Yini ejwayelekile, Okungajwayelekile, nokuthi Kungani
Ukuhlaziywa kwesikhumba ukuhlolwa okubalulekile kokubambisana kwabantu abashadile, futhi ukuhlolwa kufanele kwenziwe ngaphambi kwanoma yikuphi ukwelashwa (ngisho "ne- clomid " kuphela) enqunyiwe. Amadoda amaningi abhekene nokukhathazeka ngenxa yokuhlolwa - futhi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, phezu kwemiphumela. Udokotela wakho uzochazela imiphumela yakho kuwe, futhi ngoba ama-laboratory ezahlukene nodokotela bangasebenzisa amabanga ajwayelekile ajwayelekile, lokho udokotela wakho akubona njengokujwayelekile noma okungavamile kungase kuhluke kulokho okuthola kulesi sihloko nakwezinye izindawo kwi-intanethi.
Ngalokho kusho, nansi izici zempilo yezinsikazi ezivame ukuhlaziywa ekuhlaziyweni kwesilisa, izindinganiso zabo ezijwayelekile ngokwemihlahlandlela ye-World Health Organization ka-2010, futhi yimiphi imiphumela engavamile engase isho.
Iziqondiso ze-World Health Organization zisekelwe kuma-percentiles, asekelwe eqenjini lamadoda abelethe izingane ngonyaka noma ngaphansi. Izinombolo ezamukelekayo ezincane zimelela ama-percentile angu-5 kuleli qembu. Ngamanye amazwi, amaphesenti angaphansi kwamaphesenti amahlanu wabantu ababelethe ingane ngonyaka odlule babe nemilinganiselo ye-parameter yesilinganiso ngaphansi kwalezi zinhlamvu.
| Ipharamitha | Izilinganiso Zezansi Eziphansi |
|---|---|
| Ivolumu yomsindo (ml) | 1.5 (1.4 kuya ku-1.7) |
| Ingqikithi yobuningi besilisa (10 ^ 6) | 39 (33 kuya ku-46) |
| Ukuxilongwa kwesidumbu (10 ^ 6 / ml) | 15 (12 kuya ku-16) |
| Ingqikithi ye-motility (amaphesenti) | 40 (38 kuya ku-42) |
| Motility okuqhubekayo (iphesenti) | 32 (31 kuya ku-34) |
| Ubuningi (amaphesenti) | 58 (55 kuya ku-63) |
| I-sperm morphology (amaphesenti) | 4 (3 kuya ku-4) |
Lokho kusho ukuthi ukuba nezinombolo ezingcono noma ezimbi akusho ukuthi uzokwazi noma ngeke ukwazi ukuzala ingane. Amapharamitha wezinsizi yiziqondiso nje zokucabangela lapho uphenya ukuthi yini engabangela ukungasebenzi.
I-Semen Ejaculate Volume
Kuyini : inhlama yenziwe okungaphezu nje kwesidoda.
Empeleni, ngaphansi kwamaphesenti angu-5 wezinambuzane zakhiwa isilisa.
Isilwane esinempilo sihlanganisa uketshezi oluvela ku-testes (okuyinto lapho i-sperm ivela khona), kusukela ku-vesicles yemisipha (ehlanganisa izakhi ezibalulekile ze-sperm), kusukela ku-prostate gland (efaka amanzi oketshezi e-zinc ukugcina ukuqina kwe-DNA ye-sperm) , futhi kusukela ezigulini ze-bulbourethral (eziqukethe i-mucus ukusiza udoba ukugeza).
Okucatshangwa Okujwayelekile : I-ejaculate yesimiso evamile iphakathi kuka-1.5 milliliters kuya kwezigidigidi ezingu-6 zamanzi. Lokhu cishe ingxenye eyodwa kwezintathu zesipuni isipuni esingaphezu kwe-isipuni.
Okungenzeka Kungalungile Uma Imiphumela Engavamile : Ivolumu ye-semen ephansi ingabangelwa ukuvinjelwa kwe-vas deferens (umzila othela umuthi kusuka kwamathambo kuya ku-urethra), ukungabikho noma ukuvinjelwa kwe-vesicle ye-seminal, i-retrograde ye-ejaculation, noma ukungalingani kwe-hormonal.
Umthamo ophansi ungase ubangelwe ukucindezeleka phezu kokuhlolwa . (Khuluma nodokotela wakho uma lokhu kuyiqiniso kuwe.) Ivolumu ephakeme ngokungavamile ingabangelwa ukuvuvukala kwezigulane zokuzala.
Ingqikithi yenombolo yesipelingi
Kuyini : Lena inombolo ephelele yesidumbu esitholakala kwisampula semini enikeziwe.
Okucatshangwa Okujwayelekile : Mayelana no-39,000,000 (noma 39 x 10 ^ 6) isidoda nge-ejaculate kuthathwa njengomkhawulo owamukelekile ophansi.
Ukuba nesibalo esincane esingaphansi kwesidalwa ngezinye izikhathi kuthiwa yi-oligospermia. Uma kungabikho amaseli wesilisa atholakele, lokhu kubizwa nge-azoospermia.
Okungenzeka Kungalungile Uma Imiphumela Engavamile : Ukuba nesibalo sembewu esincane singabonisa izinkinga eziningana, kuhlanganise ne- varicocele , ukutheleleka, izinkinga zempilo ezingapheli noma ezingenakubonwa njengesifo sikashukela noma isifo se-celiac , izinkinga zokujula njenge- retrograde ejaculation , izinkinga zokuhamba, ukungalingani kwamakhompiyutha, nokuchayeka izinto ezinobuthi.
Ukubala okungavamile kwe-sperm kungabuye kubangelwe imithi ethile, ukugula kwakamuva okuhambisana ne-fever high, kanye nokuvezwa kwe-scrotum ukushisa (njengeshubhu esishisayo).
Ukubhema, ukukhuluphala, nokudakwa ngokweqile kuye kwahlanganiswa nokubalwa kwesidoda. Ngokuvamile, imbangela yokubala kwesidoda esincane ayitholakali.
I-Azoospermia ingabangelwa inkinga yokudoba, ukungalingani kwe-hormonal, noma inkinga ngezivivinyo.
Isibungu Ukugxila
Kuyini : Ukuxilongwa kwe-sperm kuyinombolo yesidoda esitholakala ku-milliliter eyodwa yesilwane.
Okucatshangwa Okujwayelekile : Kumele okungenani kube ngu-15,000,000 (noma u-15 x 10 ^ 6) isidoda ngasinye nge-millimeter.
Okungenzeka Kungalungile Uma Imiphumela Engavamile : Ukuhlushwa kwe-sperm ephansi kungase kube yingxenye yesibalo esiphezulu se-sperm, noma ingahlobene nomthamo we-ejaculate ephakeme ngokungavamile. Bona ngenhla ukuze uthole okuningi kulezi zinkinga ezimbili.
Motility
Kuyini : i-Motility yi-percentage yesidoda esihambayo. Ukuze ukukhulelwa kwenzeke, isidoda kufanele sibheke ipheshana elibelethayo ukuze lihlangabezane neqanda. Ukukwazi ukugibela lapho uya khona kubalulekile. Ingqikithi ye-motility ibhekisela kunoma yikuphi ukunyakaza, kanti i-motility eqhubekayo ibhekisela ekuhambeni phambili emgqeni noma kumbuthano omkhulu.
Okucatshangwa Okuvamile : Okungenani amaphesenti angu-40 wesilisa kufanele ahambe, futhi okungenani amaphesenti angu-32 kufanele agijime ngokuhamba phambili noma emibuthanweni emikhulu.
Okungenzeka Kungalungile Uma Imiphumela Engavamile : I-Asthenozoospermia yigama elisetshenziselwa umpofu wesilisa ompofu . Ukuntuleka kwesidoda sezinambuzane kungahle kubangelwe ukugula, imithi ethile, ukwehluleka kokudla okunomsoco, noma imikhuba emibi yezempilo njengokubhema. Izimbangela eziningi ze-sperm count zingaphinda zibangele imimoya empofu. (Bheka ngenhla.) Ngokuvamile imbangela ayitholakali.
Ukukhubazeka noma Ubuningi
Kuyini : Ukuqina kwesibalo kubhekisela kumaphesenti wesidoda esiphilayo esampula sowesilisa. Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu ukukala uma umuthi wezinambuzane uphansi, ngakho umahluko phakathi kwesimo esiphila esingaphakathi ne-motile nesidoda esifile.
Yini Okucatshangwa Yokwejwayelekile : Okungenani amaphesenti angu-58 amangqamuzana wesilisa kufanele asebenze.
Okungenzeka Kungalungile Uma Imiphumela Engavamile : I- Necrozoospermia yigama elisetshenzisiwe lapho wonke umuthi wesampula wesilisa usufile. Kunezimbangela ezihlukahlukene ze-necrozoospermia, kufaka phakathi izinto eziningi ezifanayo ezingabangela isibalo esiphansi sembewu. (Bheka ngenhla.)
Ukusebenzisa i-lubricant ephephile engekho-fertility noma ikhondomu ejwayelekile ingabulala isidoda, ngisho noma ingenayo i-spermicide. Qinisekisa ukudalula kudokotela wakho uma usebenzisa i-lubricant noma ikhondomu evamile ukuze ukhiqize isampula sakho sembewu. Kukhona amakhemikhali avunyelwe ukuzala nokukhethekile amakhondomu atholakalayo ukuqoqwa kwamasampula wesilisa. Buza udokotela wakho ngolwazi oluthe xaxa.
I-Morphology
Kuyini : I-sperm morphology ibhekisela ekujuleni kwamasamu esilisa. I-laboratory yezobuchwepheshe ihlolisisa isampula sowesilisa, ihlolwe ukubona ukuthi yiziphi amaphesenti anomumo ojwayelekile. Inhloko, emaphakathi nesigaba nomsila ihlolwe, kanye nezilinganiso kanye nobukhulu phakathi komunye.
Ngaphambi kuka-2010, i-World Health Organization yayinezidingo ezahlukene zesidakamizwa okufanele zibhekwe njenge "evamile" ngesimo. Ama-Labs kungenzeka ukuthi ahlolisise i-sperm morphology ngokusho kwe-WHO criteria, noma yini eyaziwa ngokuthi yi-Kruger's Strict criteria.
Kodwa-ke, imihlahlandlela ka-2010 ye-WHO ikhuthaza ukusetshenziswa kwe-Kruger's Strict criteria, ngokusekelwe kocwaningo lukaDkt. TF Kruger noDkt R. Menkeveld. Khuluma nodokotela wakho ukuthola ukuthi basebenzisa isikhathi esiphelelwe yisikhathi se-WHO noma i-criteria kaKruger.
Okubhekwa Kujwayelekile : Okungenani amaphesenti angu-4 kufanele abe nesimo esijwayelekile.
Okungenzeka Kungalungile Uma Imiphumela Engavamile : I-Teratozoospermia yiyona inkulumo esetshenziselwa ukukhubazeka kwesimo se-sperm morphology. I-poor morphology ye-sperm ingaba yimbangela yezinto ezifanayo ezingabangela izibalo ezincane zezidakamizwa. (Bheka ngenhla.)
I-sperm morphology ayiqondakali kahle, futhi ngenxa yokuthi ukuhlolwa kuyisimo esizithobayo, izikolo zingahluka ngesampula esisodwa se-semen, kulabhu efanayo, besebenzisa amasu afanayo okufaka amagoli. Uma i-sperm morphology yedwa engavamile, kodwa zonke ezinye izilinganiso zezinja ziwela emingcele evamile, kanti ukuzala komuntu kungase kubhekwe njengokujwayelekile.
Ukuphuka kwamanzi
Kuyini : Uma isilwane sihlanjululwa, sinzima futhi sinama-gelatin. Lokhu kuzokusiza ukuthi ihambisane nomlomo wesibeletho . Ijaji ekugcineni liququzela ukuvumela insimu ukuba ibhukuke kangcono.
Okucatshangwa Okujwayelekile : Isimo kufanele siphumelele emaminithini angu-20 kuya kwangu-30 ekujuleni.
Okungenzeka Kungalungile Uma Imiphumela Yingajwayelekile : Ukuqubuka kwesibindi kungase kubonise inkinga nge-prostate, i-vesicles ye-seminal, noma izigulane ze-bulbourethral, ezaziwa nangokuthi izigulane zesekeli zesilisa.
Uma kwenzeka ukubambezeleka kokuphuza, udokotela wakho angase alandele isilingo sokuhlolwa kwe-post-coital (PCT). Loluhlolo lokuvuna luchaza umsikazi womlomo wesifazane ngemuva kokulala ngokocansi. Uma isidoda sitholakala futhi sihamba ngendlela evamile, ukuphuza ukuphuza okubambezeleka akubheki inkinga.
I-pen pH
Kuyini : i-pen i-pH iyisilinganiso sokuthi i-acidic noma i-alkaline isilwane kanjani. I-seminic vesicle fluid kufanele ibe yi-alkaline engaphezulu, kuyilapho ama-fluid e-prostate kufanele abe acidic. Ngokubambisana, balinganisela ngaphandle kwendoda.
Isimo esicacile kakhulu singabulala isidoda noma sivimbele ukukhulelwa.
Okucatshangwa Okujwayelekile : I-semen kufanele ibe ne-pH enkulu kune-7.2. Njengamanje, akukho ukuvumelanisa ngokuthi isisindo esingaphezulu se-alkaline singathinta kanjani ukuzala, ngakho-ke akukho mkhawulo ophezulu we-pH ngokwemihlahlandlela ye-WHO.
Okungenzeka Kungalungile Uma Imiphumela Engavamile : Ngokuvamile, i-pH ephansi ihambisana nezinye izilinganiso ezingavamile, kufaka phakathi umthamo ophansi wezinambuzane noma izibalo ezincane zezidakamizwa. Lokhu kungase kubhekisele ekuvimbeleni noma ukungabikho kwe-vas deferens.
Ama-White Blood Cell (WBC)
Kuyini : Amhlophe amangqamuzana egazi amangqamuzana alwa nokutheleleka emzimbeni. Zonke izilwane zihlanganisa amangqamuzana amhlophe egazi.
Okucatshangwa Okujwayelekile : Ukubalwa kwamangqamuzana egazi elimhlophe kufanele kube ngaphansi kuka-1,000,000 nge-milliliter yesithombo, noma i-1.0 x 10 ^ 6 nge-ml.
Okungenzeka Kungalungile Uma Imiphumela Engavamile : Inani eliphakeme kunelijwayelekile legazi elibizwa ngokuthi i-leukocytospermia, futhi lingabonisa ukutheleleka. I-Bacterospermia yilapho amazinga amaningi kakhulu amabhaktheriya atholakalayo ku-semen.
Kodwa-ke, amanye amadoda angase abe ne-leukocytospermia futhi angenayo isifo esithathelwanayo noma ukulimala kwesilisa. Noma yikuphi okuvela ngamaphesenti angu-5 ukuya kwangu-20 amadoda ahlolwe angatholakala athola i-leukocytospermia. Kukhona inkolelo yokuthi enye imbangela ebonakalayo ye- bacterospermia ingelashwa ngama-men's infections , nakuba lokhu kungakabonakali okwamanje.
Uma Imiphumela Yakho Engavamile
Umphumela owodwa ongahlaziyi wenzalo wesilisa awuwona uphawu lokuzala komuntu olungaphelele. Ngenxa yokuthi izici eziningi zingabangela umphumela ompofu, okubandakanya ukugula okwamanje noma ngisho nokucindezeleka phezu kovivinyo, udokotela wakho cishe uzophinda ahlaziye isilwane samasonto ambalwa.
Khuluma nodokotela wakho mayelana nokuthi yini ongayilindela ngokulandelayo, futhi qiniseka ukudalula noma yiziphi izimbangela ezimbi emiphakathini (kufaka ukugula okwakamuva, uthando lwezibhubhe ezishisayo noma izihlalo zemoto ezishisayo, inkathazo yokukhiqiza isampula yokuhlaziywa, nayo yonke imithi oyiyo ' okwamanje uthatha.)
> Imithombo:
> Sandro C Esteves, uRicardo Miyaoka, no-Ashok Agarwal. "Ukubuyekezwa kokuhlolwa komtholampilo wesilisa ongenalutho." Imitholampilo (Sao Paulo) . 2011 ngo-Ephreli; 66 (4): 691-700. i-doi: 10.1590 / S1807-59322011000400026.
> I- WHO Laboratory Laboratory for the Ukuhlolwa kanye nokucubungula Human Sperm . Uhlelo lwesihlanu.