Konke Mayelana Nomntwana Wakho Ngeviki Lamashumi amabili

Uyini umgomo wakho wokuncelisa ingane yakho?

Ngamanye amazwi-uhlele isikhathi esingakanani ekunceliseni ibele? Izinyanga ezintathu? Izinyanga eziyisithupha? Izinyanga ezingu-9? Izinyanga eziyishumi nambili noma ngaphezulu?

Ingabe ufinyelela lowo mgomo?

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Ukufinyelela Imigomo Yakho Yokuncelisa Ukubeletha

Ngokwezinhlolovo eziningi, kuyilapho cishe amaphesenti angama-65 omama aqala ukubelesa, amaphesenti angaba ngu-30 kuphela asebeletha ezinyangeni eziyisithupha kanti amaphesenti angama-15 kuphela asebeletha lapho ingane yabo ineminyaka engu-12 ubudala.

Lokhu kungaphansi kweMpilo ka-2010 Imiklomelo, isethi yemigomo yezempilo kazwelonke, ukuthi amaphesenti angu-50 omama abeletha ezinyangeni eziyisithupha namaphesenti angu-25 ezinyangeni ezingu-12.

Futhi, khumbula ukuthi i-American Academy of Pediatrics incoma ukuthi "ukuncelisa kufanele kuqhutshwe okungenani unyaka wokuqala wokuphila nangaphezulu uma nje uthanda umama nomntwana."

Yiqiniso, izinto azihambi njalo njengoba kuhlelwe. Kodwa uma ujabulela ukuncelisa futhi izinto zihamba kahle wena nomntanakho, ungacabangela ukuqhubeka uncelisa kuze kube yilapho ingane yakho ingenani izinyanga ezingu-12 ubudala. Futhi uma uqala ukuthola izinkinga zokuncelisa ingane ezithola endleleni yomgomo wakho, unganqikazi ukubiza udokotela wezingane kanye / noma umcebisi we-lactation ukuthola usizo.

Lezi zinkinga zokubeletha zingase zifake:

• Biting
• Isiteleka sokunakekela izingane
• Ukunciphisa ukukhiqizwa ubisi
• Ukugwinya kokuqala

Ngokuvamile, kunezinyathelo ezilula kakhulu ongazithatha ukuze unqobe izinkinga ezivame kakhulu ezisongela ikhono lakho lokuncelisa. Ungesabi ukubuza, bese ubuza futhi. Ngaphandle komxhumanisi wezingane nezingane zakho, ukukhuluma nabanye omama abasha bangakunika imibono eminingi eye yabasiza ukuba babhekane nokukhathazeka okufanayo.

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Ukudla kokudla kwezingane

Njengabazali bazama ukudla okusha, kuhle ukulinda izinsuku ezimbili noma ezintathu phakathi kokudla okusha. Ukulinda izinsuku ezimbalwa kukuvumela ukuba uqaphele kalula ukuthi yikuphi ukudla okungabangela noma yikuphi ukugula okubangelwa ukungezwani noma izimpawu zokungabekezelelani.

Ngakolunye uhlangothi, uma uqale ukudla okubili noma ezintathu ngosuku olufanayo futhi ingane yakho inenkinga, kungaba nzima ukwazi ukuthi yikuphi ukudla kwezingane okufanele kubekwe icala. Uma ngabe ubhekene nale nkinga, noma kunjalo, awuwedwa. Abazali abaningi bajabule kakhulu ukubukela izingane zabo bezama izinto ezintsha ukulinda okudingekayo kwezinsuku ezimbili noma ezintathu. Ngakho ungatshela kanjani ukuthi ingane yakho ine-allergies yokudla?

Izimpawu zokudla eziphathelene nokudla kwezingane

Ngisho noma beyazi ukuthi kufanele balinde ukuqala ukudla okusha kwezingane, abazali abahlale beqiniseka ukuthi iziphi izimpawu noma izimpawu ababukeleyo. Uyazi kanjani ukuthi umntwana wakho unomdlavuza noma ukungabekezelelani emva kokuqala ukudla okusha kwezingane?

Esikhathini esiningi, izimpawu zokungenwa kokudla komntwana kuzoba yilokho ongakulindela ekuphenduleni okweqile ekudleni ukudla kunoma ubani omunye, kufaka phakathi:

• Uhudo
• Ukukhwabanisa isikhumba, kufaka phakathi ama-hives
• Ukuvota
• Ukushisa
• Izimpande zesisu

Ezinye izibonakaliso, ezifana negesi nokuvimbela, futhi ngezinye izikhathi isifo sohudo, kungenzeka ukuthi kubangelwa ukubekezelelana kokudla.

Ngokungafani nokuthanda ukunambitheka okuthile akuvamile ukuthi kube uphawu lokungezwani komzimba. Khumbula ukuthi ingane yakho ingase ingathandi ukudla okunye noma kufanele ijwayele ukunambitheka noma ukuthungwa kokudla kwezingane ezithile. Kulezi zokudla ezinganeni okubonakala sengathi ingane yakho ayithandi ngaso leso sikhathi, kungase kudingeke uzame izikhathi eziningana ngaphambi kokuba ingane yakho izidle njalo.

Uma ucabanga ukuthi ingane yakho ine-allergies yangempela noma ukungabekezelelani kokudla okuthile, kufanele uvame ukuyinikeza ingane yakho futhi uqhubekele kwenye into. Ungavame ukuzama ukudla futhi ezinyangeni ezimbili noma ezintathu-ikakhulukazi uma kwakunomthelela omuhle-ukubona ukuthi ekugcineni ingane yakho ibekezelela yini ukudla. Khuluma nodokotela wakho wezingane ngaphambi kokunikeza ingane yakho ukudla uma bekuyisenzo esingathí sina, njengalabo ababehlanganisa ukushaya noma uma ingane yakho isabela emizamweni eminingi yokuzama ukudla.

Ukudla okuvamile kakhulu kwezinsana kubandakanya:

• Ubisi
• Amaqanda
• Inhlanzi
• I-Shellfish
• Amantongomane emithi
• Ngokolweni
• Amantongomane
• AmaSoybe

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Amehlo Ezingane Zakho

Ingane yakho ingabona kanjani manje?

Cishe kusobala ukuthi ingane yakho ingabona kangcono manje kunalokho akwenze ngaphambili, njengoba ikulandela eduze kwekamelo futhi ikubukele. Kodwa ungase uzibuze ukuthi ubuhle bakhe bunjani.

Ngaphambi kokuqala ngenyanga yakhe yokuqala, ingane yakho ingagxila kuphela ezintweni ezazingamamitha ukusuka ebusweni bakhe, manje ubona izinto ngokucacile eziyizinyawo eziningana. Futhi, ngaphezu kwamaphethini alula, aphezulu awakuthandayo njengengane esanda kuzalwa, ingane yakho manje ingabona imibala eminingi, ubujamo, namaphethini.

Umbono wengane yakho uzoqhubeka nokuvuthwa ezinyangeni ezimbili noma ezintathu ezilandelayo, njengoba eqhubeka nokuqonda imibala ehlukahlukene nakakhulu kakhulu kanye nobujamo obunzima kakhulu namaphethini. Ngeke empeleni abe nombono we-20/20 aze abe khona phakathi kwezinyanga ezingu-6 no-30 ubudala.

Amehlo omntanakho akufanele aphinde "awele" uma esefinyelele emavikini angu-20 ubudala. Uma ubona amehlo omntanakho ewela, khuluma nodokotela wezingane, ongase futhi atusa ukubonisana ne-ophthalmologist yezingane.

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Izimpawu Zezimbombo Ebomvu

Lapho ingane yakho igula, njengephunga eligijima, ukukhwehlela noma umkhuhlane, wazi kanjani ukuthi ukutheleleka ngegciwane lesandulela ngculaza noma into engathí sina?

Yiziphi izimpawu okufanele uzikhathaze ngazo?

Fever

Iningi labazali bakhathazeka ngomkhuhlane, kodwa ukuthi umkhuhlane awukutshelanga kanjani ukuthi ugula kanjani ingane yakho. Ingane ingaba nokushisa kwama-102 noma ama-103 degrees F ngesifo esibandayo noma esinye isifo sofuba, kodwa kungenzeka sisadla futhi siphuze futhi silele kahle futhi singase singaguli kakhulu. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ingane ingagula kakhulu nge-fever low-grade fever noma ngisho nomkhuhlane nhlobo.

Ngakho esikhundleni sokukhathazeka ngokushisa kwangempela, cabangela ezinye izimpawu zomntwana wakho uma enesifo somkhuhlane. Izimpawu zingase zibandakanye inkinga yokuphefumula, ukuba yindlala, ukucindezela ngokweqile futhi kunzima ukududuza, noma ukweqa ukuphakelayo. Umkhuhlane ungase uphazamise uma kunzima ukulawula, njengokungathi awuveli nhlobo ngemuva kokunika ingane yakho umthengisi we-fever, njenge-Tylenol.

Kufanele uvame ukubiza ingane yakho noma ufune usizo lwezokwelapha uma usana lwakho luyi:

• Izinyanga ezintathu kuya kwezinyanga eziyisithupha ubudala futhi unezinga lokushisa noma ngaphezulu kuka-101 F (38.3 C)
• Izinyanga eziyisithupha kuya kwezinyanga eziyishumi nambili ubudala futhi zinezinga lokushisa noma ngaphezulu kuka-103 F (39.4 C)

Izimpawu Zezimbombo Ebomvu

Ezinye izimpawu okufanele ziphakamise ifulegi elibomvu okungenzeka ingane yakho idinga ukunakekelwa okusheshayo kufaka phakathi:

• Ukuhlanza okuluhlaza (okuluhlaza okomnyama) - Lokhu kungaba uphawu lokuvimbela emathunjini
• Ukuhuda kwesisu
• Ukuphefumula okusheshayo
• Ukukhwehlela njalo, ukuze ingane yakho ingakwazi ukuphefumula phakathi kokukhwehlela
• Ukuvuthwa noma isifo sohudo esiholela ekusenikeni kwamanzi
• Ukuba okhululekile noma okunzima ukuvuka
• Ukuzizwa
• I-fontanel ekhulayo (indawo elula)
• Ukuqhuma kwe-skin non-blanching (ukuqhuma okungahambi uma ucindezela kuso) - Ukushisa kwe-skin non-blanching, ngokungafani nalawo egatsha, kungaba i-petechiae, amaphoyinti amancane aphuma ngaphansi kwesikhumba

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Isaziso Sokuphepha - Izisulu Zesihlalo Sezimoto

Ukubeka umntwana esihlalweni semoto kubonakala sengathi kufanele kube lula. Esikhundleni salokho, kulula kakhulu ukwenza iphutha elingashiya ingane yakho evikelekile kancane kunalokho okufanele ibe khona.

Emuva Ukubhekene Nemikhawulo Yezihlalo Zezimoto

Enye yeziphambeko ezivamile abazali abazenzayo ukuthi aziqondi iziqondiso zokuhlala emotweni zakamuva: Izinsana nezinsana kufanele zigibele esihlalweni semoto esibhekene nomuva (esihlalweni semoto esibhekene nezingane ezisemuva noma esihlalweni semoto esibhekene naso ngemuva) kuze kube yilapho beneminyaka emibili ubudala noma baze bafinyelele isisindo nokuphakama kwemikhawulo yemoto yabo. Nakuba lokhu kusho ukuthi ezinye izinsana nezincane ezisencane zingase zidingeke ziphothule esihlalweni semoto esibhekene nesimo esibheke emuva, kunezihlalo eziningana zezinsana ezisezingeni eliphakeme, umkhawulo wesisindo esiphakeme, 30 kuya ku-35 okufanele ufike ekulandelayo imoto yokuphepha kwesihlalo semoto.

Uma ubukeza amashadi okukhula kwezingane, uzobona ukuthi ezinye izingane zifinyelela amapremu angama-20, umkhawulo wesisindo sezihlalo eziningi zemoto zodwa, ezinyangeni ezingu-6 kuya kwezi-7. Lezi zingane kufanele zihambe zisuka esihlalweni senqola yemoto yenkampani yenkampani yenkampani yenkampani, bese ihlala esihlalweni semoto esibhekene naso eseceleni. Isihlalo somoto esiphendukekayo singaba nomkhawulo wesisindo esibhekene nomuva kuze kube ngamapounds angu-35 kuya kwangu-45, ngakho-ke kuzokuvumela ukuthi ugcine ingane yakho yangakapheli ibuke ngosuku lokuzalwa kwakhe lwesibili.

Iziphambeko Zezihlalo Zezimoto

Ezinye iziphambeko zokuhlala emotweni abazali abazenzayo zihlanganisa:

• Ukubeka i-car harness straps endaweni engafanele noma ukuyivumela ukuba ikhululeke kakhulu
• Ukubeka isiqeshana se-harness esifubeni endaweni engafanele
• Ukungasebenzisi uhlelo lwe-LATCH ngendlela efanele
• Ukugqoka ingane yabo esembatho esindayo noma ukumboza ngengubo enkulu bese bebeka i-harness egqoke ingubo ebusika esihlalweni semoto
• Ukubeka ingane esihlalweni semoto esingalungile noma isikhundla esingalungile emotweni, isibonelo ngokubhekene nokubhekene nokubheke phambili
• Ukubeka isihlalo semoto emntwaneni esihlalweni sangaphambili uma kunomoya we-airbag

Uma ungaqiniseki uma usebenzisa isihlalo sakho semoto ngendlela efanele, cabanga ukuthola ukuhlolwa kwesitifiketi semoto esiteshini somlilo esendaweni (kungatholakali ngaso sonke isikhathi) noma uvakashele isiteshi sokuhlola esiphezulu semoto. Udokotela wezingane kanye nabasebenzi bayo bangakusiza ukuthi uthole indawo yokuhlola uma ungavamile ukuthi awukwazi ukuthola wena. Abazali abaningi-ngisho nabazali abanezingane-bayamangala lapho bezwa ukuthi kunezinguquko abangayenza endleleni ababeka ngayo ingane yabo esihlalweni semoto esiholela ekukhulekeleni okukhulu. Uma le nkonzo inikezwa emphakathini wakho, kuyindlela elula kakhulu ongayithatha ukuqinisekisa ukuphepha kwengane yakho.

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Ukubambisana kwabakwaSibin

Uma unezingane ezindala, kungenzeka ukuthi ube neviki eliyinkinga noma amabili uma uletha ekhaya lakho elisha.

Kuncike eminyakeni yobudala bezinye izingane zakho, cishe lokhu kwakuhlanganisa ukuklabalaza nokukhala okungaphezulu, ukuguqula ekuthuthukisweni (ukuthungula umbhede, ukwenqaba ukusebenzisa izithako, ukushisa izingozi zamalanga, nokuningi komhawu).

Ukulungiselela izingane zakho umntwana omusha cishe kukusize ukuvimbela nokunciphisa noma yikuphi ukuzwelana komntakwethu-okungenani kulezi zinyanga ezimbalwa zokuqala.

Ngeshwa, manje ukuthi ingane yakho ivuke kaningi phakathi nosuku, kungenzeka ukuthi uthatha isikhathi sakho esiningi, okungaholela ezinkingeni eziningi ngisho nakabantakwethu. Lokhu kwenza kubaluleke kakhulu kunanini ngaphambili ukuthi uthathe isikhathi sokusiza ezinye izingane zakho zilungiselele kuba ngabadala noma odade, okufaka phakathi:

• Ukuba nezingane zakho zisiza ngezindlela ezifanele ubudala, ezifana nokubamba ingane, ukuthola izindiza, ukubeka izingubo, nezinye izinto zokusebenza
• Ukuqhubeka nokulungele izinguquko nokuvuselela ekuziphatheni kwengane yakho nentuthuko, njengokungathi uthukuthele noma ube nezingozi ezithile kulabo abasha abaqeqeshiwe nje nje
• Ukukhuthaza abangani nomndeni ukuba bachithe isikhathi nabanye abantwana bakho lapho behlinzeka ukusiza ingane, noma ubavumela ukuba basize ingane ukuze ube nesikhathi esengeziwe sabanye abantwana bakho
• Ukunamathela kumigomo yakho evamile ngangokunokwenzeka, kuhlanganise nezikhathi zokudla, ama- naps , nezinkathi zokulala
• Ukubeka eceleni isikhathi esithile esithile esikhethekile njalo ngangokunokwenzeka nezingane zakudala, ngisho noma kungama-5 noma 10 imizuzu ngosuku

Khumbula ukuthi kusadingeka ukuthi uqondise ezinye izingane zakho, ikakhulukazi ezincane nezintwana ezineminyaka eyishumi nesithupha ubudala uma zibamba noma zidlala nomfowenu noma udadewabo omncane.

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Ingabe Kudingeka Ube Nesikhathi Eside Kangakanani Ukugcina Ukubhoboza Umntanakho?

Iningi labazali kubonakala sengathi liyeka ukubhoboza izingane zabo lapho zinezinyanga eziyisithupha ubudala ubudala, njengoba izingane ezineminyaka engaphansi kwezinyanga eziyisithupha zivame ukuzifundela.

Uma uqaphela ukuthi ingane yakho igoqa eyedwa ngaphambi kwalesi sizukulwane, ungase uyeke ukubhoboza ingane yakho ezinyangeni ezintathu noma ezine. Ukunikela nge-burping kungase kusebenze uma sekuvele kunzima ukuthola ingane yakho iqhube futhi kubonakala sengathi yenza kahle, ngaphandle kwegesi eningi, ukukhathazeka noma ukuphalaza.

Ezinye izingane zigcwala umoya kancane kunabanye uma zidla, ikakhulukazi njengoba zikhula, ngakho-ke akudingeki ukuba ziqhube ngemuva kokudla njalo njengoba ezinye izingane zizenza.

Uma uyeka ukumisa ingane yakho futhi uqala ukuphahlaza noma usebenze uma udla ngemva kokudla, qhubeka uqala ukumbamba ngamasonto ambalwa noma izinyanga ezimbalwa.

Khumbula ukuthi ezinye izinsana zidinga ukubhoqwa phakathi kokuphakelayo. Uma ngabe ingane yakho ivulekile, kungase kusho ukuthi idinga ukugubha. Ukukhala kubangela ukuthi izingane zigwinye umoya futhi, kanti uma ingane yakho ikhala, kungase kudingeke ukuba iqhutshwe ngisho noma ingazange idliwe.

> Imithombo

• > Kliegman, uRobert M., uBonita Stanton, uSt Geme III uJoseph W., uNine Felice. Schor, uRichard E. Behrman, noWaldo E. Nelson. UNelson Bookbook of Pediatrics. I-20th Edition . Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier, 2015. Phrinta.
• > Sauber-Schatz, E., Thomas, A., Cook, L., CDC. Ukuphahlazeka Kwezimoto, Imiphumela Yezokwelapha, kanye Nezindleko Zezibhedlela Phakathi Kwezingane Ezikhulile Iminyaka Eyi-1-12 - IsiPhumo se-Crash Outcome Data Assessment System, 11 States, 2005-2008. Ukulimala nokufa Kwamaviki onke: Umbiko Wokuqapha . 2015. 64 (8): 1-32