Ukuqonda Izingozi Nokulingana ku-ICON Neonatal
Ukumpontshelwa ngegazi kuyindlela evamile lapho igazi elinikeziwe linikezwa isiguli ngokusebenzisa umugqa ofakwe emthonjeni. Ikhuluma ngokufanele lapho inqubo isenziwa kumuntu omdala. Uma kwenzeka kumntwana, ikakhulukazi ekunakekeleni okunamandla kakhulu kwe-neonatal (NICU), kungase kube nzima kakhulu.
Izizathu Zokudluliswa Kwegazi ku-NICU
Ezimweni eziningi, ukusetshenziselwa igazi kusetshenziselwa ukwandisa inani lamaseli abomvu aphethe i-oksijini emathisini omzimba, kuhlanganise nobuchopho nenhliziyo.
Ukuthuthwa kwemfucuza kunganikezwa njengamaseli egazi abomvu (PRBC) noma njengegazi eliphelele. Ingxenye ngayinye yegazi ingabuye iphindwe, njengokwandisa inani lamaplatelet ukusiza ukuyeka ukuphuma kwegazi.
Ku-NICU, izinsana zinganikezwa ngegazi elibomvu seligazi ngenxa yezizathu eziningana. Kungase kudingeke esimweni esiphuthumayo ukufaka esikhundleni sokulahlekelwa kwegazi kusuka egazini elilodwa ngaphandle kokushaqeka noma ukufa okungenzeka kwenzeke. Ngokuvamile, i-blood is transfused ukuphatha izimpawu ezibangelwa i-anemia, njenge-apnea noma i-bradycardia evame ukubonwa ezinganeni zangaphambi kwesikhathi .
Izingozi
Ngenxa yokuthi i-donor igazi ihlolwe ngokucophelela namuhla, ukumpontshelwa igazi kubhekwa njengendlela ephephile kakhulu emazweni amaningi athuthukile. Ingozi yokuthola i-HIV ekumpomeni kwegazi, isibonelo, isisodwa sezigidi ezimbili. Ngokufanayo, ingozi ye-hepatitis B iye yanciphisa eyodwa ku-171,000.
Izindlela zamabhange zanamuhla zivumela ukuthi igazi elinikeziwe ligcinwe ngasese isikhathi eside lapho kwenzeka ukuphuthumayo okubandakanya wena noma ilunga lomndeni.
Lo mkhuba uye wanciphisa ingozi yezinkinga ezithandweni zokunciphisa ngokunciphisa inani labaxhasi ingane evezwe kuyo.
Phakathi kwezinkinga ezingase zibe khona kukhona ukusabela kwegazi okungahle kwenzeke, noma ngabe kuningi kangakanani, ezinganeni ezisanda kuzalwa.
Izinzuzo zeTransfusion kumaNsana
Ngokusobala, lapho kunikezwe ukwethuka noma ukwelashwa okukhulu kwegazi, ukumpontshelwa igazi kungasindisa impilo.
Ezinye izinzuzo angeke zibe sobala futhi zibandakanya:
- Ukudla okuthuthukisiwe
- Ukucindezeleka okungaphansi kokuphefumula
- I-apnea encane (lapho ukuphefumula kuphazanyiswa khona)
- Ukuhlukunyezwa okuncane ebuchosheni (ngenxa yokungabi khona kwe-oxygen)
- Ukukhishwa kwe-NICU ngaphambili
Ukunikeza Igazi Lomntwana Wakho
Uma wena nomntanakho ninalo hlobo olufanayo lwegazi, ungakwazi ukunikela ngegazi lakho ngokufaka igazi. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi umnikelo oqondisiwe. Nakuba kubalulekile, kunemikhawulo enkambweni engakushiya njengophothiwe. Phakathi kwazo:
- Ukumpontshelwa akukwazi ukusetshenziselwa okuphuthumayo ngokushesha. Njengawo onke ama-blood donations, iminikelo eqondiswayo ithatha isonto noma amabili ukulungiselela.
- Awukwazi ukunikela uma usanda kuhambisa ingane. Amama-Postpartum kumele alinde amasonto ayisithupha kuya kwangu-8 ngaphambi kokuba noma yikuphi ukunikela ngegazi kuvunyelwe.
- Kudingeka ube nempilo enhle. Njengomthetho, abaxhasi begazi kufanele babe ngaphezu kweminyaka engu-17 futhi banesisindo okungenani amapremu angu-110. Inhlolovo yezempilo ejulile yenziwa ngendlela evamile ukuze kunqunywe ukuthi ngabe umuntu ofake isicelo uyakwazi yini ukunikela.
- Kuzodingeka ukhokhe izindleko zenqubo. Iningi lokuqinisekisa ukuthi ngeke limboze izindleko zomnikelo oqondisiwe. Njengalokhu, kuzodingeka ukhokhe izindleko zokuhlolwa kwelebhu kanye nalabo abahambisana nerekhi yangempela kanye neqoqo legazi.
> Imithombo:
> Bell, E. "Ngesikhathi sokudlulisa izingane zakuqala." I-Arch Dis-Child Ingane Yokubeletha Ne-Neonatal Ed. 2008; 93 (6) F469-F473.
> Von Kohorn, I. no-Ehrenkranz, R. "I-anemia enganeni yokuqala: I-Erythropoietin ne-erythrocyte ukumpontshelwa - Akulona lokho okulula." I-Perinatology yemitholampilo. 2009; 36 (1): 111-123.