Ochwepheshe ngokuvamile batusa ukuthi irayisi cereal yilokudla kokuqala enikeza ingane yakho.
Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi ilayisi lokudla okusanhlamvu kubantwana kucatshangwa ukuthi yilokudla kwezingane okungenani okungenzeka ukuthi kubangele ukusabela kokugula. I-rice cereal yodwa i-gluten mahhala futhi ayikhululekile ubisi namaqanda, nezinye izifo ezivame ukungezwani.
Amanye ama-baby rice cereal aqukethe i-soy, noma kunjalo. Lokhu ngokuvamile akuyona inkinga ngoba isithako akuyona ngempela amaprotheni e-soy, okuyinto evame ukususa imithi ye-soy, kodwa i-lecithin yama-soy-oil esikhundleni. Hlola uhlu lwama-ingredients uma ufuna umntwana we-rice cereal ngaphandle kwe-soy.
Ukuqala i-Rice Cereal
Uma wena kanye nomntanakho ninqume ukuthi yisikhathi esifanele sokuqala okusanhlamvu, thola ibhokisi lakho le-baby rice cereal kanye nesitsha sokudla esilungile. Uzobe uxuba ithisipuni elilodwa le-cereal ngamashuuni we-4 kuya ku-5 webisi lesifuba esiphambanwe noma ifomula (noma ngisho namanzi) ukuze uthole okusanhlamvu "kokuhle" kokuvumelana. Ekuqaleni, lokhu kusho ukuthi okusanhlamvu ngeke kube nokuvumelana nhlobo nhlobo. Njengoba umntwana wakho edla kahle okusanhlamvu, engeza uketshezi oluncane kangangokuba lukhulu kakhulu.
Ngemuva kokuqala ngamaspuni 1 noma amabili ngesikhathi esisodwa, ingane yakho ingase iqhubekele ku-3 noma 4 amathisipuni we-rice cereal once noma kabili ngosuku.
Akulungele Ukudla?
Uma ingane yakho iqhuma njalo i-spoon ye-rice cereal emlonyeni wakhe ngolimi lwakhe noma nje ingabonakali ithandana nokudla okusanhlamvu, kungenzeka ukuthi ingakulungeli ukudla kwasekuqaleni okwamanje. Ungase ulindele ukulinda amasonto ambalwa bese uzama futhi.
Ungase uzame ukushintsha isikhathi lapho unikeza uketshezi wakho wengane. Isibonelo, uma unikeza uketshezi ngaphambi kokuncelisa noma ukunikeza ifomula, mhlawumbe uzame ukunakekela noma ukunikeza ibhodlela kuqala. Noma zama i-cereal kuqala uma ebonakala egcwele uma usuvele uzame ngenye indlela.
Okunye okungafani ne-Baby Formula
Lapho abazali bekhuluma ngezinye izindlela ezinganeni, bavame ukukhuluma ngezinye izindlela emfomeni wesibisi esisekelwe ngobisi lwezinkomo. Ifomula esekelwe emanzini yengane yakho ingafaka u-Enfamil Lipil, uSimilac Advance, noma i-Nestle Good Start.
Uma ingane inokungahambisani ne-formula noma ukungezwani komzimba, ngehudo, igesi, noma ukukhwabanisa, kungase kube yisikhathi senguquko yefomula uma ungalusisi. Njengoba lezi zingase zibe izimpawu ezivamile ngezikhathi ezithile, ngokuvamile kuvame ukukhuluma nodokotela wakho wezingane ngaphambi kokushintsha ifomula yengane yakho.
Uma ushintsha kusuka kwenkomishi ye-milk based-based, abazali bavame ukuguqula:
- i-lactose encishisiwe (i-Enfamil Gentlease Lipil) noma i-lactose mahhala ifomula (Enfamil LactoFree Lipil noma i-Similac ezwelayo)
- ifomula ye-soy (Enfamil ProSobee Lipil, iSimilac Isomil Advance, noma i-Nestle Good Start Soy)
- ifomu le-hypoallergenic (i-Enfamil Nutramigen Lipil, i-Similac Alimentum Advance, noma i-Neocate)
Okunye okungafani ne-Baby Formula
Ngaphandle kokuncelisa kanye namafomu okubalwe ngenhla, azikho ezinye izindlela ezinhle zomntwana wakho. Kumele ugweme ngokucophelela ifomula eyenziwe ngokwenza ubisi lwezinkomo noma ubisi oluphuthumayo, iziphuzo ze-soy, nobisi lwezimbuzi.
Ubisi lwezimbuzi
Abanye abazali bayamangala ngokuxwayisa ubisi lwezimbuzi njengoba becabanga ukuthi kulula ukugaya kunomsoco we-milk-basis. Lokhu kungaba yiqiniso, kodwa ubisi lwezimbuzi alunayo yonke izakhi, ikakhulukazi i-vitamin B-12 ne-folic acid, okudingeka ingane idingeke. Ngakho-ke ngenkathi ubisi lwezimbuzi obuthakathaka kanye ne-vitamin eyongezwayo ngokuvamile kulungile kubantu asebekhulile, akufanele kunikezwe izinsana ezineminyaka engaphansi kwengu-12 ubudala njengengxenye yokuncelisa ingane noma ifomula lomntwana.
Ubisi obomvu obomvu, olungabonakali kahle, lungenza ingane yakho ingengozini yokutheleleka nokutheleleka kwamavithamini kusukela ubisi oluhlaza aluhlanganisiwe ngamavithamini namaminerali.
Thrush
Ukuxubha kubangelwa imbiliso ye Candida albicans, engase ibangele ukutheleleka kwesisu kanye ne- diaper . Uma igula umlomo wengane, ibizwa ngokuthi i-oropharyngeal Candidiasis, noma ngaphezulu nje, thrush.
Nakuba ngezinye izikhathi ubuhlungu, uphawu oluvame kakhulu lwe-thrush yizimpawu ezimhlophe ezimboza izinsizwa zomlomo wengane. Ungase ubone lezi zikhonkwane ezinhlakeni zamatama akhe, ngolimi lwakhe, ophahleni lomlomo wakhe, nasemlonyeni wakhe nasezinsini zakhe njengoba zisakazeka.
Lezi zimpawu ezimhlophe, ngokungafani nobisi lwebele noma ifomula, alinakususwa kalula.
Ukwelashwa kwe-thrush kufaka:
- Ukumiswa komlomo we-Nystatin - imithi yokugaya imithi ehlinzekwa ngezidakamizwa ezinikezwa izikhathi ezine ngosuku. Khumbula ukuthi ukuxhumana okuqondile kweNystatin ngemvubelo elwa nokutheleleka, ngakho-ke ufuna ukusifaka nge-gauze noma ngomunwe wakho ngemuva kokuthi unike ingane yakho umthamo wayo.
- I-Fluconazole (Diflucan) - enye imithi yokwelapha i-antitifungal. Kucatshangwa ukuthi ukwelashwa kwemigqa yesibili okufanele isetshenziswe ngenkathi i-Nystatin ingasebenzi kodwa inenzuzo yokukhishwa kanye ngosuku futhi akudingeki ukuba uyiguqule ukuze isebenze.
- I-Gentian Violet - ukwelashwa okudala okungadingi imithi. Khumbula ukuthi i-Gentile Violet ingcono kakhulu futhi ingakwazi ukuvula izindebe zomntwana (okwesikhashana) nezembatho (hhayi njalo zesikhashana) ezibomvu, ngakho-ke akuyona ethandwa njengenye imithi.
Omama ababeletha abanomntwana one-thrush bangathola ukutheleleka kwemvubelo emabilini nasezinsizeni zabo, okubangela ubuhlungu ngenkathi benakekela. Kanye nomntwana wabo, laba omama kudingeka futhi baphathwe udokotela wabo.
Izinsana ziyakhuphuka ngoba imvubelo ye-Candida albicans iyabonakala noma yonke indawo, ngakho-ke kungakhathaliseki ukuthi uhlanza kanjani futhi uhlolisisa ama-pacifiers, amabhodlela, namathoyizi, umntwana wakho angase athole imithi. Noma kunjalo, kufanele uhlanze ngokucophelela noma yiziphi izinto ezingena emlonyeni wengane yakho.
Amathiphu Okunakekela Abantwana - Ukunciphisa
Abazali bavame ukukhathazeka uma ingane yabo inomkhuhlane, kodwa kubonakala sengathi bazizwa bengenasici lapho ingane yabo ihlanza.
Futhi ngokuvamile kulula ukuqonda ukuthi kungani, emva kwakho konke:
- ayikho imithi yokuyeka izingane kusukela ekuhlanzeni.
- abazali bakhathazeka ngokuthi ingane yabo izoba yinkomfa .
- nakuba igciwane lesisu yisisusa esivame kakhulu sokuhlanza, ikakhulu uma ingane isifo sohudo, abazali ngokuvamile bacabanga ukuthi ukuhlanza kubangelwa ezinye izimo ezimbi kakhulu, njengokuvimbela emathunjini.
Ukwelashwa Kwamakhaya Ukuvota
Ngeshwa, lapho bezama ukugcina izingane zabo zingangeni emanzini, abazali bavame ukunikeza ingane yabo ukuthi bayiphuze kakhulu uma behlanza. Lokhu kuvame ukuholela ekuhlanza okwengeziwe.
Ngesikhathi uketshezi kubalulekile uma ingane ihlanza, ochwepheshe bavame ukuncoma ukuba unikeze amancane amachiza ngesikhathi, bese unikeza njalo. Isibonelo, unganikeza ingane yakho 1 noma 2 amathisipuni wePedialyte, LiquiLytes, noma esinye isisombululo sokuvuselela ngomlomo (ORS) njalo imizuzu emihlanu noma eyishumi kunama-ounces amaningana ngesikhathi esisodwa. Izingane ezinomvuthwandaba zivame ukubekezelela kancane kancane ngesikhathi esifanayo, kanti cishe zizohlanza njalo uma ubapha ngaphezu kwama-ounces ambalwa ngesikhathi.
Kufanele ugweme ukunikeza ijusi yezithelo, amanzi alula, noma ilayisi uma ingane yakho ihlanza, noma kunjalo.
Uma umntwana wakho ebekezela amathisipuni angu-1 noma amabili ngesikhathi, ungathuthela phezulu ku-1 noma 2 wezipuni zonke imizuzu emihlanu noma engu-10 amahora ambalwa bese u-1 noma 2 ama-ounces ngesikhathi. Angase aqale ukubeletha noma ukuphuza ifomula futhi.
Shayela udokotela wezingane uma ingane yakho iqhubeka ihlanza noma inezinye izimpawu, ezifana nomkhuhlane, ukucasula, noma uma uchitheka amanzi.
Umthombo
> Amasevisi Okulawula Nokuvimbela Izifo. Ukuphatha i-Gastroenteritis elula phakathi kwezingane. I-MMWR Kunconywa Ngomhla ka-2003; 52 (RR-16): 1-16.
I-Infant Q & A - I-Baby Sinus Infections
Ingabe abantwana banesono? Bangakwazi yini ukuthola izifo ze-sinus?
Ukungaqondani okuvamile ukuthi abantwana abanasono.
Empeleni, izinsana zizalwa zinesono, kodwa azivezi kahle kakhulu. Izinsana zine-maxillary encane kakhulu (ngaphansi kwezihlathi zakho) kanye nezono zesimo se-ethmoid (phakathi kwamehlo akho), kodwa azikwazi ukubonwa ngama-x-rays kuze kube yilapho ingane ineminyaka eyodwa kuya kwemibili ubudala.
Izono zangaphambili (ngaphansi kwebunzi lakho), okuvame ukufaka isandla kumakhanda e-sinus omdala ajwayelekile, kanye nezono ze-sphenoid (eduze kwamehlo akho) aziqali ukukhula kuze kube ngumnyaka wesibili wengane futhi ngeke zibonwe kwi-x ray kuze kufike umntwana uneminyaka emihlanu kuya kweyisithupha ubudala.
Izono ziqhubeka zikhula kuze kube yilapho ingane yakho iba yintsha.
Ingabe i-Infection yeSinus?
Futhi njengoba benesono, abantwana bangathola izifo ze-sinus. Kodwa-ke, ngenxa yokuthi ingane yakho inephunga eliluhlaza noma eliphuzi elimhlophe, lokho akusho ukuthi unesifo se-sinus.
Ikhala eligijimayo, ngisho noma ukukhishwa kunombala othile kuwo, kuvame ukubangelwa ukushisa okulula. Uma ikhala eligijimayo lihlala izinsuku ezingaphezu kwezingu-10 kuya kwezingu-14, ukushisa komntanakho kungenzeka ukuthi sekuphenduke isifo se-sinus (sinusitis).
Umthombo
> I-American Academy ye-Pediatrics Subcommittee on Management of Sinusitis kanye neKomidi lokuPhuthukisa izinga. Umhlahlandlela Wokusebenza Ngokwemitholampilo: Ukuphathwa Kwe-Sinusitis. Izingane zokwelashwa 2001 108: 798-808.
Isaziso sempilo - I-Mercury Thermometers
Ngokuvamile abazali bayashesha ukuphuma kwe-thermometer uma ingane yabo izwa efudumele noma ibonakala igula, ngephunga eligijima, ukukhwehlela, noma ukukhathazeka okwengeziwe.
Lokho kwakusho ukuthatha ukusebenzisa i-mercury thermometer, okwakulokhu kucatshangwa ukuthi kungcono kakhulu ukuthatha izinga lokushisa kwengane.
Lokho kwakungaphambi kokuba ochwepheshe basakaze izwi mayelana nezingozi ze-mercury, ngisho nenani elincane ku-thermometer ye-mercury. Manje, i-American Academy of Pediatrics incoma ukuthi abazali bagweme ukusebenzisa i-mercury thermometers.
Isiphakamiso empeleni sineminyaka eminingana ubudala, noma kunjalo. Ngakho-ke ngeke usakwazi ngisho ukuthenga i-mercury thermometer entsha ngoba ayithengiswa ngezidakamizwa ezivamile ezikhona manje. Cishe ube ne-digital thermometer ongayisebenzisa ukuze uthathe ukushisa komntanakho esikhundleni sakho.
Abanye abantu bangase babe nomdala endlini, noma kunjalo. Uma wenza, kungenzeka ukuthi isikhathi sokususa.
Ukulahlwa kwe-Mercury Thermometer
Ngeshwa, ukuqeda ukushisa kwe-mercury akulula njengokuliphonsa kudoti. Uma wenza kanjalo, i-mercury izokhishwa kuphela emvelweni. Esikhundleni salokho, shayela umnyango wezempilo wendawo noma umnyango wakho wokuvikelwa kwemvelo ukuze uthole ukuthi ungayithatha yini i-thermometer yakho ye-mercury yokulahlwa okuphephile.
Uma une-thermometer ye-mercury futhi iphula, gcina ingane yakho kude nayo bese ubiza isikhungo sakho sokulawula ubuthi (1-800-222-1222) ukuze uthole ulwazi mayelana nokuthi ungakuhlanza kanjani ngokuphepha.
Imithombo
> Goldman LR, Shannon MW, kanye neKomiti Yempilo Yemvelo. Umbiko wezobuchwepheshe: i-mercury emvelweni: izinkinga zabantwana bezingane. I-Pediatrics.2001; 108: 197 -205.
> Michele DiCarlo, PharmD, et. al. Kufanele kanjani ukushisa i-Mercury Thermometer? Ucwaningo Lwabo Abafanele Ukubuzwa. I-PEDIATRICS Vol. 109 No. 5 Meyi 2002, iphe. E71.
Ukuhlola Izingane Ezinyangane Nengane
Ukuhlolwa kwezinyanga ezine kwengane yakho kuzokufana nokuhlolwa kwenyanga ezimbili. Uzobe ethola imithi efanayo.
Kuhlolwa kwezinyangama ezine nodokotela wezingane, ungalindela:
- Ukuhlolwa okuphelele ngokomzimba, ukunakekelwa okukhethekile ezingxenyeni zomntwana wakho ukuhlola ukuthuthukiswa kwe-hip dysplasia.
- Ukuhlola ukukhula nentuthuko yengane yakho.
- Ukubuyekezwa kwezikhathi zokudla nokulala.
- Ukulinganisa ukuphakama kwakhe, isisindo kanye nenhloko yekhanda.
- Ukululekwa kokuvikela ukulimala.
- Ukugonywa: DTaP, HepB, Hib, IPV, Prevnar, noRotaTeq.
Olandelayo ozohlola nodokotela wezingane uzoba lapho ingane yakho ineminyaka eyisithupha ubudala.
Buza Udokotela Wezingane Zakho
Khumbula ukuthi ukuvakashelwa kudokotela wezingane zakho akukhona nje ukuze umntwana wakho athole isibhamu sakhe. Ngaphezu kokugcina imishanguzo yengane yakho kusesikhathini, futhi kusiza ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ingane yakho iyakhula futhi ikhula ngendlela evamile, ukuvakashelwa kuyithuba lokuba ucele noma yimiphi imibuzo ongayithola mayelana nengane yakho.
Ezinyangeni ezine, ungase ubuze:
- Ingabe ingane yami isilungele ukuqala uketshezi?
- Ngisiza kanjani ingane yami ukulala ubusuku?
- Ingabe ingane yami idinga ukwesekwa kwe- Vitamin D ?