokusekela ikhanda lomntanakho ngenkathi eseBumbo Baby Baby noma ulinde aze abe nokulawula kahle ikhanda ukuhlala esihlalweni ngaphandle kosizo.

Abazali kufanele futhi bakhumbule i-label yexwayiso ye-Bumbo futhi bangashiyi ingane yabo engalindelekile noma bafake ingane yabo ku-Bumbo endaweni ephakanyisiwe, njengetafula, idesksi, noma i-countertop. Futhi khumbula ukuthi i-Bumbo "yenzelwe ukusetshenziswa kwezinga eliphezulu kuphela."

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Emuva kusikhumbuzi sokulala

Izithombe ngeTang Ming Tung / Getty Images

I-infantly death syndrome, noma i-SIDS, njengoba kusho igama, kuyinto ekhanyekayo.

Ngenhlanhla, amazinga we-SIDS ahla njengoba abazali befundisiwe ukuthi ukubeka ingane ukulala ngemuva kwakhe kunciphisa ingozi yakhe ye-SIDS.

Ngeke ucabange ukuthi abazali bayodinga isikhumbuzo sokunciphisa ingozi yengane yabo ye-SIDS. Kodwa-ke, ungamangala ukuthi bangaki abazali ababeka izingane zabo ukulala esiswini ngenxa yokuthi bacabanga ukuthi kubasiza ukuba balale kangcono.

Ezinye izikhumbuzi ezinhle zihlanganisa:

buyela ekulaleni
emuva kungcono kakhulu

Amaqiniso Nge-SIDS

Ingozi ye-SIDS, iqala cishe inyanga eyodwa, ingajwayelekile kubantu abasha. Ikhuphuka ize ifinyelele phezulu lapho ingane yakho ineminyaka emibili kuya kwezintathu ubudala. Lokhu kwenza kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthatha zonke izinyathelo ongazenza ukuze unciphise ingozi yengane yakho ye-SIDS manje ukuthi ingane yakho ingamasonto ayisishiyagalombili ubudala.

Ngaphezu kokubeka ingane yakho embhedeni, hhayi uhlangothi lwakhe noma isisu, ezinye izinyathelo zokunciphisa ingozi yengane yakho ye-SIDS zihlanganisa:

Njalo ubeke ingane yakho ukulala ematithini omsakazo ogcwele ishidi, ngaphandle kwezinto ezithambile, ukulala okuxekethile, imithwalo, noma amathoyizi agxiliwe esibuyeni.
Ukuba nengane yakho ilele e-bassinet ehlukile, isikhumba, noma isisu esiseduze nombhede wakho ekamelweni elilodwa, kodwa hhayi embhedeni wakho .
Ukunika ingane yakho i-pacifier, ikakhulukazi manje ukuthi ingane yakho ingaphezu kwenyanga ubudala, kodwa unikele kuphela nge-pacifier ngezikhathi zokulala, futhi ungayibuyiseli uma ingane yakho ilele.
Ukungabonakali ingane yakho ngomusi wesitimela.
Ukuvimbela ingane yakho ukuba ingapheli isikhathi lapho ilele.
Ukuqinisekisa ukuthi bonke abanakekeli bayazi lezi zincomo.

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Izifo Zengane

Westend61 / Getty Izithombe

Ngesikhathi ingane isenamaviki ayisishiyagalombili ubudala, kungenzeka ukuthi uphume endlini kaningi futhi ingase ibe khona ekunakekeleni kwesikhashana kakade. Lokhu kusho ukuthi kungenzeka ukuthi usevele engozini ngenxa yezifo eziningi ezijwayelekile zobuntwana.

Ukuqaphela izimpawu zalesi sifo kungasiza ukukulungiselela uma ingane igula.

I-RSV

Ngenkathi i-RSV ingabangela ubanda kubantwana abadala, ingabangela ukutheleleka okungathí sina ezinganeni ezincane. Lezi zingane, kuhlanganise nezinsana ezingakafiki, zingathuthuka i-bronchiolitis, ehambisana nokuvuvukala emaphashini, ukuvunguza nokuphefumula.

Croup

Izinsana ezinezintambo zivame ukuvulwa phakathi nobusuku ngokukhwehlela okuzwakala njengophawu lokuqhaqhazela futhi ukuphefumula komsindo nokukhala okukhulu.

Roseola

I-Roseola yisifo esithathelwanayo segciwane lesandulela ngculazi esibangela umkhuhlane omkhulu izinsuku ezimbalwa. Ngemuva kokuphuza komkhuhlane, ukuqhuma kwephunga kuphuma emzimbeni womntanakho.

Ukukhohlela okubi

Izinsana ezinezikhwehlela zokukhwehlela noma i-pertussis zingaba nokukhwehlela okuzokwenza kube nzima ngabo ukuphefumula.

Ngeshwa, izinsana zisengozini yokudlulisa izifo ezikhwehlela kubantu abadala abangase babe nokukhwehlela okungahle kubangelwe icala elingatholakali le-pertussis. Futhi ngenkathi kune-vact pertussis, ingane yakho ayivikelwe kuze kube yilapho ethola umthamo wesithathu lapho eneminyaka eyisithupha ubudala ubudala.

I-Rotavirus

I-Rotavirus iyimbangela evamile kakhulu ye-gastroenteritis yegciwane ezinganeni, kubangela ukuhlanza, isifo sohudo, nomkhuhlane. Ingane yakho ingathola umuthi omusha we-rotavirus, i-RotaTeq, uma ineminyaka emibili, emine, neyisithupha ubudala ukusiza ukuncipha amathuba akhe okugula nge-rotavirus.

Izifo zendlebe

Izimpawu ezijwayelekile zokutheleleka indlebe zingabandakanya ubuhlungu bezindlebe, umkhuhlane, ukukhwabanisa, ukudonsa ezindlebeni, ukugeleza indlebe, konke okuvame ukuhambisana nomkhuhlane.

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Iveki I-Q & A Eyisishiyagalombili-Iviki nonyaka

Westend61 / Getty Izithombe

Q. Ungabeka nini ukuchaza ubudala bomntwana wakho emasontweni bese uqala ukusebenzisa izinyanga? Isibonelo, kufanele ngithi umntwana wami unamaviki angu-8 noma izinyanga ezimbili ubudala?

Ngokuvamile, abazali abaningi basebenzisa amasonto kuze kube yinto edideka kakhulu.

Isibonelo, abantu bavame ukwazi ukuthi usho ukuthini uma usho ukuthi ingane yakho ingamasonto ayisithupha, ayisishiyagalombili noma ama-10 ubudala. Kuthola ukudideka okuncane uma uthi ingane yakho ingu-14, 18, noma amaviki angu-20 ubudala.

Kodwa-ke, ukusebenzisa amasonto ahambisana nezinyanga empeleni kuyisifiso somuntu siqu.

Khumbula ukuthi ingane yakho ingasebenzisa amasonto kuze kube yilapho ingane yakho ineminyaka emibili kuya kwezintathu ubudala. Ukusebenzisa amasonto kuvumela ukuthi udokotela wezingane wakho aqonde kahle ekukhetheni ukwelashwa kwezempilo uma ingane yakho igula.

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Iveki Izinkinga Eziyisishiyagalombili Zezokwelapha - Ukulahlekelwa Izinwele

Cecile Lavabre / Getty Izithombe

Okumangalisa ukuthi izinsana zivame ukulahlekelwa izinwele, futhi ziyaziwa ngokuthi i-alopecia.

Ngisho nalabo abazalwa benenhloko egcwele yezinwele bangase bathole ukuthi kungcono kakhulu futhi bawele yonke indawo. Ezinye izingane zivele zithole indawo ehlathini ngemuva kwekhanda labo.

Ukulahleka kwezinwele ezinganeni ngokuvamile kuvamile futhi izinwele zizokhula ngokushesha.

I-Telogen Effluvium

I-Telogen effluvium yigama lezokwelapha elichaza ukulahleka kwezinwele zezingane ezivamile. Izinwele zezingane zivame ukungena esimweni sokuphumula esibangela ukuba siphume kalula. Lokhu kubuye kwenzeke nakancane kubantwana abadala nakubantu abadala emva kokugula okunzima njengokutheleleka okukhulu, umkhuhlane omkhulu noma ukuhlinzeka okukhulu.

Uma izinwele zakho zingena emjikelezweni wokukhula futhi, izinwele ezindala zokuphumula ziyaxoshwa, okwenza kubonakale sengathi ingane yakho ilahlekelwa izinwele zakhe.

I-Friction Alopecia

Enye indlela izingane ezilahlekelwa ngayo izinwele zaso lapho zilele endaweni efanayo, ikakhulukazi flat phezu emhlane. Lezi zingane zivame ukugubha ngemuva kwekhanda labo embhedeni wazo, isihlalo semoto noma ukugijima. Ukungqubuzana kwekhanda labo ngokumelene nalezi zindawo kubangela izinwele ukuba ziphume, zidale izindawo ezincane ze-bald ngemuva kwekhanda lomntwana.

Ngenhlanhla, lezi zindawo ezinemibala zigcwalisa ngokushesha izinwele uma umntwana ehlezi phezulu, eqaqa futhi echitha isikhathi esingaphansi ngemuva kwakhe.

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Ukuhlola Ingane Eyizinyanga ezimbili I-Well Well

I-JGI / Jamie Grill / Getty Izithombe

Uzovakashela njalo odokotela wezingane zakho ngonyaka wokuqala wokuphila komntanakho ukuze uqaphelisise ukukhula nokuthuthukiswa kwakhe. Lokhu kuhlanganisa ukuhambela ezinyangeni ezimbili, ezine, eziyisithupha, eziyisishiyagalolunye, neshumi nambili.

Ukuze uthole okuningi kwalokhu kuhambela, bhala phansi noma yikuphi imibuzo ongase ube nayo kudokotela wezingane ngaphambi kokuvakasha ukuze ungabakhohlwa. Lolu Hlola Lokuhlola Ingane Elingane Encane lungakusiza futhi ukulungiselela ukuhlolwa kwengane yakho.

Ngesikhathi sokuhlola inyanga ezimbili, ungalindela:

Ukuhlolwa okuphelele ngokomzimba nokunakekelwa okukhethekile ezingxenyeni zomntwana wakho ukuhlola ukuthuthukiswa kwe-hip dysplasia
Ukuhlola ukukhula nentuthuko yengane yakho
Ukubuyekezwa kwezikhathi zokudla nokulala
Ukulinganisa ukuphakama kwakhe, isisindo sakhe, kanye nesisindo sekhanda
Ukululekwa kokuvikela ukulimala
Ukugonywa: DTaP, HepB, Hib, IPV, Prevnar, RotaTeq

Ukuhlolwa okulandelayo nodokotela wezingane kuyoba lapho ingane yakho ineminyaka engine ubudala ubudala.

Izinsiza ezisebenziseka kakhulu

> Imithombo:

_{Isitatimende Somgomo Wezemfundo yase-American Academy.} _{Ukubeletha nokusetshenziswa koMlenze Wabantu.} _{Ukubeletha nokusetshenziswa koMlenze Wabantu.}

_{Isitatimende Somgomo Wezemfundo yase-American Academy.} _{I-Changing Concept ye-Infant Death Syndrome Yomntwana Okungazelelwe.} _{I-PEDIATRICS Vol.} _{116 No. 5 Novemba 2005, iphe. 1245-1255.}