Yiziphi izivivinyo zokufaneleka ezisetshenziselwa?
Kusukela ekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-20, ukuhlolwa kobuqotho kuye kwasetshenziselwa ukukala amakhono, amathalenta, amakhono emoto, ukucabanga kanye nokukwazi ikhono lobuciko. Izikole zisebenzisa izivivinyo zokufaneleka ngezizathu ezihlukahlukene; Ngaphandle kokuhlola, ukuhlolwa kwekhono lokusiza ukusiza ukuhlanganisa iphrofayli yengane. Izingane ezindala zingase zizuze ezivivinyweni zokufaneleka ezingabasiza ukuba bafinyelele esikoleni esiphakeme esikoleni esiphakeme.
Njengoba izingane zikhula, izinhlobo zokuhlolwa kokufaneleka zithatha ushintsho.
Izivivinyo ze-IQ
Ezinye zezivivinyo ezikwazi kakhulu ukufaneleka kukhona ukuhlolwa okungaziwa ngokujulile njengezivivinyo ze-IQ. Naphezu kokuhlolwa kweziqu ze-IQ ezitholakalayo ku-intanethi, kuphela izazi ze-psychologists ezinelayisense kanye nezingqondo ze-psychometricians kufanele zihlole ukuhlolwa kwe-IQ ukuhlola ikhono lomntanakho lokufunda. Ukuhlolwa kwe-IQ okuvame kakhulu ukuhlolwa kwe-Stanford-Binet Intelligence Test kanye ne-Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (WISC). Izikole zisebenzisa lezi zivivinyo ukusiza ukunquma ukuthi yiziphi izingane ezingase zizuze ezinhlelweni ezikhethekile.
Izivivinyo ze-IQ zisebenzisa ukuqala kokufunda, ukuxazulula izinkinga, inkumbulo nokucabangela ukucacisa ikhono lomntwana lokufunda. Izivivinyo ze-IQ, ngokungafani nezinye izivivinyo zokufaneleka, yenza manje ukukala ikhono lobuciko noma umculo noma ubuciko ngokujwayelekile. Izivivinyo ziye zagxeka ngenxa yezinkambiso zamasiko: izingane ezizindaweni eziphansi ezomphakathi nezomnotho kanye nabantwana bezizwe ezimbalwa ziye zaboniswa ukuthi zenza kahle izivivinyo ze-IQ, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ziyizinto ezihlakaniphile.
Izivivinyo zokufaneleka nokuhlolwa kokuphumelela
Abazali akufanele badideke phakathi kokuhlolwa kokuphumelela nokuhlolwa kokufaneleka. Ukufaneleka kulinganisa ikhono lomfundi ukuthola iqoqo lamakhono noma ukuqeqeshwa ngokulinganisa amathalenta emvelo nomfundi. Izivivinyo zokufaneleka zingahle zenzelwe ukunikeza abafundi umbono wezinhlobo zemisebenzi okungenzeka ukuthi zifaneleke noma zizuze kakhulu.
Ngokungafani nezivivinyo zokuphumelela, ukuhlolwa kokufaneleka akulinganisi izindawo zezifundo esikoleni futhi ngeke ukwazi ukutadisha. Izivivinyo zokuphumelela zikala ukuthi yini abafundi abaye bafunda phakathi nonyaka wesikole; ukuhlolwa kokufaneleka kusetshenziselwa ukukala ikhono elikhona lokufunda.
Izivivinyo Zokufaneleka Kwabafundi Besikole Elementary
Kubafundi besikole samabanga aphansi, izivivinyo zokufaneleka zivame ukusetshenziselwa ukulinganisa ukufaneleka kwabafundi ezinhlelweni ezikhethekile, njengezifundo ezinamakhono nezifundo noma imfundo ekhethekile. Abafundi besikole esikoleni sokuqala bangase bahlangane noLimi Lwasekhaya Lokuhlolwa Kwezilimi, ithalente langaphandle, kanye neStanford Educational Mathematics Testing Aptitude Test for maths.
Izivivinyo Zokufaneleka Kwabafundi Besikole Esiphakathi
Abafundi basezifundazwe bangathatha ukuhlolwa kokufaneleka ukuze bafanelekele izinhlelo ezinhle noma ezikhethekile, njengezingane zasesikoleni esiphansi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, esikoleni esiphakathi singabona ukuhlolwa kwamakhono okusebenza. Enye yalezi ziLimi lokuLinganisa lokuLingana, oluvivinya abafundi ngokucabangela amazwi, ikhono lamanani, ijubane lokubhala kanye nokunemba, ukucabanga okungabonakali, ukucabangela okungenangqondo, ubudlelwane besikhala, isipelingi, nokusetshenziswa kolimi. Isivivinyo se-OASIS, se-Occupational Aptitude Survey kanye noHlelo lweziNzalo, esinye isilingo esivamile kubafundi balesi sizukulwane.
Izivivinyo zokufaneleka zabafundi besikole esiphakeme
Abafundi besikole samabanga aphezulu bangathatha ukuhlolwa kokufaneleka ukuze banqume izithakazelo zomsebenzi kanye nezindlela zokusebenza ezingase zifundiswe ngemuva kwezemfundo. Labo abangase babe nesithakazelo emisebenzini ehlomile bangathatha iBettery ye-Armed Services Vocational Aptitude; olunye uvivinyo lokufundela ikhono lokuhlola ukuhlolwa nokuhlola ukuhlolwa nokuhlolwa kwe-Bennett Mechanical Testing and Testing Aptitude Test