Izingane ezizalwe esibhedlela zivame ukugcinwa ekamelweni lokubeletha ngemuva kokuzalwa. Kuye ngezici ezihlukahlukene, kubandakanya impilo ekuzalweni, isisindo, kanye nenani lamasonto wokubeletha, umntwana angase adinge ukunakekelwa okuphambili kakhulu kuhlobo oluhlukile lwezingane zokubeletha. Lezo zikhungo zihlukaniswe yi-American Academy of Pediatrics zibe amazinga amane ngokusekelwe ekunakekeleni ukuthi bahlomele ukuhlinzeka:
- I-Level I: Imithi yokuzalwa esanda kuzalwa
- I-Level II: Izingane zokunakekelwa okukhethekile
- I-Level III: I-neonatal enkulu yokunakekelwa unit ( NICU )
- I-Level IV: Isikhungo sokunakekelwa kwezingane esizimele esiFundazweni (i-NICU yesifunda)
Izikhungo ezinezinyathelo zokunakekelwa kwezingane ezisezingeni eliphansi (NICU), ezinikeza amazinga aphezulu okunakekelwa, zibonise ukuthi zihlangabezana nezindinganiso zokunakekelwa kwezempilo ngokusebenzisa ilayisensi yesifundazwe / isifundazwe noma isitifiketi. abadinga ukunakekelwa okungaphezulu emva kokubeletha bavame ukugcinwa ekamelweni lokunakekelwa kwe-neonatal elikhulu (NICU).
I-Level II Nurseries
Ngenxa yokuthi bazalwa ngamasonto ambalwa wokubeletha, izingane eziningi ezingakabiphi zizodinga ukunakekelwa ezinganeni eziphakeme. Labo abazalwa emasontweni angaphezu kwama-32 kodwa amasonto angaphansi kwama-35 cishe kuzodinga ukunakekelwa ekunakekelweni okukhethekile, noma ezingeni le-Level II. Lezi zindawo zinezikhwama zezingane zokubeletha zeNqanaba I kanye nezibhedlela zesibhedlela, abahlengikazi be-neonatologists kanye nabahlengikazi be-neonatal esiteshini. Unayo imishini namakhono okunakekela izingane ezi:
- Wazalwa ngaphambi kokubeletha kwamasonto angu-32 futhi esilinganiselwa ngaphansi kuka-1500g aze adluliselwe esikhungweni sokunakekelwa okunamandla esiNqanaba III.
- Wazalwa phakathi kwamasonto angu-32 namaviki angu-35 ukubeletha noma asebekhulile futhi anesisindo esingu-1500g noma ngaphezulu
- Ukuphila ngokwemvelo noma ukugula ngokulinganayo ngezinkinga okulindeleke ukuthi zixazululwe ngokushesha
- Akulindelekile ukuthi udinga amasevisi we-subspecialty ngokuphuthumayo
- Ayikwazi ukufudumala eyedwa futhi idinga ukufakwa ku- incubator .
- Ayinamandla okwanele ukuba adle kahle futhi adinga ukudla kwe- NG noma kwe-OG .
- Yiba nezinkinga zempilo ezincane ezihlobene nokuqeda isimo sokuqala , njenge-jaundice noma i-apnea ye-prematurity.
- Uchithe isikhathi esisezingeni le-NICU engu-3 futhi alulame.
Amazinga we-Level 2A no-2B
Izindlu zokunakekelwa ezikhethekile ziphinde ziphule zibe yiNqanaba 2A neNqanaba 2B i-NICU esekelwe uhlobo lokusekelwa okuphefumulayo abanikezayo:
- I-Level 2A I-NICU inqunyelwe uhlobo lokusekelwa kokuphefumula abanganikeza. Awukwazi ukuhlinzeka nge- CPAP noma umoya we-ventilation nhlobo.
- I-NICU ye-Level 2B inganikeza i-CPAP noma umoya we-ventilation ngezikhathi ezincane, ngokuvamile ngaphansi kwamahora angu-24.
Amantombazane azalwa emasontweni angaphansi kuka-32 ukubeletha noma abanesifo esibucayi bazogcinwa esibhedlela se-Level III (NICU). Labo abadinga ukulungiswa kokuhlinzwa kwezimo eziyinkimbinkimbi noma ezitholakalayo bazogcinwa ezingeni eliphezulu kakhulu i-NICU, i-Level IV. Lezi zindawo zokuhlala zihlala ezindaweni ezihlinzekela uhla olugcwele lwezinsizakalo zezokwelapha zezokwelapha ezisezingeni eliphansi.
Umthombo:
I-American Academy ye-Pediatrics Committee ye-Fetus ne-Newborn. Isitatimende Somgomo: Izinga Lokunakekelwa Kwangasese. " I-Pediatrics Nov. 2004. 114: 1341-1346.