Ukuqothulwa kuvamile kodwa kuyaphathwa ezinsaneni
Ukuqokwa kuyinkinga evamile ezinganeni nasezingane futhi kuyisizathu sokuba cishe amaphesenti amathathu okuvakashela kudokotela wezingane. Yini okudingeka ukwazi nokuthi yiziphi zokwelapha ezitholakalayo?
Incazelo
Ukuqothulwa kuvame ukuchazwa ngokuthi kunezinyathelo ezinzima ezihamba ngamathumbu ezinzima futhi ezibuhlungu. Lokhu kuvame ukubhekana nabantwana abadala kanye nabantu abadala, kodwa incazelo ihluke kakhulu ezinsaneni.
Izinsana ezicindezelayo noma ezibuhlungu uma zihamba ngokunyakaza kungenzeka ukuthi aziqediwe uma izithambile zazo zilula, ngisho noma zinezinyanga ezimbili noma ezintathu kuphela. Kubuye kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi izinsana eziningi ezibelethwe ngamabele kuphela zihamba ngokunyakaza kanye kanye ngesonto noma ezimbili.
Nakuba kunezimbangela ezithile zokwelapha, njengokugula kukaHirschsprung, i-cystic fibrosis, ne-hypothyroidism, izingane eziningi eziqothukile zikhona empilweni ejwayelekile. Izimpawu zokuxwayisa ezingase zibonise isimo esibi kakhulu esikhona sikhona ukufaka ukuhlanza, ukulahlekelwa isisindo, ukunyuka kwesisindo, ukukhulelwa, ukuvalelwa kwesisu, ukufisa ukudla, noma ukuxiliswa kakhulu kusukela ekuzalweni.
Izimbangela
Enye yezinto eziphazamisayo kubazali uzama ukuqonda izimbangela zokuqokwa kwengane yabo. Nakuba abanye abazali beqonda indima yobisi obuningi kakhulu, ukudla okuncane e- fiber , nokuphuza okwanele uketshezi okwanele kunomthelela ekuqothulweni, bangase babe nezinye izingane ezinokudla okufanayo ezingabonakali.
Ngaphezu kokudla kwengane yakho, esinye isici esiyinhloko esibangelwa ukuqothulwa sinokunyakaza okunamandla kokugaya. Lokhu kwenzeka kaningi ngemuva kokuba ingane ikwazi ukunyakaza okukhulu, okunzima nokubuhlungu kwesisu. Ngenxa yokuthi angase ahlobanise ukunyakaza kwesisu ngokubuhlungu ngemva kwalolu phiko, uzozama ukubamba izihlalo zakhe.
Lokhu kudala umjikelezo ononya lapho ukuhamba komzimba kuhlungu khona, ngakho uyabamba, okwenza izihlalo zakhe zibe zikhudlwana futhi zikhudlwana, okubangela ubuhlungu obukhulu uma ekugcineni kudlula.
Abazali abaningi baphutha iphutha lokuziphatha izingane ezithuthuka ukuze zibambe esitokisini njengoba zihlukumezeka ukuba zibe nokunyakaza kwamathumbu, kodwa ngokuvamile, ziqinisile izintuthwane zabo noma zihlwitha njengomzamo wokubamba isisindo sayo futhi zigweme ukunyakaza okubangela ubuhlungu.
Esinye imbangela evamile yokuqothulwa kanye nezihlalo ezithintekayo kuba nesipiliyoni esibi ngokuqeqeshwa kwamanzi .
Ukuqokwa kuyatholakala kaningi ezinganeni ezinesidingo esikhethekile , njenge-spina bifida, i-Down syndrome, ne-cerebral palsy, futhi ingaba nemiphumela emibi yemithi eminingi.
Ukwelapha
Izingane ezisencane nezinsana ezinokuqotshwa kufanele zihlolwe ngokucophelela yizingane zabo. Ukondla okungahambi kahle kungabangela ukuphelelwa amandla kwamanzi nokuqothulwa, ngakho-ke ukuhlaziywa kwemikhuba yokudla kwezingane zakho nokuqinisekisa ukuthi uthola isisindo ngokujwayelekile kubalulekile.
Futhi, khumbula ukuthi izinsana ezithandwa ngamabele kuphela aziqabuki. Ukunyakaza okungekho emzimbeni akusho ukuthinteka uma izitshalo zezingane zakho zilula lapho ekugcineni zidlula eyodwa.
Uma usana lwakho oludala luqothulwa ngempela, ukwelashwa kokuqala ngokuvamile kubandakanya ukuwanikeza amanzi engeziwe noma ukuphazamiseka, i-100% yamaphesenti esithelo sesithelo kanye kanye noma kabili ngosuku.
Ukwelashwa okuvamile okusetshenziselwa abazali kwengeza isiraphu yeKaro noma amanye ama-syrups okukhanya noma amnyama emabhodleleni amantombazane awo. Nakuba lokhu kuvame ukudikibala ngenxa yengozi ye-botulism, i-American Academy of Pediatrics ibika ukuthi kuphephile ukuyenza. Uma kunika ifomula, ukushintshela kumfomula we- soy kungase kube usizo nakwezinye izikhathi, uma nje ingane yakho ingenayo i-soy allergies.
Imithi esetshenziselwa ukwelashwa izinsana ezincane nezinsana ezinokuqotshwa ngokuvamile zikhawulelwe ku-Colace, maltsupex, lactulose, kanye nokusetshenziswa kwesinye isikhathi se-glycerin suppository.
Ukwelashwa Kwezokudla Ukuqokwa
Umgomo omkhulu ekuphatheni ukuqothulwa kungenxa yokuthi ingane yakho ibe nokunyakaza okuhamba kahle kwamathumbu nsuku zonke.
Enye yezindlela eziyinhloko zokuvimbela nokwelapha ukuqothulwa ngokuguqula ukudla komntanakho. Lokhu kuhlanganisa nokunciphisa ukudla okuqabulayo, kubandakanya ubisi lwezinkomo, ubhanana, i-yogurt, ushizi, izaqathe eziphekwe kanye nokunye ukudla okungaphansi kwefiber. Kubantwana abancane nezinsana ezindala abaphuza ubisi obuningi bemfuyo, ubisi olunamafutha aphansi kanye nobisi lwe-soy yizinye izindlela ezingcono, njengoba zivame ukuziqeda kancane kunobisi bezinkomo.
Enye inguquko ebalulekile yokudla yandisa inani le-fibre ekudleni kwengane yakho. Izincomo zamuva ze- fiber zithi izingane kufanele zithole cishe ama-14g we-fibre kuwo wonke amakholori angu-1 000 adla.
Kungasiza ukufunda ukufunda amalebula okudla okunomsoco wokukhetha ukudla okune-fat fat ephezulu e-fiber . Izithelo nemifino , ikakhulukazi uma iluhlaza futhi ingavunyelwe, yizinqumo ezinhle. Imifino ephezulu kakhulu e-fiber ibandakanya ubhontshisi njengezinso, i-navy, i-pinto nobhontshisi bama-lima, amazambane, ama-peas, imifino yokuguqula, utamatisi ohlaza.
Okunye ukudla okulungele izingane ezinokuqotshwa kufaka izobho zemifino (eziningi ze-fiber futhi zenezela uketshezi) kanye ne-popcorn. I-bran eyengeziwe ingaba usizo, kufaka phakathi okusanhlamvu kwe-bran, ama-muffin we-bran, ukolweni obhalwe shredded, ama-grack crackers, nesinkwa sonke sikakolweni .
Kubalulekile ukwandisa inani lamanzi okuphuza ingane yakho ekuphuzeni. Kufanele abe nama-glasses amabili kuya kwamathathu amanzi kanye nesiphuzo sesithelo ngosuku ngalunye. I-Apple, i-pear, ne-prune juice, noma amanye ama-juice aphezulu e-sorbitol, ayizinqumo ezihle, uma nje zi-pasteurized kanye ne-100% yesithelo sesiphuzo sesithelo, hhayi isiphuzo sezithelo.
Izixazululo zokuqokwa
Izinguquko zokudla zithatha isikhathi ukuze ziphumelele, futhi kuze kube yilapho zenza, ingane yakho kuzodingeka ibe esitokisini se-stool. Le mithi ivame ukusetshenziselwa ukwelashwa kwezempilo isikhathi eside futhi ibhekwa njengendlela ephephile, esebenzayo futhi engekho umkhuba wokwenza noma umlutha. Kodwa kufanele ugweme ukusetshenziswa okungapheli kwama-laxatives ashukumisayo, njenge-Bisacodyl, i-ExLax noma i-castor yamafutha. I-laxative yohlobo lwe-osmotic, esebenza ngokudweba uketshezi oluthe xaxa ekoloni ukuze unciphise isitokisi, ngokuvamile kuvame ukusetshenziswa isikhathi eside.
Izixazululo ezisetshenziswa ngokujwayelekile ezinganeni ezisencane zihlanganisa:
- I-Polyethylene glycol (Miralax): I-Miralax iyi-powder engenambitheki futhi engenasici engaxubene namanzi futhi manje etholakala ngaphezulu kwe-counter ngaphandle komuthi.
- Ubisi lwe-magnesia: Ubisi bemagnesia line-magnesium hydroxide, i-laxative ye-osmotic enomuncu omnandi ongavunyelwe yibo bonke abantwana. Kungase kube usizo ukuxuba amathisipuni angu-1-2 we-Tang noma i-Nestle Quick noma uhlanganise no-milkshake.
- Amaminerali amafutha: Amaminerali amaminerali ayinhlanganisela yamakholoni ongaxuba nejusi le-orange. Kubalulekile ukuthi uqaphele ukuthi amafutha ommbiwa angabangela ukuvuza kwesigqoko nokugqoka izingubo zangaphansi, ngakho-ke awusabi uma ubona lokhu.
- I-Docusate: itholakale njenge-Colace ne-Surfak, i-laxative ehlanzayo. Ibuye itholakale ne-laxative evuselelayo emtholampilo wePeri-Colace.
- I-Malt Soup Extract (Maltsupex): I-Maltsupex inephunga elimnandi, kodwa lixubene kalula nefomula yezingane ezincane.
- I-Senokot: I-Senolot iyi-laxative evuselelayo, etholakala njengeSenokot noma uSenokot S ehlanganisa i-laxative ne-softener softener.
- I-Bisacodyl: I-Biscadyl iyi-laxative eshukumisayo esetshenziselwa umphakathi ekhona njenge-Correctol no-Dulcolax.
Eminye imithi etholakala ngomuthi ihlanganisa i-Lactulose, i-laxative ye-osmotic
Ukwengeza kwisitoreji se-stool, kungasiza futhi ukwandisa i-fiber ngokuxuba i-Metamucil noma i-Citrucel ngama-ounces ayisishiyagalombili wamanzi noma ijusi, noma enye i-laxative noma i-fibre supplement. Izithako eziningi ze-fiber manje zitholakala njengamathebhulethi ahlanzekile wezingane, futhi kukhona ngisho ne-fiber gummy supplement.
Ngayiphi yalezi zonyango, khuluma nodokotela wezingane kuqala. Ucwaningo lwamuva lubonisa ukuthi i-polyethylene glycol (Miralax) ingaba ukulungiswa okuphephile kwezinsana nezinsana. Lokho kusho ukuthi zonke izingane zihlukile futhi udokotela wakho wezingane angenza izincomo ezinhle kakhulu ngokusekelwe kolwazi lwakhe olusana lwakho kanye nomlando wakhe wezokwelapha.
Kudingeka Kanjani Ukubhekwa?
Umgomo oyinhloko wokwelapha ukuqotshwa kwengane yakho ukumenza abe nesitembu esithambile nsuku zonke. Ukuze ufeze lokhu, ingane yakho ingase idinge ukuthatha imithi yakhe isikhathi eside, ngokuvamile kuya ezinyangeni ezingu-4 kuya kwezingu-6. Enye yeziphambeko ezinkulu abazali abazenzayo ekunakekeleni ukuqothulwa kwezingane zabo ukuyeka imishanguzo yabo uma beqala ukuba nezithambile. Uma umisa kakhulu kusenesikhathi, ingane yakho ingase iphinde iphinde iphinde iphinde iqede futhi.
Uma ingane yakho ihlala izithambile ezivamile, ungakhuluma nodokotela wakho wezingane mayelana nokunciphisa umthamo we-laxative oyisebenzisayo. Lokhu kuvame ukwenza kancane kancane, ngokuvamile ngokunciphisa umthamo ngamaphesenti angu-25 njalo ezinyangeni ezi-1 kuya kwezingu-2. Ukumisa ngokushesha izidakamizwa kungase kubangele ingane yakho iqale futhi. Kubalulekile futhi ukuqhubeka nokudla kwengane yakho engeyona yokuqeda ngesikhathi nangemva kokumiswa kwesitokisi.
Qinisekisa ukuxoxa ngayo nodokotela wezingane ngaphambi kokuba uqale ingane yakho emithi emisha noma uma ushintsha umthamo wemithi ayenqunyelwe kakade.
Ukwelashwa kokungenzi lutho
Ngenxa yokuthi kaningi kunesisindo esikhulu, esinzima se-stool 'esisekele' emgqeni wengane yakho, ingane yakho ingadinga "ukuhlanzwa" noma ukungabi nandaba ngaphambi kokuba ukwelashwa kokudla nokulondolozwa kusebenze. Lokhu kuvame ukusetshenziswa ngokusebenzisa i-enema noma i-suppository ngaphansi kokuqondiswa kwezingane. Ukungafani nokunye kungenziwa ngokusebenzisa imithi ephakeme yamafutha omaminerali noma i-polyethylene glycol.
Ngokuvamile, izingane ezingaphansi kwezinyanga ezingu-18 zinganikezwa i-glycerine suppository, kodwa kuphela ngaphansi koqondisi wezingane. Izingane eziphakathi kwezinyanga ezingu-18 neminyaka engu-9 zinganikezwa i-Pediatric Fleets enema noma isigamu se-Dulcolax suppository. Izingane ezindala zinganikezwa i-enema ye-Fleets evamile noma yonke i-Dulcolax suppository.
Nokho, kufanele ugweme ukusetshenziswa okuvamile kwe-enema noma i-suppository. Ngezinye izikhathi kudingekile njengendlela 'yokwelashwa' uma ingane yakho ingenayo ukunyakaza kwamathumbu ezinsukwini ezingu-3-4, kodwa uma udinga ukuyisebenzisa njalo, kungenzeka ukuthi udinga ukwandisa umthamo wezintambo ezisezingeni eliphansi wena usebenzisa.
Ukuguqulwa kokuziphatha
Uma izitshalo zezingane zakho sezizithobile futhi zivamile, kubalulekile ukuguqula ukuziphatha kwakhe futhi kumkhuthaze ukuthi abe nokuhamba kwesiguli njalo. Lokhu kuvame ukufaka ukuba ahlale endlini yangasese cishe imizuzu emihlanu emva kokudla kanye noma kabili ngosuku. Ungagcina ishadi ledayari noma isitifiketi lapho ezama ukunyakaza kwesibindi kanye / noma ukuthatha imithi yakhe, bese unikeza umvuzo wokuthobela njalo. Ungazami ukumphoqa ukuba ahlale aze abe nokunyakaza kwesisu.
Izinkinga
Ngaphezu kokubuhlungu, ukuqothulwa kungaholela ekukhunjweni okulinganayo noma izinyembezi esikhumbeni esizungeze i-rectum, ukuphuma kwegazi, ama-hemorrhoids, i-prolapse ye-rectal, nokuthinta. I-Encopresis enye enye inkimbinkimbi yokuqothulwa okungapheli futhi ingabangela ukuvuza okungekho emthethweni okuhambisana nokusebenza kwezixuku ezinkulu zesitokisi.
Nakuba ukuqothulwa kuyimpilo engapheli okuvame ukwelashwa kanzima, ukunyakaza okuhamba ubuhlungu akuyona into ingane yakho okufanele "ifunde ukuhlala nayo." Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ingane yakho kufanele ikwazi ukuhambisa ukunyakaza kwamathumbu njalo ngokudla okunempilo nokwelapha okufanele.
Uma udokotela wezingane zakho engakwazi ukusiza ukuqotshwa kwengane yakho, ungase ufune ukufuna usizo olwengeziwe kusuka ku-gastroenterologist yezingane. Ukudluliselwa kumchwepheshe ubuye umqondo omuhle uma ingane yakho inezibonakaliso zokuxwayisa zesimo esibi kakhulu noma uma ingaphuthuki ngezokwelapha zakho zamanje.
Ngezansi Ngokwelashwa kokuqokwa Kwezingane
Ukuqokwa kwabantwana kuyinto evamile futhi kuvame ukuhlobene nokudla, kanye nokuvinjelwa kwesitokisi lapho ukuqothulwa kubangela ukungakhululeki. Ukwelashwa ngokuvamile kudinga inhlanganisela yezokwelapha futhi kungathatha izinyanga eziningi. Lokho kusho ukuthi kunezinketho eziningi ezitholakalayo. Qinisekisa ukuthi ukhuluma nodokotela wezingane bese uthola okokufaka kanye neseluleko kunoma yiziphi izinguquko zokudla ozenzayo noma imithi oyisebenzisayo.
> Imithombo:
> Gordon, M., MacDonald, J., Parker, C., Akobeng, A., no-A. Thomas. I-Osmotic ne-stimulant Laxatives ye-Management of Childhood Constipation. I-Cochrane Database yezibuyekezo ezihleliwe . 2016. (8): i-CD009118.
> Kliegman, uRobert M., uBonita Stanton, uSt Geme III uJoseph W., uNine Felice. Schor, uRichard E. Behrman, noWaldo E. Nelson. UNelson Bookbook of Pediatrics. I-20th Edition. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier, 2015. Phrinta.
> Amathebhu, M., DiLorenzo, C., Berger, M. et al. Ukuhlolwa nokuPhathwa kweMisebenzi yokuThengiswa kwabasebenzi ezinsaneni naseNtwaneni: Izincomo ezisekelwe ku-ESPGHAN naseNASPHAN. I-Journal ye-Gastroenterology ye-Pediatric ne-Nutrition . 2014. 58 (2): 258-74.