Iviki Lakho Lamaviki Ngamashumi amabili

Nakuba kungekhona ngempela imithetho ephelele noma ehlelekile yalokho okwenza umzali omuhle, lezi ezinye zezinto abantu abaningi abazovuma ukuthi kufanele uyenze 'ngencwadi' lapho ingane yakho ineminyaka engu-4 1/2 ubudala.

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Ngencazelo Yomntwana

• Ukubeletha - uma uhlengikazi, zama ukuncelisa ingane yakho kuphela izinyanga eziyisithupha zokuqala futhi ugweme izithako zamanzi, ifomula noma ijusi. Ingane yakho cishe izobahlengikaza cishe izikhathi ezingu-7 noma ezingu-8 ngosuku manje.
• I-Baby Formula - uma ingayilisi, yondla ingane yakho ngamayunithi angama-24 kuya kwangu-32 efomini lesana eliqiniswe ngensimbi usuku ngalunye.
• Ukuqala ama-solids - i-rice cereal ene-iron-fortified i-rice ingaqala uma ingane yakho isilungile futhi ineminyaka engaba ngu-6 ubudala (ibanga elijwayelekile lokuqala livela ezinyangeni ezingu-4 kuya kwezingu-8).
• Amavithamini - ngaphandle kokuba ingane yakho izalwe ngaphambi kwesikhathi noma ineminye izinkinga zempilo, cishe ngeke kudingeke umnike amavithamini, ngaphandle kwezingane ezibelethwe ngamabele kuphela ezidinga ama-vitamin D amaconsi aqala ngaphambi kokuba abe nezinyanga ezimbili ubudala.
• Emuva Ukulala - ukusiza ukunciphisa ingozi yengane yakho ye-SIDS, qiniseka ukuthi ubeka ukulala kwakho ngemuva kwakhe esikhungweni esiphephile.
• Ukuphepha Ngaphandle - ungasebenzisa ukuphika kwezinambuzane uma ingane yakho ineminyaka engu-2 ubudala, kodwa kungcono ukuyigcina ilanga bese usebenzisa isikrini selanga kuze kube yizinyanga eziyisithupha ubudala.
• Izihlalo Zomntwana - kuze kube yilapho eneminyaka engu-12 ubudala futhi engaphezu kwamakhilogremu angu-20, ingane yakho kufanele ihlale esihlalweni esingaphansi ibheke emuva lapho igibela emotweni.

Izinto Okufanele Uzigweme Ngomntwana Wakho

Okubaluleke kakhulu njengalokho okwenzayo nomntanakho yizinto ongazenzayo, kufaka phakathi kwakho:

• Ungalokothi unyakaze ingane yakho, engabangela ukuba ingane iguquguquke.
• Ungondli ingane yakho ujusi , ubisi lwezinkomo, noma ubisi lwezimbuzi.
• Ungashiyi ingane yakho lapho ingawa khona.
• Ungavumeli ingane yakho ithuluke kakhulu lapho ilele, okuyinto engozini engozini ye-SIDS.
• Ungambulali ingane yakho ngomusi wesimanga.

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Isikhathi sokugeza

Kufanele uzinike kangaki ingane yakho yokugeza ?

Lokhu kungase kubonakale njengombuzo ongenangqondo kwabanye abazali. Ngemuva kwalokho, uma ingane yakho ijabulela isikhathi sayo sokugeza, ukugeza kwansuku zonke cishe umqondo omuhle.

Kodwa ezinye izinsana azifuni ukugeza isikhathi noma isikhumba sabo singase sibonakale soma uma zigeza ngosuku ngalunye.

Zingaki Amabhati?

Ngenhlanhla, ingane yakho cishe ayidingi ngempela ukugeza nsuku zonke. Empeleni, mhlawumbe udinga ukunikeza ingane yakho ukugeza njalo ezinsukwini ezimbili noma ezintathu.

Ezinye izingane, ikakhulukazi lezo eziphalaza kakhulu, zingadinga ukugeza nsuku zonke noma kunjalo. Noma kungenzeka ukuthi udinga nje "ukuhlanza indawo" lezozindawo ezingcolile.

Amabhati kanye Nesikhumba Esomile

Ingabe ukugeza kwansuku zonke ngeke kumile isikhumba somntanakho?

Mhlawumbe, kodwa ngokuvamile ngeke kube njalo uma unesikhathi sokugeza kahle.

Lokhu kungabandakanya ukusebenzisa okuncane, isapuni, isiphuzo esiphundu esingenaswidi, njenge-Aquaphor Gentle Wash for Baby, i-Cetaphil Gentle Skin Cleanser, i-Dove Sensitive Skin Body Wash, noma i-Purpose Gentle Cleansing Wash.

Okunye ukugeza okugeza kubantwana, kungase kube nesipuni mahhala kodwa kungabandakanya iphunga noma ama-dyes angakhubaza isikhumba somntanakho.

Uma ukhetha ibha "isepha," bese ucabangela ukusebenzisa i-Dove Sensitive Skin Unscented Beauty Bar noma i-Cetaphil Gentle Cleansing Bar.

Amabhati kanye nama-Moisturizers

Okubaluleke kakhulu, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi unikeza ingane yakho ukugeza nsuku zonke noma kabili ngesonto, ukusiza ukuvimbela isikhumba sakhe ukuba singomile, kubalulekile ukuphucula isikhumba sakhe kahle.

Futhi indlela engcono kakhulu yokwenza lokho ukumelela isikhumba sakhe masinyane bese usebenzisa umthamo omkhulu kakhulu we-moisturizer konke. Ukukhetha okuhle kuhlanganisa ama-Aquaphor Baby Healing Oil, i-Cetaphil Cream Moisturizing, noma i-Eucerin Original Moisturizing Lotion. Kodwa-ke, isihluthulelo siyasisebenzisa ngenkathi isikhumba sakhe sisesemanzi omncane ukuze asize umgibe kwenye umswakama, okuvame ukusho ukuzama ukusebenzisa umanyolo ngaphakathi kwemizuzu emibili noma emithathu yokuqeda ukugeza.

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Ukuqokwa

Ukunyakaza kwesisu sakho kungase kuqale ukushintsha uma uneminyaka engu-4 kuya kwezingu-5 ubudala.

Lokhu kungaba inkinga uma ingane yakho iqala ukudla okuqinile. Ngokumangazayo kubazali abaningi, irayisi cereal ingaba yindlala.

Kuyini Ukuqokwa?

Esikhundleni sokuthi ingane ihamba kangaki, ukuqothulwa kuvame ukuxilongwa ngokusekelwe ekutheni ukunyakaza kwawo kwamathumba kuqinile kangakanani.

Ngakho-ke uma ingane eneminyaka engu-4 isinezinyathelo ezincane zokuhamba kwamathumbu njalo ezinsukwini ezimbili noma ezintathu, kungenzeka ukuthi aziqhenywanga. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, uma enomzimba omkhulu kakhulu wezinyosi kabili ngosuku olubonakala lubuhlungu futhi lukhuni, noma lufana namabhola amancane, khona-ke.

Ukulula noma ukukhala lapho ingane yakho inomkhuhlane wesibindi akuyona isibonakaliso sokuqothulwa kodwa, ikakhulukazi uma ukunyakaza kwamathumba kulula.

Ukubeletha nokuqashwa

Enye yezinto ezididayo kakhulu kubazali yilapho ingane yabo ebelethwe yodwa iyeka ukunyakaza kwamathumbu nsuku zonke. Lezi zingane zingase zihambe ngokuhamba ngezinkomo 3 noma izikhathi ezine ngosuku ukuze zihambe kanye ngesonto noma ngisho nezinye isonto. Futhi, uma ukuhamba kwawo kwezinyosi kulula uma ekugcineni benalo futhi kungabonakali bakhathazekile yiziphi izimpawu zokuqothulwa, njengokukhathazeka, ubuhlungu besisu, noma ukuqhuma, khona-ke leli phethini cishe livamile.

Ukwelashwa Kwezingane Zengane

Ukwelapha kokuqala kokuqothulwa kwezinsana kubandakanya ukuguqula okusanhlamvu kwerayisi kuya ku-oatmeal eyodwa yokusanhlamvu, ibhali, noma ukolweni wekoroyi, onobuningi obukhulu kune-rice cereal.

Ezinye zokwelashwa ongase uxoxe nazo nezingane zakho zingabandakanya ukunikeza usana lwakho ama-ounces amabili noma amane amanzi noma i-apple ehlanjululwe noma i-prune juice (ingxenye engxubevange nengxenye enamanzi) kanye noma kabili ngosuku.

Umshini wokufakelwa kwezingane ophuza umuthi wezingane futhi ngezinye izikhathi uwusizo ezinganeni ezinokuzibophezela okuphikisanayo, ngokushintshwa ngokuvamile kusuka kwesinye esenziwe ngobisi kuya kufomula ye-soy.

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Ingabe Isizathu Sokukhothama?

Kuyinto ejwayelekile yokuthuthukiswa kwengane ukuthi abantwana baqala ukuthwala isisindo emilenzeni yabo ngezinyanga ezimbili kuya kwezingu-5. Ngeke bakwazi ukuma lapho bebambelele ezintweni baze bafike ezinyangeni ezingu-6 kuya kwezingu-9 ubudala, kodwa kule minyaka, bangakwazi ukubeka isisindo emilenzeni yabo ngenkathi uxhasa umzimba wabo.

Ingabe ukuma ngalesi sikhathi kuholela ekuthomeni imilenze?

Cha. Izinsana eziningi zikhothamise imilenze ngenxa yendlela ababekwa ngayo esibelethweni sikamama ngaphambi kokuba zizalwe. Lokhu kubonakala kukhonjiswe kubonakala ngokukhethekile lapho ingane ihamba futhi ngokuvamile ihamba lapho ineminyaka eyi-15 kuya kwangu-24 ubudala ubudala.

Eqinisweni, imilenze yabo ekhothamayo ingase ibonakale ingalungile ngakho izingane zibonakala ziqothulwa-ziguqa ngenkathi zineminyaka engu-3 noma engu-4 ubudala. Lokhu futhi kuvame ukuhamba ngokwakho ngenkathi ingane ineminyaka emihlanu kuya kweyisishiyagalombili lapho imilenze yengane yakho iyakubonakala iqondile.

Bowlegs

Ukuba ne-bowlegs (genu varum) akuyona into evamile njalo.

Ayikho yalezi zimo ezijwayelekile kakhulu, kodwa zifaka phakathi:

• I-Tibia vara (i-Blount's disease), lapho i-tibia, elinye lamathambo omlenze ophansi lingakhuli kahle
• Ukwehluleka kwe-Vitamin D (ama-rickets)
• Ama-dysplasias ama-skeletal, lapho amathambo angahlali khona ngokuvamile, futhi ngokuvamile afaka phakathi nezinye izinkinga, ezifana nesimo esifushane, ngaphezu kokukhotha imilenze

Esikhundleni sokuphuthuka kancane kancane, njengoba izinsana eziningi ezinezimo ezivamile noma ezomzimba zikhothama, izinsana ezinesifo sezokwelapha ezenza imilenze yazo ekhothamele ziyobe zibi kakhulu. Noma kunjalo, ukuvumela ingane yakho ithwale isisindo emilenzeni yakhe ngeke kubangele ukukhothama.

Khuluma nodokotela wezingane uma ucabanga ukuthi imilenze yakho ekhothamayo yinkinga.

_Imithombo:

_{Behrman: uNelson Textbook of Pediatrics, 17th ed.}

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Ukusebenzisa i-antibiotic

Ababelethi bangase babe nokulindela okuhlukile lapho beya khona beyobona udokotela wezingane lapho ingane yabo igula. Abaningi nje bafuna ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ingane yabo ilungile.

Abanye abazali balindela imithi ye-antibiotic ekuqaleni kokuthi ingane yabo inompheme ophuthumayo noma ukukhwehlela. Iningi lalaba bantwana banezifo ezilula zegciwane kanti futhi ayidingi i-antibiotic.

Lezi zinambuzane ezingadingekile noma ezingenasidingo zingenza kube lula ukuthi ama-antibiotics ngeke asebenze lapho ingane yakho isifo sokutheleleka kwebhaktheriya idinga ngempela.

Izifo Zesandulela Ngculaza vs Ibhaktheriya

Nakuba ama-antibiotics angasebenza ukuphatha ukutheleleka okuningi kwama-bacteria, ama-virus ahlukile uhlobo lwegciwane futhi awaphenduli kuma-antibiotics.

Ukutheleleka okubangelwa igciwane lesandulela ngculaza izingane ezizitholayo futhi okungeke kutholakale ukuthi uthole imishanguzo ye-antibiotic zibandakanya:

• Umkhuhlane ovamile, ngisho noma ingane yakho inomphuzi ophuzi noma ohlaza okwesibhakabhaka, ongahlala izinsuku ezingu-7 kuya kwezingu-10 lapho ingane yakho ibanda
• Umkhuhlane
• Umsindo, ngaphandle uma ingane yakho ihlolwa kahle
• I-bronchitis enamandla, nakuba ngezinye izikhathi i-bronchitis engapheli, ekhwehlela eye yahlala isikhathi esingaphezu kwamasonto amabili, iphathwa ngamagciwane
• Ukuba nezindlebe eziphakathi komphakathi (i-otitis media ne-effusion), ejwayelekile ezinyangeni ezimbalwa ngemuva kokutheleleka indlebe

Ukusebenzisa i-antibiotic

Uma ingane yakho inegciwane, ukuthatha imithi ye-antibiotic ngeke imsize ibe ngcono kangcono, ngeke kumenze abe nomthelela omncane futhi ngeke avame ukuyibeka embi.

Futhi ngaphezu kwenkinga yokulwa nokulwa namagciwane, uma amabhaktheriya eba nzima ukulwa nemithi elwa namagciwane ajwayelekile aphinde asebenze, futhi izindleko zemithi elwa namagciwane, ukuthatha i-antibiotic uma kungadingeki ibeka ingane yakho engozini yemiphumela emibi evela umuthi. Lokhu kufaka phakathi isifo sohudo, ukuhlukunyezwa, nokusabela okubangelwa yi-allergenic.

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Ukuphepha kweJumper Baby

Ezinyangeni ezine kuya kwezinhlanu, umntwana wakho kungenzeka akwazi ukumbamba ikhanda ngaphandle kosizo futhi angase akhathele ukulala nxazonke.

I-swing noma i-bouncer ingase ibe mnandi okwesikhashana, kodwa njengoba nalesi sikhathi futhi lapho izinsana zingakwazi ukuthwala isisindo emilenzeni yazo, zingenza ukuthi i-jumper ijabule kakhulu.

Baby Jumper

I-jumper yomntwana noma umgwaqo owenziwe ngomgwaqo osetshenziselwa ukusho idivaysi ehlanganisa isihlalo, ezinye izibopho, intwasahlobo kanye nezigqoko ozinamathisele emzimbeni wesango. Ingane yakho yabe isuka futhi igxuma futhi ingadlala ngamathoyizi ahlanganiswe esihlalweni.

Futhi ngenkathi lezi zinhlobo zezingane ze-jumpers zisatholakala, ama-jumpers amasha afana nezikhungo zokuzijabulisa futhi akudingeki ukuba afakwe esakhiweni somnyango. I-Fisher-Price Rainforest Jumperoo, isibonelo, inesihlalo sokusivula, amathoyizi amaningi, futhi ingafakwa phansi, ngakho awudingi umnyango.

Ukuze usebenzise i-jumper ngokuphepha nomntanakho, qiniseka ukuthi:

• Njalo uqondise ingane yakho ku-jumper.
• Linda kuze kube yilapho ingane yakho ikwazi ukumbamba ikhanda ngaphandle kosizo futhi ingakwazi ukuthwala isisindo emilenzeni ngaphambi kokuba imenze ibe yintambo.
• Ungashiyi ingane yakho ku-jumper uma ingabonakali ukuyithanda noma ngemuva kokukhathala noma ukukhathazeka ku-jumper. Iningi lezingane kufanele livumeleke kuphela ukusebenzisa i-jumper imizuzu engu-10 kuya kwemi-15 ngesikhathi noma kunjalo uma ihlangana ngokugcwele isikhathi esiningi.
• Yeka ukusebenzisa i-jumper uma ingane yakho ihamba, iyakwazi ukukhuphuka, noma ifinyelele ekuphakameni okuphezulu nokuyisisindo (ngokuvamile cishe ngamapounds angu-24 kuya kwangu-25, kuye komkhiqizo).
• Hlola izilinganiso zesikhwama semnyango ukuze uqiniseke ukuthi uhlangabezana nezimfuneko zakho ze-jumpers nokuthi uvikelekile uma usebenzisa i-jumper yomnyango.
• Qinisekisa ukuthi izinzwane zomntwana wakho kuphela ongafinyelela phansi uma usebenzisa i-jumper yomnyango. Izinyawo zakhe akufanele zihlale phansi.